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"Zhou, Yan"
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Knowledge, attitude, and practice among non-breast cancer women towards breast cancer screening with a focus on economic factors
Although breast cancer incidence and mortality are rising globally and China has a screening programme, participation remains low due to poor awareness and financial barriers. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of breast cancer screening among 964 non-breast cancer women, averaging 29.79 years old, through web-based questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. The knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 7.04 ± 4.19 (possible range: 0–20), 25.37 ± 6.09 (possible range: 10–50), and 15.07 ± 2.84 (possible range: 0–20), respectively. Key barriers included embarrassment (65.45%), fear of radiation (49.48%), and treatment costs (70.34%). Structural equation modeling indicated that income had a direct effect on both knowledge (β = 0.36,
P
= 0.010) and attitude (β = 1.34,
P
< 0.001). The logistic regression analysis found that identifying as “housewife” (OR = 2.87, 95%CI: 1.11–7.37,
P
= 0.029) and having no medical insurance (OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 1.13–9.04,
P
= 0.028) were significantly associated with unwillingness to undergo breast cancer screening. In conclusion, this study shows that there is a significant gap in KAP regarding breast cancer screening among women in China, particularly among low-income groups. To improve screening rates, it is crucial to address these barriers, enhance knowledge, and provide better risk assessment resources.
Journal Article
مبادئ الحكم في الصين القديمة
يتناول كتاب (مبادئ الحكم في الصين القديمة) والذي قامه بتأليفه (وي تشينغ) في حوالي (211) صفحة من القطع المتوسط موضوع (تاريخ الصين قديم) مستعرضا المحتويات التالية : قبل أكثر من ألف وربعمائة عام، أصدر الإمبراطور تاي تسونغ إمبراطور أسرة تانغ الملكية (618-907) مرسوما بأن يجمع أربعة من أشهر علماء الصين وسياسييها وأمهرهم وقتها المعارف التاريخية حول مبادئ الحكم الإمبراطوري من الكتب الكلاسيكية القديمة الستة، والمجموعات التاريخية الأربع، والمئات من مؤلفات المدارس الفكرية الصينية، وأن يرتبوها ويستخرجوا منها الدروس الاكثر اهمية حول تهذيب النفس وإصلاحها، وإدارة العائلة، والحكم الجيد للبلاد، وسبل جلب السلام للعالم. وكانت النتيجة مجموعة عنوانها \"تشيونشو تشيياو\" التي أقتبست بعناية من أربعة عشر ألف كتاب، وتسع وثمانين ألف مخطوطة من الكتابات القديمة، بإجمالي خمسمائة ألف فقرة مكتوبة، تغطي خمسة وشتين صنفا من الكتب. وقد ساعد هذا الكتاب الإمبراطور تاي سونغ والكثير من الأباطرة من بعده في أمور الحكم، ويعود الفضل في تحقيق الرخاء والسلام في المراحل اللاحقة بالصين القديمة بنسبة كبيرة إلى هذا الكتاب.
BOOK
Magnetic bilayer-skyrmions without skyrmion Hall effect
Magnetic skyrmions might be used as information carriers in future advanced memories, logic gates and computing devices. However, there exists an obstacle known as the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE), that is, the skyrmion trajectories bend away from the driving current direction due to the Magnus force. Consequently, the skyrmions in constricted geometries may be destroyed by touching the sample edges. Here we theoretically propose that the SkHE can be suppressed in the antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled bilayer system, since the Magnus forces in the top and bottom layers are exactly cancelled. We show that such a pair of SkHE-free magnetic skyrmions can be nucleated and be driven by the current-induced torque. Our proposal provides a promising means to move magnetic skyrmions in a perfectly straight trajectory in ultra-dense devices with ultra-fast processing speed.
Magnetic skyrmions propagating under an applied current along a nanowire experience the magnus force, deflecting them towards the edges where they may be destroyed, potentially hindering their applications. Here, the authors propose a method to surpass this issue utilizing magnetic bilayers systems.
Journal Article
Effects of Puerarin on the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Puerarin, an isoflavone glycoside derived from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, has been identified as a pharmacologically active component with diverse benefits. A large number of experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that puerarin is widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world, and therefore remain one of the most prominent global public health concerns. In this review, we systematically analyze the preclinical investigations of puerarin in CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, myocardial infarction, stroke and hypertension. In addition, the potential molecular targets of puerarin are also discussed. Furthermore, we summarize the clinical trails of puerarin in the treatment of CVDs. Finally, the therapeutic effects of puerarin derivatives and its drug delivery systems are overviewed.
Journal Article
The subunit of RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase OsFIP regulates early degeneration of microspores in rice
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation plays important roles during development in different species. However, knowledge of m6A RNA methylation in monocots remains limited. In this study, we reported that OsFIP and OsMTA2 are the components of m6A RNA methyltransferase complex in rice and uncovered a previously unknown function of m6A RNA methylation in regulation of plant sporogenesis. Importantly, OsFIP is essential for rice male gametogenesis. Knocking out of OsFIP results in early degeneration of microspores at the vacuolated pollen stage and simultaneously causes abnormal meiosis in prophase I. We further analyzed the profile of rice m6A modification during sporogenesis in both WT and OsFIP loss-of-function plants, and identified a rice panicle specific m6A modification motif \"UGWAMH\". Interestingly, we found that OsFIP directly mediates the m6A methylation of a set of threonine protease and NTPase mRNAs and is essential for their expression and/or splicing, which in turn regulates the progress of sporogenesis. Our findings revealed for the first time that OsFIP plays an indispensable role in plant early sporogenesis. This study also provides evidence for the different functions of the m6A RNA methyltransferase complex between rice and Arabidopsis.
Journal Article
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus camrelizumab for locally advanced cervical cancer (NACI study): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial
Locally advanced cervical cancer constitutes around 37% of cervical cancer cases globally and has a poor prognosis due to limited therapeutic options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in the neoadjuvant setting could address these challenges. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.
In this single-arm, phase 2 trial, which was done across eight tertiary hospitals in China, we enrolled patients aged 18–70 years with untreated cervical cancer (IB3, IIA2, or IIB/IIIC1r with a tumour diameter ≥4 cm [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2018]) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Eligible patients underwent one cycle of priming doublet chemotherapy (75–80 mg/m2 cisplatin, intravenously, plus 260 mg/m2 nab-paclitaxel, intravenously), followed by two cycles of a combination of chemotherapy (cisplatin plus nab-paclitaxel) on day 1 with camrelizumab (200 mg, intravenously) on day 2, with a 3-week interval between treatment cycles. Patients with stable disease or progressive disease received concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and patients with a complete response or partial response proceeded to radical surgery. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate, by independent central reviewer according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours, version 1.1. Activity and safety were analysed in patients who received at least one dose of camrelizumab. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04516616, and is ongoing.
Between Dec 1, 2020, and Feb 10, 2023, 85 patients were enrolled and all received at least one dose of camrelizumab. Median age was 51 years (IQR 46–57) and no data on race or ethnicity were collected. At data cutoff (April 30, 2023), median follow-up was 11·0 months (IQR 6·0–14·5). An objective response was noted in 83 (98% [95% CI 92–100]) patients, including 16 (19%) patients who had a complete response and 67 (79%) who had a partial response. The most common grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events during neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy were lymphopenia (21 [25%] of 85), neutropenia (ten [12%]), and leukopenia (seven [8%]). No serious adverse events or treatment-related deaths occurred.
Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy showed promising antitumour activity and a manageable adverse event profile in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. The combination of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy with radical surgery holds potential as a novel therapeutic approach for locally advanced cervical cancer.
National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China and the National Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Journal Article
Efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs in combination with angiogenesis inhibitors as first-line therapy for advanced EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background
For patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, the suggested course of action is epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Even with a high disease control rate, a majority of patients develop acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance and eventually advance. To increase the benefits of treatment, clinical trials are increasingly exploring the value of EGFR-TKIs combined with angiogenesis inhibitors as a first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC carrying EGFR mutations.
Method
Using PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, to locate published full-text articles in print or online, a thorough literature search was done from the database's inception to February 2021. Additionally, oral presentation RCTs from ESMO and ASCO were obtained. We sifted out RCTs that used EGFR-TKIs along with angiogenesis inhibitors as first-line therapy for advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC. ORR, AEs, OS, and PFS were the endpoints. Review Manager version 5.4.1 was used for data analysis.
Results
One thousand eight hundred twenty-one patients were involved in 9 RCTs. According to the results, combining EGFR-TKIs with angiogenesis inhibitors therapy prolonged PFS of advanced EGFR-mutation NSCLC patients on the whole [HR:0.65 (95%CI: 0.59~0.73,
P<
0.00001)]. No significant statistical difference was identified between the combination group and single drug group in OS(
P=
0.20) and ORR (
P=
0.11). There are more adverse effects when EGFR-TKIs are used in combination with angiogenesis inhibitors than when used alone.
Conclusion
The combination of EGFR-TKIs and angiogenesis inhibitors prolonged PFS in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC, but the OS and ORR benefit was not significant, and the risk of adverse events was higher, more pronounced with hypertension and proteinuria; PFS in subgroups suggested that the combination was associated with better PFS in the smoking, liver metastasis, and no brain metastasis groups, and the included studies suggested that the smoking group , liver metastasis group, and brain metastasis group may have a potential OS benefit.
Journal Article
Non-Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Biosensor Development
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely studied and used for the construction of electrochemical biosensors owing to their small size, cylindrical shape, large surface-to-volume ratio, high conductivity and good biocompatibility. In electrochemical biosensors, CNTs serve a dual purpose: they act as immobilization support for biomolecules as well as provide the necessary electrical conductivity for electrochemical transduction. The ability of a recognition molecule to detect the analyte is highly dependent on the type of immobilization used for the attachment of the biomolecule to the CNT surface, a process also known as biofunctionalization. A variety of biofunctionalization methods have been studied and reported including physical adsorption, covalent cross-linking, polymer encapsulation etc. Each method carries its own advantages and limitations. In this review we provide a comprehensive review of non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with a variety of biomolecules for the development of electrochemical biosensors. This method of immobilization is increasingly being used in bioelectrode development using enzymes for biosensor and biofuel cell applications.
Journal Article