Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
18,098
result(s) for
"Zhong, Wei"
Sort by:
هذه هي الصين : قوة تسير نحو العالم
يركز كتاب \"هذه هي الصين\" على سرد قصص تنمية الصين في العصر الجديد. وقد غير الدكتور تشانغ وي وي طريقته المعروفة بالتوجيه والإرشاد في البرامج الأيديولوجية والنظرية في الماضي، وعبر عنها بلغة شعبية سائغة، وحجج منطقية صارمة، وبيانات حقيقية، وتصادمات صريحة للأفكار، وتقنيات عرض مبتكرة لمساعدة الجمهور على فهم النموذج الصيني والطريق الصيني، وتعزيز ثقتهم بمستقبل الصين.
Book
Chlorine disinfection promotes the exchange of antibiotic resistance genes across bacterial genera by natural transformation
Chlorine disinfection to drinking water plays an important role in preventing and controlling waterborne disease outbreaks globally. Nevertheless, little is known about why it enriches the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria after chlorination. Here, ARGs released from killed antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), and culturable chlorine-injured bacteria produced in the chlorination process as the recipient, were investigated to determine their contribution to the horizontal transfer of ARGs during disinfection treatment. We discovered
Esch
e
richia coli
,
Salmonella aberdeen
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and
Enterococcus faecalis
showed diverse resistance to sodium hypochlorite, and transferable RP4 could be released from killed sensitive donor consistently. Meanwhile, the survival of chlorine-tolerant injured bacteria with enhanced cell membrane permeabilisation and a strong oxidative stress-response demonstrated that a physiologically competent cell could be transferred by RP4 with an improved transformation frequency of up to 550 times compared with the corresponding untreated bacteria. Furthermore, the water quality factors involving chemical oxygen demand (COD
Mn
), ammonium nitrogen and metal ions (Ca
2+
and K
+
) could significantly promote above transformation frequency of released RP4 into injured
E. faecalis
. Our findings demonstrated that the chlorination process promoted the horizontal transfer of plasmids by natural transformation, which resulted in the exchange of ARGs across bacterial genera and the emergence of new ARB, as well as the transfer of chlorine-injured opportunistic pathogen from non-ARB to ARB. Considering that the transfer elements were quite resistant to degradation through disinfection, this situation poses a potential risk to public health.
Journal Article
بيان الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن للحزب الشيوعي الصيني : (أقر في 12 أغسطس-آب-عام 1966)
عقدت الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن للحزب الشيوعي الصيني في بكين من 1 الى 12 أغسطس (آب) عام 1966، وقد ترأس الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة الرفيق ماو تسي تونغ، وحضرها أعضاء اللجنة المركزية وأعضاؤها المرشحون : وحضرها كذلك الرفاق من مختلف المكاتب الاقليمية للجنة المركزية ومن لجان الحزب في المقاطعات والبلديات والمناطق ذات الحكم الذاتي وأعضاء فرقة الثورة الثقافية للجنة المركزية والرفاق في الدوائر المعنية للجنة المركزية وممثلو المدرسين والطلاب الثوريين في الجامعات والمعاهد العليا بالعاصمة . وقد أقرت الدورة العامة الحادية عشرة بعد المناقشة « قرار اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي الصيني حول الثورة الثقافية البروليتارية الكبرى » . كما صادقت الدورة العامة بعد النقاش على القرارات السياسية المهمة والاجراءات المهمة فيما يختص بالمسائل الداخلية والخارجية التي أجازها المكتب السياسي للجنة المركزية منذ الدورة العامة العاشرة للجنة المركزية المنبثقة عن المؤتمر الوطني الثامن التي عقدت في سبتمبر (أيلول) عام 1962.
Book
A review of the electrical and mechanical properties of carbon nanofiller-reinforced polymer composites
Within decades of development, carbon nanomaterials such as carbon black, fullerene, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, graphene and their combined nanofillers have been tremendously applied in polymer material industries, generating a series of fascinating multifunctional composites in the fields from portable electronic devices, sports, entertainments to automobile, aerospace and military. Among the various material properties of the composites, electrical conductivity and mechanical performance are the two most important parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of nanofillers in the polymer matrices. In this review, we focus on the electrical and mechanical properties of diverse dimensional carbon nanofillers (e.g., zero-, one-, two-, three-dimensional nanofillers or their combinations)-reinforced polymer composites to seek the most efficient and effective approach to obtain high-performance polymeric nanocomposites.
Journal Article
Liquid biopsy in lung cancer: significance in diagnostics, prediction, and treatment monitoring
Primary lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Approximately 60% of lung cancer patients have distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis, so it is necessary to find new tumor markers for early diagnosis and individualized treatment. Tumor markers contribute to the early diagnosis of lung cancer and play important roles in early detection and treatment, as well as in precision medicine, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis prediction. The pathological diagnosis of lung cancer in small biopsy specimens determines whether there are tumor cells in the biopsy and tumor type. Because biopsy is traumatic and the compliance of patients with multiple biopsies is poor, liquid biopsy has become a hot research direction. Liquid biopsies are advantageous because they are nontraumatic, easy to obtain, reflect the overall state of the tumor, and allow for real-time monitoring. At present, liquid biopsies mainly include circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes, microRNA, circulating RNA, tumor platelets, and tumor endothelial cells. This review introduces the research progress and clinical application prospect of liquid biopsy technology for lung cancer.
Journal Article
Mechanisms of Hydride Nucleation, Growth, Reorientation, and Embrittlement in Zirconium: A Review
Zirconium (Zr) hydrides threaten the reliability of fuel assembly and have repeatedly induced failures in cladding tubes and pressure vessels. Thus, they attract a broad range of research interests. For example, delayed hydride cracking induced a severe fracture and failure in a Zircaloy-2 pressure tube in 1983, causing the emergency shutdown of the Pickering nuclear reactor. Hydride has high hardness and very low toughness, and it tends to aggregate toward cooler or tensile regions, which initiates localized hydride precipitation and results in delayed hydride cracking. Notably, hydride reorientation under tensile stress substantially decreases the fracture toughness and increases the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature of Zr alloys, which reduces the safety of the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel. Therefore, improving our knowledge of Zr hydrides is useful for effectively controlling hydride embrittlement in fuel assembly. The aim of this review is to reorganize the mechanisms of hydride nucleation and growth behaviors, hydride reorientation under external stress, and hydride-induced embrittlement. We revisit important examples of progress of research in this field and emphasize the key future aspects of research on Zr hydrides.
Journal Article
Relative mobility of screw versus edge dislocations controls the ductile-to-brittle transition in metals
Body-centered cubic metals including steels and refractory metals suffer from an abrupt ductile-to-brittle transition (DBT) at a critical temperature, hampering their performance and applications. Temperature-dependent dislocation mobility and dislocation nucleation have been proposed as the potential factors responsible for the DBT. However, the origin of this sudden switch from toughness to brittleness still remains a mystery. Here, we discover that the ratio of screw dislocation velocity to edge dislocation velocity is a controlling factor responsible for the DBT. A physical model was conceived to correlate the efficiency of Frank–Read dislocation source with the relative mobility of screw versus edge dislocations. A sufficiently high relative mobility is a prerequisite for the coordinated movement of screw and edge segments to sustain dislocation multiplication. Nanoindentation experiments found that DBT in chromium requires a critical mobility ratio of 0.7, above which the dislocation sources transition from disposable to regeneratable ones. The proposed model is also supported by the experimental results of iron, tungsten, and aluminum.
Journal Article
Recent developments and applications of chemical mechanical polishing
This article discusses advanced developments and applications of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) published recently in the selected papers indexed by Web of Science. The topics covered are advances in slurry and abrasives, pads and conditioning, CMP for semiconductor device manufacturing, CMP for other applications, modeling and simulations, and CMP with ultrasonic vibrations, lasers, photocatalysts, or UV lamps. Nonspherical abrasive particles have been developed for CMP, resulting in increased material removal rates (MRRs). Advanced conditioning methods have been proposed to uniformly generate pad surface shapes. Fixed abrasive CMP has advantages with higher MRRs. New models for designing the pad and conditioner have been proposed, and more uniform pad shapes can be obtained. Integrated advanced process control improves the wafer-to-wafer variation. Dental implants treated by CMP perform equally or better than the baseline-machined implants and the biphasic calcium phosphate-treated implants. The slurry distribution and the abrasive behavior can be simulated by means of multiphase modeling. Molecular dynamics simulations can explore the mechanism of CMP. CMP of wafers can be simulated using an atomic force microscope with its tapping mode. Theoretical models have been developed to calculate removal depths, study the chemical action in CMP, and explore the crystal orientation effects. CMP assisted by ultrasonic vibrations increases CMP MRRs and lowers the roughness of polished surfaces. CMP assisted by using UV lamp power, femtosecond lasers, or photocatalysts enhances CMP MRRs.
Journal Article
Phage combination therapies for bacterial wilt disease in tomato
Bacteriophages have been proposed as an alternative to pesticides to kill bacterial pathogens of crops. However, the efficacy of phage biocontrol is variable and poorly understood in natural rhizosphere microbiomes. We studied biocontrol efficacy of different phage combinations on
Ralstonia solanacearum
infection in tomato. Increasing the number of phages in combinations decreased the incidence of disease by up to 80% in greenhouse and field experiments during a single crop season. The decreased incidence of disease was explained by a reduction in pathogen density and the selection for phage-resistant but slow-growing pathogen strains, together with enrichment for bacterial species that were antagonistic toward
R. solanacearum
. Phage treatment did not affect the existing rhizosphere microbiota. Specific phage combinations have potential as precision tools to control plant pathogenic bacteria.
Phage combination therapies reduce bacterial wilt disease incidence in tomato by up to 80%.
Journal Article