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Entrepreneurial education has always played an important role in developing entrepreneurship. In recent years, China has been emphasizing the integration of innovative entrepreneurship concepts into university curricula. Entrepreneurial education can also contribute to the sustainability of business development. In the context of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation”, entrepreneurial education is important to promote the restructuring of the economic and business model, enhance the development momentum, and follow the innovation-driven development path. However, whether the promotion of entrepreneurial education will lead to entrepreneurial intentions of college students, and thus, specific proposals for the promotion of the entrepreneurial education model remains unclear. Therefore, this study adopted the theory of planned behavior perspective coupled with perceived university support to extend the theory of planned behavior framework and explain the effect of such support on student entrepreneurial intention. The study results revealed that perceived university support significantly affected student attitude toward entrepreneurship, which signaled universities’ critical role in establishing entrepreneurial spirit in students. A significant effect on behavioral control was also observed for perceived university support. Regarding the effects of perceived university support on attitude toward entrepreneurship and behavioral control, the results revealed the effect was far greater on attitude than on behavioral control. Such intention was not directly affected by subjective norms. Therefore, a scientifically rational entrepreneurship course system is critical for effective entrepreneurship education. Overall, encouraging students to engage in the continuous process of entrepreneurship through entrepreneurship courses can concurrently benefit overall economic and social development.

BackgroundVorinostat (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has shown clinical efficacy against advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). However, only a subset of patients with CTCL (30–35%) respond to SAHA and the response is not always sustainable. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying evasive resistance in this cancer is an unmet medical need to improve the efficacy of current therapies.PurposeThis study aims to identify factors contributing to resistance against SAHA in CTCL and ways to mitigate it.Methods and resultsIn this study, we demonstrated that attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces the expression of interleukin (IL)-2Rα, one of the IL-2 receptors, which drives resistance to SAHA in CTCL. We also determined that cantharidin could overcome SAHA resistance to CTCL by blocking IL-2Rα-related signaling via ROS-dependent manner. Mechanistically, accelerated translation of IL-2Rα contributes to excessive IL-2Rα protein formation as a result of reduced ROS levels in SAHA-resistant CTCL. At the same time, amplified IL-2R signals are evidenced by strengthened interaction of IL-2Rβ with IL-2Rγ and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription molecules, and by increased expression of protein kinase B (AKT)/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Moreover, cantharidin, an active constituent of Mylabris used in traditional Chinese medicine, markedly increased ROS levels, and thereby restrained IL-2Rα translation, resulting in suppression of downstream pathways in SAHA-resistant cells. Cantharidin is also found to synergize with SAHA and triggers SAHA-resistant cell death via IL-2R signaling both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionOur study uncovers a novel molecular mechanism of acquired SAHA resistance and also suggests that using cantharidin is a potential approach to overcome CTCL therapy resistance. Our findings underlie the therapeutic potential of cantharidin in treating CTCL.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumor types and remains a major clinical challenge. Increasing evidence has revealed that mitophagy inhibitors can enhance the effect of chemotherapy on HCC. However, few mitophagy inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in humans. Pyrimethamine (Pyr) is used to treat infections caused by protozoan parasites. Recent studies have reported that Pyr may be beneficial in the treatment of various tumors. However, its mechanism of action is still not clearly defined. Here, we found that blocking mitophagy sensitized cells to Pyr-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, Pyr potently induced the accumulation of autophagosomes by inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion in human HCC cells. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that Pyr blocked autophagosome-lysosome fusion by upregulating BNIP3 to inhibit synaptosomal-associated protein 29 (SNAP29)-vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8) interaction. Moreover, Pyr acted synergistically with sorafenib (Sora) to induce apoptosis and inhibit HCC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Pyr enhances the sensitivity of HCC cells to Sora, a common chemotherapeutic, by inhibiting mitophagy. Thus, these results provide new insights into the mechanism of action of Pyr and imply that Pyr could potentially be further developed as a novel mitophagy inhibitor. Notably, Pyr and Sora combination therapy could be a promising treatment for malignant HCC. [Display omitted] •Pyr regulates mitophagy by interfering with autophagosome-lysosome formation.•Pyr blocks autolysosomes formation by inhibiting SNAP29-VAMP8 interactions.•Pyr upregulates BNIP3 and induces the interaction of SNAP29 with BNIP3.•Restoration of the interaction between SNAP29 and VAMP8 by BNIP3 depletion.•Pyr enhances the sensitivity of HCC to Sora in vitro and in vivo.

To compare dry eye after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for correcting myopia. CENTRAL, Embase and PubMed were searched in November 2016. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohorts that compared dry eye after SMILE with FS-LASIK were selected. Five cohorts and one RCT were identified for comparing dry eye after SMILE (291 eyes) and FS-LASIK (277 eyes). The pooled results revealed that the SMILE and FS-LASIK groups did not differ significantly in terms of Schirmer's I test (SIT) and tear film osmolarity (TFO) at any postoperative visits. By contrast, tear break up time (TBUT; p = 0.04 for one month, p < 0.001 for three months, and p = 0.02 for six months) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI; p < 0.001 for one month and three months, and p = 0.006 for six months) were significantly worse in the FS-LASIK group than in the SMILE group at follow-up. At six months postoperatively, TBUT and TFO values in both the SMILE and FS-LASIK groups and OSDI scores in the SMILE group returned to preoperative levels, but SIT values in both groups (p = 0.02 for the SMILE group and p < 0.001 for the FS-LASIK group) and OSDI in the FS-LASIK group (p < 0.001) were still statistically impaired. Dry eye after both SMILE and FS-LASIK usually occurs transiently. SMILE does not show obvious superiority over FS-LASIK by exhibiting similar and acceptable objective parameters, and SMILE may have milder subjective symptoms.

To assess the visual effects of trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) compared to bifocal IOLs in cataract surgery, a meta-analysis of prospective comparative clinical trials (including 4 randomized controlled trials and 4 cohorts) was conducted. The defocus curves showed a better distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (VA) for the trifocal group (MD −0.07; 95% CI, −0.10 to −0.05; p  < 0.00001), while the VA outcomes showed no significant difference in distance VA (MD −0.03; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.01; p  = 0.13 for uncorrected distance VA and MD −0.00; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.01; p  = 0.78 for distance-corrected distance VA), near VA (MD −0.01; 95% CI, −0.07 to 0.04; p  = 0.68 for uncorrected near VA and MD −0.01; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.04; p  = 0.66 for distance-corrected near VA) or refraction between the two groups. Contrast sensitivity and subjective visual quality yielded less conclusive results. Overall, a patient may achieve better intermediate VA with a trifocal IOL than with a bifocal IOL without any adverse effect on distance or near VA. The findings on contrast sensitivity and subjective visual quality were heterogeneous, with no clear results favoring either option.

Ammonia (NH 3 ), a noxious gas, not merely poses a threat to human beings but also serves as a significant hydrogen carrier. The matter related to its emission is naturally highly deserving of people’s meticulous attention and in-depth research. Taking into account the substantial harm that ammonia inflicts upon the environment and the human body, the storage of ammonia is indisputably an inevitable aspect in the course of green development. Simultaneously, ammonia finds extensive applications and serves as an indispensable raw material for numerous fertilizers, food, explosives, and even medicines. When employed as a fuel, ammonia boasts numerous advantages, rendering it a widely utilized and highly promising gas. Therefore, the storage of ammonia is extremely worthy of profound exploration. Currently, the principal ammonia treatment technologies comprise adsorption, absorption, catalytic conversion, biological treatment, and plasma treatment. The research and development of adsorption materials constitutes the crucial link in ammonia gas adsorption, and the storage materials for ammonia are also highly diverse. This paper integrates a considerable number of various literatures and experiments from multiple perspectives to furnish a comprehensive summary of the current research and achievements in ammonia adsorption and desorption. The materials involved mainly consist of some metal chlorides, metal oxides, zeolites, and MOF materials. Metal chlorides are highly prone to forming amide complexes with ammonia. Metal oxides are a type of compounds composed of metal elements and oxygen elements, which are typically highly stable in nature and have wide-ranging applications in various fields. Research on the utilization of metal oxides as ammonia adsorbents has consistently been a focus for scholars in different countries. The microporous structure of zeolite is extremely well-developed, which results in an exceptionally high specific surface area. This high specific surface area provides a considerable amount of contact space for molecules, thereby significantly enhancing the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent. Graphical abstract

Using magnetic field data from the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) mission, we derive a global geomagnetic field model, which we call the CSES Global Geomagnetic Field Model (CGGM). This model describes the Earth’s magnetic main field and its linear temporal evolution over the time period between March 2018 and September 2019. As the CSES mission was not originally designed for main field modelling, we carefully assess the ability of the CSES orbits and data to provide relevant data for such a purpose. A number of issues are identified, and an appropriate modelling approach is found to mitigate these. The resulting CGGM model appears to be of high enough quality, and it is next used as a parent model to produce a main field model extrapolated to epoch 2020.0, which was eventually submitted on October 1, 2019 as one of the IGRF-13 2020 candidate models. This CGGM candidate model, the first ever produced by a Chinese-led team, is also the only one relying on a data set completely independent from that used by all other candidate models. A successful validation of this candidate model is performed by comparison with the final (now published) IGRF-13 2020 model and all other candidate models. Comparisons of the secular variation predicted by the CGGM parent model with the final IGRF-13 2020–2025 predictive secular variation also reveal a remarkable agreement. This shows that, despite their current limitations, CSES magnetic data can already be used to produce useful IGRF 2020 and 2020–2025 secular variation candidate models to contribute to the official IGRF-13 2020 and predictive secular variation models for the coming 2020–2025 time period. These very encouraging results show that additional efforts to improve the CSES magnetic data quality could make these data very useful for long-term monitoring of the main field and possibly other magnetic field sources, in complement to the data provided by missions such as the ESA Swarm mission.

Temperature-adaptive elastic conductive fibers (ECFs) are crucial for seamlessly integrating electronic textiles, promoting the development of wearables, soft robotics, and high/low-temperature electronics. Realizing ECFs with balanced elasticity, conductivity, and temperature adaptivity remains challenging due to the difficulty of coupling the mechano-electrical-thermal properties at a microscale fiber. We design a wet-spun ECF consisting of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), silver flakes (AgFKs) and liquid metal microspheres (LMMSs) with regularly arranged filler architecture, revealing a cold/thermal stretching activated tricomponent-dynamic-coordination mechanism for autonomously-enhanced electrical conductivity (from ~1070 S cm −1 at 25 °C to 1160 S cm −1 at −30 °C and 3020 S cm −1 at 180 °C) and improved electrical stability to sustain 1000 stretching cycles (60% strain at 80 °C). The fiber exhibits scalability and favorable knittability, demonstrating e-textiles such as biomedical electrodes, high/low-temperature near-field communication gloves, and intelligent firefighting suits. The autonomous mechano-thermo-electrical coupling strategy can inspire high-performance and environment-adaptive ECFs for extreme applications. Temperature-adaptive elastic conductive fibers are crucial for developing electronic textiles, though balancing elasticity, conductivity and adaptivity is challenging. Here the authors design an elastic conductive fiber utilizing thermoplastic polyurethane, silver flakes, and liquid metal microspheres incorporated into wearable electronics.

In sharp contrast to photocatalysis and other prevalent catalytic technologies, tribocatalysis has emerged as a promising technology to degrade high-concentration organic dyes in recent years. In this study, BaTiO3 (BTO) nanoparticles were challenged to degrade methyl orange (MO) solutions with unprecedentedly high concentrations through magnetic stirring. With BTO nanoparticles and home-made PTFE magnetic rotary disks in 50 mg/L MO solutions, 10 h of magnetic stirring resulted in 91.4% and 98.1% degradations in an as-received glass beaker and in a beaker with a PTFE disk coated on its bottom, respectively. Even for 100 mg/L MO solutions, nearly complete degradation was achieved by magnetic-stirring-stimulated BTO nanoparticles in beakers with the following four kinds of bottom: 97.3% degradation in 30 h for a glass bottom, 97.4% degradation in 20 h for a PTFE coating, 97.9% degradation in 42 h for a Ti coating, and 97.4% degradation in 74 h for an Al2O3 coating. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses revealed that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by magnetic-stirring-stimulated BTO nanoparticles is dramatically affected by the bottom material of beakers. These findings suggest an appealing prospect for BTO nanoparticles to utilize mechanical energy for sustainable water remediation.