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The development of highly efficient and stable oxygen reduction electrocatalysts and revealing their underlying catalytic mechanism are crucial in expanding the applications of metal‐air batteries. Herein, an excellent FeCo alloy nanoparticles (NPs)‐decorated N‐doped mesoporous carbon electrocatalyst (FeCo/NC) for oxygen reduction reaction, prepared through the pyrolysis of a dual metal containing metal‐organic framework composite scaffold is reported. Benefiting from the highly exposed bimetal active sites and the carefully designed structure, the Fe0.25Co0.75/NC‐800 catalyst exhibits a promising electrocatalytic activity and a superior durability, better than those of the state‐of‐the‐art catalysts. Suggested by both the X‐ray absorption fine structures and the density functional theoretical calculation, the outstanding catalytic performance is originated from the synergistic effects of the bimetallic loading in NC catalysts, where the electronic modulation of the Co active sites from the nearby Fe species leads to an optimized binding strength for reaction intermediates. This work demonstrates a class of highly active nonprecious metals electrocatalysts and provides valuable insights into investigating the structure–performance relationship of transition metal‐based alloy catalysts. A FeCo alloy nanoparticles (NPs)‐functionalized N‐doped mesoporous carbon material is constructed and demonstrated as a promising catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. Through modulating the electronic structure of FeCo NPs in the framework, a moderate binding energy for oxygen intermediate species is generated, thus boosting the catalytic performance.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most prevalent types of lung cancer globally; it is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates and contributes to over 1.8 million deaths annually. PSMB7, a crucial component of the 20S proteasome involved in protein degradation and antigen presentation, has been implicated in various cancers; however, its specific function in LUAD remains inadequately explored. This research aimed to investigate the expression of PSMB7 in LUAD and its clinical significance using real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, differential expression analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration, and DNA methylation. PSMB7 expression levels in LUAD tissues were considerably higher than those in the surrounding normal lung tissues and were associated with advanced pathological stages and poorer clinical outcomes. High PSMB7 expression was correlated with reduced overall and disease-specific survival. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes associated with PSMB7 were mainly involved in protein-DNA complex assembly and chromatin remodeling. Moreover, LUAD tissues showed lower DNA methylation in PSMB7 promoters than that in normal lung tissues, which was correlated with reduced survival rates. A negative correlation was observed between PSMB7 levels and immune cell infiltration, particularly for effector memory T, B, follicular helper T, and mast cells. We identified PSMB7 as a promising biomarker for LUAD prognosis because of its strong association with tumor progression and immune microenvironment modulation. Future studies should explore therapeutic strategies targeting PSMB7 to improve patient outcomes for LUAD.

Salt slurry is a special sludge produced in the process of brine purification in chlor-alkali industry. In order to eliminate the harm of salty slurry to the environment and realize its economic value, a salty slurry harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization treatment method was proposed. Through this method, salty slurry will be transformed into desulfurizer with its water content and Cl - content reduced to 15% and 0.5% respectively. This method has been applied to projects, bringing environmental and economic benefits.

Introduction. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid metabolism disorder and vascular endothelial damage. Albiflorin (AF) has been certified to be effective in the therapy of certain inflammatory diseases, while the therapeutic effect and mechanism of AF on AS have not been fully elucidated. Material and Methods. Model cells for AS were created by inducing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). After processing with AF and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1- (IRAK1-) overexpressed plasmid, cell viability was assessed by CCK-8; cholesterol efflux was tested using liquid scintillation counter; IL-6 and TNF-α levels were determined with ELISA kits; ROS and apoptosis were confirmed using Flow cytometry. Besides, IRAK1-TAK1 pathway and apoptosis- and mitochondrial fusion-related proteins were monitored with western blotting analysis. Results. Our results verified that AF could not only dramatically accelerate viability and cholesterol efflux but also attenuate inflammation, ROS production, and apoptosis in Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. Meanwhile, AF could prominently prevent the activation of IRAK1-TAK1 pathway, downregulate apoptosis-related proteins, and upregulate mitochondrial fusion-related proteins in Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. Moreover, we testified that IRAK1 overexpression memorably could reverse suppression of AF on inflammation, apoptosis, and IRAK1-TAK1 pathway and enhancement of AF on viability, cholesterol efflux, and mitochondrial fusion in Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. Conclusions. By blocking the IRAK1/TAK1 pathway, AF can significantly slow the course of AS, suggesting that it could be a viable therapeutic option for AS.

Dual plasmonic Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles supported on ordered mesoporous carbon (Au–Ag/CMK-3) have been fabricated by the method of partial substitution of silver on CMK-3 with gold. Near-spherical Ag–Au nanoparticles with a diameter of 8–15 nm are uniformly coated on the surface of CMK-3. Attributed to dual localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles, the Au–Ag/CMK-3 composites have remarkable broadband absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions. All CMK-3 based nanofluids show much higher photothermal conversion efficiency than the base liquid of ethylene glycol (EG). Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles further enhance the photothermal conversion efficiency of CMK-3, which is 71.1% compared with 67.4% and 65.6% for Au/CMK-3 and Ag/CMK-3, respectively. The Au–Ag/CMK-3 nanomaterials pay new ways for fabrication promising photothermal nanofluids for application in direct absorption solar collectors.

Construction of heterojunction and decoration of cocatalyst are two vital strategies to accelerate migration of charge carriers. However, the fabrication routs of multi-composites are usually complex and expensive. In this work, Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 /Bi 2 O 3 /Bi ternary composite was fabricated via a facile one-step redox reaction. Ethylene glycol was selected as the solvent during the whole reaction process. Moreover, ethylene glycol as an excellent reductant can reduce Bi 3+ into metallic Bi 0 and itself is oxidized to CO 3 2− , which would react with Bi 2 O 3 to generate Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 without additional carbon source. Component proportions in ternary composites were optimized by the control of the ratios of raw materials. Under simulate solar light, Bi-based ternary composites exhibited enhanced photodegradation efficiencies for multifarious pollutants in comparison with single and binary samples. The enhanced photocatalytic activities were ascribed to accelerated migration rate of charge carriers owing to the construction of heterojunction and decoration of cocatalyst.

Mesoporous metals have attracted extensive attention in electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol owing to their high conductivity, large surface area, and pore volume, which can provide rich and accessible active sites for guest species. In this mini review, we mainly focus on the recent advances of the synthetic strategies of mesoporous metals and their applications in the catalytic oxidation of methanol. The underlying mechanism for both the hard and soft-templating method was first discussed. Then, the influence of morphology, structure, and composition of mesoporous metal and its alloy catalysts on the catalytic activity of methanol oxidation was highlighted. Precious design of the morphology and composition of Pt-group-based alloy electrocatalysts represents an important route to enhance catalytic activity and stability due to the improved tolerance of Pt in intermediate CO in methanol oxidation. Finally, the review is ended with a conclusion and future perspective.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a severe cause of disability and death among people worldwide. The occlusion of cerebral blood flow has resulted in the infarction due to the oxygen and glucose deprivation. Though timely reperfusion can reduce the infarct size, the oxidative stress triggered in ischemia and reperfusion will induce apoptosis of neurons in penumbra. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes through binding to antioxidant response elements (ARE). The activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway can protect neurons against oxidative stress. To discover novel drugs targeting cerebral ischemic stroke, we have assessed the protective effects of hederagenic acid on PC12 cells injured by oxygen and glucose deprivation/restoration (OGD/R) and explored the possible mechanisms. The results showed hederagenic acid could enhance the survival of PC12 cells exposed to OGD/R. Further exploration has revealed oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells have been attenuated by hederagenic acid. Meanwhile, the apoptosis in PC12 cells has been inhibited significantly. In addition, activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway by hederagenic acid was observed herein, which indicated this cascade was involved in the protective effects. These results can provide proofs for the further investigation in vivo and the discovery of new drugs targeting cerebral ischemic stroke.

Gold-palladium alloy nanoparticles decorated on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Au-Pd/N-CNT) were prepared by using polyethylene imine reduction method. Polyethylene acts as not only a stabilizing agent, but also a reducing agent, leading to nucleation and growth of nanoparticles on the N-CNT surfaces. All the N-CNT-based nanofluids show broadband absorption across the visible region and near infrared region. The Au-Pd/N-CNT nanofluids absorb more solar irradiation compared with monometallic Pd/N-CNT or Au/N-CNT nanofluid. The photo-thermal conversion efficiency of Au-Pd /N-CNT nanofluids is 62.3%, compared with 53.3% and 57% for Pd/N-CNT and Au/N-CNT, respectively. This enhancement was mainly due to the synergetic effects of N-CNT and Au-Pd alloy nanoparticles. nema

The assembly of monomicelles along one-dimension (1D) to construct tubular or fibrous mesostructures is greatly desired but still challenging. Herein, we have demonstrated a facile strategy to synthesize 1D bimodal mesoporous metal oxides (e.g., WO3, WO3/Pd, WO3/PdCu, TiO2, and ZrO2) nanofibers (NFs) through assembling the organic-inorganic composite monomicelles in a beam stream generated via an electrospinning technique. This facile and repeatable methodology relies on the preparation of copolymer@metal-complex monomicelles in an anisotropic solution and oriented assembly of them in the beam stream by the selective evaporation of solvent. WO3 and its derivatives are chosen as the demo, which show a uniform continuous fibrous structure with dual mesopore sizes (∼4.0 and 7.6 nm) and large surface area (∼93.1 m2 g−1). Benefitting from the unique textual structure, gas sensors made by Pd-decorated mesoporous WO3 NFs display outstanding comprehensive sensing performance to ethylbenzene, including a high sensitivity (52.5), an ultralow detection limit (50 ppb), and fast response/recovery kinetics (11/16 s) as well as an outstanding selectivity, which render them promising for rapid environmental monitoring.