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result(s) for
"Zhou, Quan"
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One-hour coherent optical storage in an atomic frequency comb memory
Photon loss in optical fibers prevents long-distance distribution of quantum information on the ground. Quantum repeater is proposed to overcome this problem, but the communication distance is still limited so far because of the system complexity of the quantum repeater scheme. Alternative solutions include transportable quantum memory and quantum-memory-equipped satellites, where long-lived optical quantum memories are the key components to realize global quantum communication. However, the longest storage time of the optical memories demonstrated so far is approximately 1 minute. Here, by employing a zero-first-order-Zeeman magnetic field and dynamical decoupling to protect the spin coherence in a solid, we demonstrate coherent storage of light in an atomic frequency comb memory over 1 hour, leading to a promising future for large-scale quantum communication based on long-lived solid-state quantum memories.
Quantum memories are key components for quantum communication, but current storage times are still too short. Here, the authors use the atomic frequency comb protocol in a zero-first-order-Zeeman field to coherently store an optical pulse for an hour in a cryogenically cooled rare-earth doped crystal.
Journal Article
Lactate Activates Germline and Cleavage Embryo Genes in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Lactate was recently found to mediate histone lysine lactylation and facilitate polarization of M1 macrophages, indicating its role in metabolic regulation of gene expression. During somatic cell reprogramming, lactate promotes histone lactylation of pluripotency genes and improves reprogramming efficiency. However, the function of lactate in cell fate control in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) remains elusive. In this study, we revealed that lactate supplementation activated germline genes in mouse ESCs. Lactate also induced global upregulation of cleavage embryo genes, such as members of the Zscan4 gene family. Further exploration demonstrated that lactate stimulated H3K18 lactylation accumulation on germline and cleavage embryo genes, which in turn promoted transcriptional elongation. Our findings indicated that lactate supplementation expanded the transcriptional network in mouse ESCs.
Journal Article
Non-flammable solvent-free liquid polymer electrolyte for lithium metal batteries
As a replacement for highly flammable and volatile organic liquid electrolyte, solid polymer electrolyte shows attractive practical prospect in high-energy lithium metal batteries. However, unsatisfied interface performance and ionic conductivities are two critical challenges. A common strategy involves introducing organic solvents or plasticizers, but this violates the original intention of security design. Here, an electrolyte concept called liquid polymer electrolyte without any small molecular solvents is proposed for safe and high-performance batteries, based on the design of a room-temperature liquid-state brush-like polymer as the sole solvent of lithium salts. This liquid polymer electrolyte is non-flammable and exhibits high ionic conductivity (1.09
×
10
−4
S cm
−1
at 25 °C), significant lithium dendrite suppression, and stable long-term cycling over a wide operating temperature range ( ≥ 1000 cycles at 60 °C and 90 °C). Moreover, the pouch cell can resist thermal abuse, vacuum environment, and mechanical abuse. This electrolyte and design strategy are expected to provide enlightening ideas for the development of safe and high-performance polymer electrolytes.
Although solid polymer electrolytes show promise as alternatives to organic liquid electrolytes, they are hampered by interface and ionic conduction issues. Here, the authors develop a solvent-free liquid polymer electrolyte to enhance the safety and electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries.
Journal Article
Dirac fermions in an antiferromagnetic semimetal
The prediction of an antiferromagnetic semimetal that breaks both time-reversal and inversion symmetry but respects their combination could provide a platform for studying the interplay between Dirac fermions and magnetism.
Analogues of the elementary particles have been extensively searched for in condensed-matter systems for both scientific interest and technological applications
1
,
2
,
3
. Recently, massless Dirac fermions were found to emerge as low-energy excitations in materials now known as Dirac semimetals
4
,
5
,
6
. All of the currently known Dirac semimetals are non-magnetic with both time-reversal symmetry
and inversion symmetry
7
,
8
,
9
. Here we show that Dirac fermions can exist in one type of antiferromagnetic system, where both
and
are broken but their combination
is respected. We propose orthorhombic antiferromagnet CuMnAs as a candidate, analyse the robustness of the Dirac points under symmetry protections and demonstrate its distinctive bulk dispersions, as well as the corresponding surface states, by
ab initio
calculations. Our results provide a possible platform to study the interplay of Dirac fermion physics and magnetism.
Journal Article
Renewed proliferation in adult mouse cochlea and regeneration of hair cells
The adult mammalian inner ear lacks the capacity to divide or regenerate. Damage to inner ear generally leads to permanent hearing loss in humans. Here, we present that reprogramming of the adult inner ear induces renewed proliferation and regeneration of inner ear cell types. Co-activation of cell cycle activator
Myc
and inner ear progenitor gene
Notch1
induces robust proliferation of diverse adult cochlear sensory epithelial cell types. Transient MYC and NOTCH activities enable adult supporting cells to respond to transcription factor
Atoh1
and efficiently transdifferentiate into hair cell-like cells. Furthermore, we uncover that mTOR pathway participates in MYC/NOTCH-mediated proliferation and regeneration. These regenerated hair cell-like cells take up the styryl dye FM1-43 and are likely to form connections with adult spiral ganglion neurons, supporting that
Myc
and
Notch1
co-activation is sufficient to reprogram fully mature supporting cells to proliferate and regenerate hair cell-like cells in adult mammalian auditory organs.
The adult mammalian inner ear cells cannot regenerate nor proliferate. Here, the authors show that co-activation of Myc and NOTCH pathways can stimulate proliferation of inner ear sensory epithelial cells, which can be induced to become hair cell-like cells in vitro and in vivo.
Journal Article
Asymmetric dinitrogen-coordinated nickel single-atomic sites for efficient CO2 electroreduction
Developing highly efficient, selective and low-overpotential electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide (CO
2
) reduction is crucial. This study reports an efficient Ni single-atom catalyst coordinated with pyrrolic nitrogen and pyridinic nitrogen for CO
2
reduction to carbon monoxide (CO). In flow cell experiments, the catalyst achieves a CO partial current density of 20.1 mA cm
geo
−2
at −0.15 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (V
RHE
). It exhibits a high turnover frequency of over 274,000 site
−1
h
−1
at −1.0 V
RHE
and maintains high Faradaic efficiency of CO (FE
CO
) exceeding 90% within −0.15 to −0.9 V
RHE
. Operando synchrotron-based infrared and X-ray absorption spectra, and theoretical calculations reveal that mono CO-adsorbed Ni single sites formed during electrochemical processes contribute to the balance between key intermediates formation and CO desorption, providing insights into the catalyst’s origin of catalytic activity. Overall, this work presents a Ni single-atom catalyst with good selectivity and activity for CO
2
reduction while shedding light on its underlying mechanism.
Rational design of electrocatalysts for selective CO
2
conversion is of great interests. Here the authors show that Ni single atom with asymmetric pyrrolic and pyridinic nitrogen for efficient CO
2
electroconversion to CO.
Journal Article
Elimination of noise in optically rephased photon echoes
Photon echo is a fundamental tool for the manipulation of electromagnetic fields. Unavoidable spontaneous emission noise is generated in this process due to the strong rephasing pulse, which limits the achievable signal-to-noise ratio and represents a fundamental obstacle towards their applications in the quantum regime. Here we propose a noiseless photon-echo protocol based on a four-level atomic system. We implement this protocol in a Eu
3+
:Y
2
SiO
5
crystal to serve as an optical quantum memory. A storage fidelity of 0.952 ± 0.018 is obtained for time-bin qubits encoded with single-photon-level coherent pulses, which is far beyond the maximal fidelity achievable using the classical measure-and-prepare strategy. In this work, the demonstrated noiseless photon-echo quantum memory features spin-wave storage, easy operation and high storage fidelity, which should be easily extended to other physical systems.
Photon echo techniques are difficult to implement in the quantum regime due to coherent and spontaneous emission noise. Here, the authors propose a low-noise photon-echo quantum memory approach based on all-optical control in a four-level system, and demonstrate it using a Eu3+:Y2SiO5 crystal.
Journal Article
Cultural Memory and Ethnic Identity Construction in Toni Morrison's A Mercy
Through the lens of cultural memory, this article explores the relationships between the representation of cultural memory and the construction of ethnic cultural identity in Toni Morrison's A Mercy. I argue that in the novel, Morrison highlights and manipulates three media of cultural memory: the architecture, the inscription, and the body, to interrogate and challenge the validity of numerous historical monuments and museums in America that are eviscerated of their complicity and function as tools in the atrocity of instituting slavery. To externalize his values, White colonizer Jacob builds a superfluous mansion, which, with the slave trade involved, actually serves as a profane monument to the slavery culture. To highlight the invalidity of the White cultural memory, Morrison crafts Florens who inscribes in the mansion the collective traumatic memory of the African female slaves, deforming the secular memorial from within. In the same fashion, culturally traumatized, Native American Lina adulterates the White culture by insinuating into it the Indigenous Indian cultural fragments and by performing the remolded Indigenous Indian culture, she sediments it into her body. By historicizing the issue of cultural memory in A Mercy, Morrison invites the reader to reconsider what makes a true American cultural memory.
Journal Article
Co-delivery of IOX1 and doxorubicin for antibody-independent cancer chemo-immunotherapy
Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies are currently used in the clinic to interupt the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint, which reverses T cell dysfunction/exhaustion and shows success in treating cancer. Here, we report a histone demethylase inhibitor, 5-carboxy-8-hydroxyquinoline (IOX1), which inhibits tumour histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing 1A (JMJD1A) and thus downregulates its downstream β-catenin and subsequent PD-L1, providing an antibody-independent paradigm interrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint. Synergistically, IOX1 inhibits cancer cells’ P-glycoproteins (P-gp) through the JMJD1A/β-catenin/P-gp pathway and greatly enhances doxorubicin (DOX)-induced immune-stimulatory immunogenic cell death. As a result, the IOX1 and DOX combination greatly promotes T cell infiltration and activity and significantly reduces tumour immunosuppressive factors. Their liposomal combination reduces the growth of various murine tumours, including subcutaneous, orthotopic, and lung metastasis tumours, and offers a long-term immunological memory function against tumour rechallenging. This work provides a small molecule-based potent cancer chemo-immunotherapy.
Some chemotherapeutic drugs, such as doxorubicin, induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and promote anti-tumor immune responses. Here the authors report that the histone demethylase inhibitor 5-carboxy-8-hydroxyquinoline (IOX1) reduces the expression of PD-L1 in cancer cells and enhances doxorubicin-induced ICD, promoting T cell infiltration and reducing tumor growth in preclinical models.
Journal Article