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Military buildings usually contain defensive features, e.g. walls, castles, fortresses, bent entrances, and tunnels. All are employed to resist any possible attack. The secular structures - with their commercial and residential types - are also provided with similar elements. However, the purpose of these elements is slightly different; they were employed to secure the inhabitants and to observe the oriental traditions. This research presents a brief explanation of each feature applied to Islamic medieval buildings to secure them. Examples are: bent entrances, secret entries, tunnels, secluded rooms and cabinets. This part is followed with a description of architectural planning of some monuments from Mamluk and Ottoman epochs. Special attention will be paid to the security means included. This research aims at: 1. Emphasizing the impact of the Arab and Islamic traditions in secular structure planning 2. Drawing the .attention to the necessity of caring for some monumental structures which have unfortunately been afflicted with demolition and negligence

Islamic art was characterized by several features, such as the artists' aspire to embellish their structures and practical master pieces with all decorative types, such as living beings, geometrical, graphical and floral motifs. However, when Islamic religion prohibited the applying of living beings, the geometrical, graphical and floral ornaments became lavishly applied. Applying such ornaments in architecture; this research is concerned with the floral ornaments that have been found embellishing the entrances' masses of the Ottoman epoch structures in Cairo. This research is divided into an introduction, three main items, followed by a conclusion, beside some figures. -The introduction: encloses an outline of floral motifs and their different shapes that were applied on entrances of the Ottoman epoch structures; -Item I: encloses the actual style of the applied floral ornaments ; -Item II: encloses the modified style of the applied floral ornaments; -Item III: encloses a brief description of the places where floral motifs were applied to Ottoman structures