Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
17
result(s) for
"Zou, Chuanwei"
Sort by:
The Theory of Internet Finance
Internet based technologies, such as mobile payments, social networks, search engines and cloud computation, will lead to a paradigm shift in financial sector. Beside indirect financing via commercial banks and direct financing through security markets, a third way to conduct financial activities will emerge, which we call “internet finance”. This paper presents a detailed analysis of payment, information processing and resource allocation under internet finance.
Journal Article
The Interactions among Housing Price, Inflation and Monetary Policy in China： Facts and Implications
As a transition economy, China has unique characteristics regarding housing price, inflation and monetary policies. In addition to supply and demand powers, China＇s housing price is affected by demographic structure, fiscal system and land supply system. Using China＇s statistics from 2005 to 2011, this paper found empirically that （1） liquidity has a significant impact on China＇s housing prices and inflation; （2） China＇s negative real interest rate has pushed up housing price; （3） price-related instrument of monetary policy can curb housing price and is more effective than control of money supply.
Journal Article
Flashot: A Snapshot of Flash Loan Attack on DeFi Ecosystem
Flash Loan attack can grab millions of dollars from decentralized vaults in one single transaction, drawing increasing attention from the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) players. It has also demonstrated an exciting opportunity that a huge wealth could be created by composing DeFi's building blocks and exploring the arbitrage change. However, a fundamental framework to study the field of DeFi has not yet reached a consensus and there's a lack of standard tools or languages to help better describe, design and improve the running processes of the infant DeFi systems, which naturally makes it harder to understand the basic principles behind the complexity of Flash Loan attacks. In this paper, we are the first to propose Flashot, a prototype that is able to transparently illustrate the precise asset flows intertwined with smart contracts in a standardized diagram for each Flash Loan event. Some use cases are shown and specifically, based on Flashot, we study a typical Pump and Arbitrage case and present in-depth economic explanations to the attacker's behaviors. Finally, we conclude the development trends of Flash Loan attacks and discuss the great impact on DeFi ecosystem brought by Flash Loan. We envision a brand new quantitative financial industry powered by highly efficient automatic risk and profit detection systems based on the blockchain.
Paper
Flashot: A Snapshot of Flash Loan Attack on DeFi Ecosystem
Flash Loan attack can grab millions of dollars from decentralized vaults in one single transaction, drawing increasing attention from the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) players. It has also demonstrated an exciting opportunity that a huge wealth could be created by composing DeFi's building blocks and exploring the arbitrage change. However, a fundamental framework to study the field of DeFi has not yet reached a consensus and there's a lack of standard tools or languages to help better describe, design and improve the running processes of the infant DeFi systems, which naturally makes it harder to understand the basic principles behind the complexity of Flash Loan attacks. In this paper, we are the first to propose Flashot, a prototype that is able to transparently illustrate the precise asset flows intertwined with smart contracts in a standardized diagram for each Flash Loan event. Some use cases are shown and specifically, based on Flashot, we study a typical Pump and Arbitrage case and present in-depth economic explanations to the attacker's behaviors. Finally, we conclude the development trends of Flash Loan attacks and discuss the great impact on DeFi ecosystem brought by Flash Loan. We envision a brand new quantitative financial industry powered by highly efficient automatic risk and profit detection systems based on the blockchain.
Paper
Topological superfluids with finite-momentum pairing and Majorana fermions
Majorana fermions (MFs), quantum particles that are their own antiparticles, are not only of fundamental importance in elementary particle physics and dark matter, but also building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Recently MFs have been intensively studied in solid state and cold atomic systems. These studies are generally based on superconducting pairing with zero total momentum. On the other hand, finite total momentum Cooper pairings, known as Fulde–Ferrell (FF) Larkin–Ovchinnikov (LO) states, were widely studied in many branches of physics. However, whether FF and LO superconductors can support MFs has not been explored. Here we show that MFs can exist in certain types of gapped FF states, yielding a new quantum matter: topological FF superfluids/superconductors. We demonstrate the existence of such topological FF superfluids and the associated MFs using spin–orbit-coupled degenerate Fermi gases and derive their parameter regions. The implementation of topological FF superconductors in semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures is also discussed.
Cold atom systems are a playground for new quantum phenomena, one of which might be Majorana fermions – particles that are their own antiparticles. Qu et al. show how a topological superfluid with Fulde–Ferrell pairing might emerge in a spin–orbit-coupled degenerate gas, which could support Majorana fermions.
Journal Article
Apigenin promotes melanogenesis and melanosome transport through the c-KIT/Raf-1/MAPK/CREB pathway in HEMCs
Apigenin, a natural flavonoid with well-established antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, has recently attracted attention for its pigmentation-promoting effects. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving its melanogenic activity remain incompletely understood.
To investigate apigenin's effects on melanogenesis, human epidermal melanocytes (HEMCs), zebrafish embryos, and human skin explants were treated with apigenin. Melanin content, dendrite formation, and melanosome maturation were evaluated using spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy. Key signaling molecules and proteins involved in melanogenesis and melanosome transport were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The role of the c-KIT receptor was further explored through pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown approaches. Functional pigmentation was evaluated by assessing UVB-induced DNA damage markers.
Apigenin (10 μM) significantly increased melanin production by 1.8-fold in HEMCs, enhanced dendritic morphology, and promoted stage III-IV melanosome formation. Mechanistically, apigenin induced melanogenesis independently of the MC1R/cAMP/PKA pathway by directly binding to the c-KIT receptor, activating the Raf-1/ERK/RSK cascade, and upregulating MITF. This led to elevated expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and melanosome transport proteins Rab27a and Cdc42. Inhibition or knockdown of c-KIT abrogated these effects. In vivo, apigenin restored pigmentation in PTU-induced depigmented zebrafish and increased melanin content by 1.3-fold in human skin explants. Histological analysis confirmed effective melanin transfer to keratinocytes. Additionally, apigenin-treated skin showed reduced UVB-induced DNA damage, indicating enhanced photoprotection.
These findings demonstrate that apigenin stimulates melanogenesis through a novel c-KIT-dependent signaling pathway and promotes functional pigmentation with photoprotective benefits. Given its dietary origin, favorable safety profile, and multifaceted mechanisms, apigenin holds promise as a therapeutic agent for vitiligo and a natural pigmentation enhancer for dermatological use.
Journal Article
Transferred BCR/ABL DNA from K562 Extracellular Vesicles Causes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Immunodeficient Mice
Our previous study showed that besides mRNAs and microRNAs, there are DNA fragments within extracellular vesicles (EVs). The BCR/ABL hybrid gene, involved in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), could be transferred from K562 EVs to neutrophils and decrease their phagocytic activity in vitro. Our present study provides evidence that BCR/ABL DNAs transferred from EVs have pathophysiological significance in vivo. Two months after injection of K562 EVs into the tail vein of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, they showed some characteristics of CML, e.g., feeble, febrile, and thin, with splenomegaly and neutrophilia but with reduced neutrophil phagocytic activity. These findings were also observed in immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice treated with K562 EVs; BCR/ABL mRNA and protein were found in their neutrophils. The administration of actinomycin D, an inhibitor of de novo mRNA synthesis, prevented the abnormalities caused by K562 EVs in NOD/SCID mice related to CML, including neutrophilia and bone marrow hyperplasia. As a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, imatinib blocked the activity of tyrosine kinases and the expression of phospho-Crkl, induced by the de novo BCR/ABL protein caused by K562 EVs bearing BCR/ABL DNA. Our current study shows the pathophysiological significance of transferred tumor gene from EVs in vivo, which may represent an important mechanism for tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis.
Journal Article
FFLO Superfluids in 2D Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gases
We show that the combination of spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman field in a two-dimensional degenerate Fermi gas can lead to a larger parameter region for Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases than that using spin-imbalanced Fermi gases. The resulting FFLO superfluids are also more stable due to the enhanced energy difference between FFLO and conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) excited states. We clarify the crucial role of the symmetry of Fermi surface on the formation of finite momentum pairing. The phase diagram for FFLO superfluids is obtained in the BCS-BEC crossover region and possible experimental observations of FFLO phases are discussed.
Journal Article
Wear-Resistant Surfacing Layer Preparated by High Efficiency Twin-Wire Indirect Arc Welding
Twin-wire indirect arc welding (TWIAW) is a novel welding technology with high deposition efficiency and low dilution rate, which is especially suitable for wear-resistant surfacing. In this study, wear-resistant surfacing layer was prepareted on low-carbon steel using flux cored wire by TWIAW. The influence of welding parameters on droplet transition and the surfacing layers property were studied. In the TWIAW process, due to rapidly solidification of the weld pool, wear-resistant reinforced phase synthesized through metallurgical reaction mainly finished in the droplet transfer stage using the welding arc. The welding parameters not only affected the droplet transfer frequency and size, but also affected the microstructure of the surfacing layer. The main reinforcing phase in the surfacing layer was chromium carbide. \"Lean carbon\" phenomenon could be observed along the grain boundary in the matrix when the welding current was small. The increasing of the welding current could prompt the metallurgical reaction. The wear resistance of the surfacing layers depends on the distribution of the chromium carbide and the matrix microstructure.
Journal Article