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The linear relationship of the original grey prediction model is too single, and the original grey prediction model does not consider the time delay of the effect of the current input parameters on the output parameters. In order to solve these problems, the interval grey number sequence is taken as the modelling sequence of the model, and the nonlinear parameter γ and the time-delay parameter τ are introduced into the multivariate grey prediction model, so as to construct the nonlinear time-delay multivariable grey prediction model for interval grey number. In view of the uncertain characteristics of the smog index data, this paper applies the improved model to the simulation and prediction of the smog index data. Compared with the original model, the results show that the prediction effect of the model proposed in this paper is superior to the original model in terms of its effectiveness and feasibility.

As a new disease, communities possess little natural immunity to COVID-19 and vaccines are considered critical to preventing and reducing the incidence of severe illness. This study, inspired by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), examines the relationship between citizens' threat appraisal, coping appraisal, subjective norms, negative affect, and their COVID-19 vaccination intentions. A sample of 340 citizens from two main cities in Mainland China, Xi'an and Wuxi, was used for data analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed with latent and observed variables to test hypotheses. Data were analyzed using AMOS 24.0. Several findings extend current understanding. Firstly, our proposed model explains 73% of the variance in vaccination intentions. Secondly, perceived severity only indirectly shapes COVID-19 vaccination intentions through negative affect. Thirdly, negative affect and response costs are negatively related to COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Finally, Perceived probability, subjective norms, response efficacy and self-efficacy are positively related to COVID-19 vaccination intentions; among them, self-efficacy contributes the most, followed by response efficacy and subjective norms, and lastly perceived probability. Theoretically, this study increases current understanding about subjective norms and affective responses. We provoke a certain amount of thought about the role of affect response in relation to threat appraisal and vaccination intentions. Specifically, governments must be vigilant that citizens' negative affect, such as fear, may cause vaccine hesitation.

To investigate the duration of humoral immune response in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, we conduct a 12-month longitudinal study through collecting a total of 1,782 plasma samples from 869 convalescent plasma donors in Wuhan, China and test specific antibody responses. The results show that positive rate of IgG antibody against receptor-binding domain of spike protein (RBD-IgG) to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors exceeded 70% for 12 months post diagnosis. The level of RBD-IgG decreases with time, with the titer stabilizing at 35.7% of the initial level by the 9th month. Moreover, male plasma donors produce more RBD-IgG than female, and age of the patients positively correlates with the RBD-IgG titer. A strong positive correlation between RBD-IgG and neutralizing antibody titers is also identified. These results facilitate our understanding of SARS-CoV-2-induced immune memory to promote vaccine and therapy development. COVID-19 pandemic is a global health risk, but our understanding on the induced durable immunity remains scarce. Here the authors assess antibody responses in 869 convalescent COVID-19 patients to find that specific antibody titers reduce with time, and the RBD-IgG positive rate exceed 70% at 12 month post diagnosis, with male and older patients showing stronger responses.

Modulation recognition methods with real-valued deep network models fail to fully leverage the complex nature of in-phase/quadrature(I/Q) signals. Automatic modulation recognition based on complex-valued operations has attracted the attention of researchers. A Complex-valued hybrid deep learning models for automatic modulation recognition is proposed, which is named CCTL-Net. The CCTL-Net employs a complex-valued Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract local features from I/Q signals, thereby effectively preserving the complex-related information inherent to I/Q signals. To enhance the correlation of different channels with CNN, a complex-valued Squeeze-and-Excitation module is designed. The complex-valued Transformer and complex-valued LSTM are employed to extract global features from both the attention and temporal relation perspectives. To reduce mode complexity, a light model with smaller channels and complex-valued 1D convolutional networks was designed. CCTL-Net achieved average accuracy rates of 70.71% and 62.97% on the RML22 and RML2016.10a datasets, respectively. Compared with real-valued hybrid model and complex-valued convolutional networks, the experimental results show that CCTL-Net can improve recognition accuracy under lower complexity conditions.

Purpose This study aims to understand the quality of life (QOL) among Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants and explore the factors that contribute to and shape SSA migrants’ QOL and shed light on how post-migration factors affect their QOL in China. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey on QOL of SSA migrants in China from August, 2019 to November, 2019. We recruited SSA migrants using a combination of peer-referred online and offline surveys. The WHOQOL-BREF scale assessed the QOL of participants, and depressive symptoms were measured using Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Correlates of well-being including depressive symptoms, migration-related factors, and socio-demographic characteristics were included in hierarchical linear regression models to explore the contributions of these factors on QOL of SSA migrants. Results This study included 928 eligible SSA migrants. The total score of the WHOQOL-BREF scale was 66.8 ± 14.0. Attitudes of local people toward SSA migrants ( β  = 3.1, 95% CI 2.4, 3.0) and satisfaction with their living conditions ( β  = 3.6, 95% CI 2.5, 4.7) were positively associated with QOL and explained 12.2% of the variance. Contracting an infectious disease in the past year ( β  = − 5.3, 95% CI − 7.6, − 2.9) and depression werenegatively associated with QOL ( β  = − 0.7, 95% CI − 0.7, − 0.6) and explained 24.4% of the variance. Conclusion Our study underscores the importance of several key factors that may aid in the improvement of QOL among SSA migrants. Post-migration environmental factors emerged as key correlates of QOL, which builds on previous evidence that the post-migration context should be improved to safeguard the well-being of SSA migrants in China.

Glycosylation plays critical roles in various biological processes and is closely related to diseases. Deciphering the glycocode in diverse cells and tissues offers opportunities to develop new disease biomarkers and more effective recombinant therapeutics. In the past few decades, with the development of glycobiology, glycomics, and glycoproteomics technologies, a large amount of glycoscience data has been generated. Subsequently, a number of glycobiology databases covering glycan structure, the glycosylation sites, the protein scaffolds, and related glycogenes have been developed to store, analyze, and integrate these data. However, these databases and tools are not well known or widely used by the public, including clinicians and other researchers who are not in the field of glycobiology, but are interested in glycoproteins. In this study, the representative databases of glycan structure, glycoprotein, glycan–protein interactions, glycogenes, and the newly developed bioinformatic tools and integrated portal for glycoproteomics are reviewed. We hope this overview could assist readers in searching for information on glycoproteins of interest, and promote further clinical application of glycobiology.

To inform policy and implementation that can enhance prevention and improve tuberculosis (TB) care cascade outcomes, this review aimed to summarize the impact of various interventions on care cascade outcomes for active TB. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we retrieved English articles with comparator arms (like randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and before and after intervention studies) that evaluated TB interventions published from January 1970 to September 30, 2022, from Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane library. Commentaries, qualitative studies, conference abstracts, studies without standard of care comparator arms, and studies that did not report quantitative results for TB care cascade outcomes were excluded. Data from studies with similar comparator arms were pooled in a random effects model, and outcomes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and number of studies (k). The quality of evidence was appraised using GRADE, and the study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018103331). Of 21,548 deduplicated studies, 144 eligible studies were included. Of 144 studies, 128 were from low/middle-income countries, 84 were RCTs, and 25 integrated TB and HIV care. Counselling and education was significantly associated with testing (OR = 8.82, 95% CI:1.71 to 45.43; I2 = 99.9%, k = 7), diagnosis (OR = 1.44, 95% CI:1.08 to 1.92; I2 = 97.6%, k = 9), linkage to care (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.97 to 4.86; I2 = 0%, k = 1), cure (OR = 2.08, 95% CI:1.11 to 3.88; I2 = 76.7%, k = 4), treatment completion (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.03; I2 = 73.1%, k = 8), and treatment success (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.88 to 5.55; I2 = 75.9%, k = 5) outcomes compared to standard-of-care. Incentives, multisector collaborations, and community-based interventions were associated with at least three TB care cascade outcomes; digital interventions and mixed interventions were associated with an increased likelihood of two cascade outcomes each. These findings remained salient when studies were limited to RCTs only. Also, our study does not cover the entire care cascade as we did not measure gaps in pre-testing, pretreatment, and post-treatment outcomes (like loss to follow-up and TB recurrence). Among TB interventions, education and counseling, incentives, community-based interventions, and mixed interventions were associated with multiple active TB care cascade outcomes. However, cost-effectiveness and local-setting contexts should be considered when choosing such strategies due to their high heterogeneity.

Highway construction in China has bolstered Chinese claims of having the longest highways in the world, yet it has led to the involuntary relocation and resettlement of millions of people all over China. This study examines the interplay of power relationships in modernity and ethnic cultures. Using interviews with 201 Zhuang ethnic minority people and participant observations from two years in the Southwest of China, this paper presents findings that show both the positive and negative effects of urbanization and modernization as the consequence of highway expansion. By discussing the removal of a religious Sacred Rock which was in the way of the highway construction, the authors reveal the subtleties of the power interplay of majority–minority relations and the meanings of cultures and rituals in the face of modernity. In the process of modernization, highway construction reconstructs new communities while deconstructing the old one. The authors argue that recognizing the meanings of ethnic cultures as defined by ethnic people themselves is the first step to the reconciliation of social relationships between the majority and minority people in created new communities. To enhance social integration, religion has an important role to play in Chinese society.

Background The growth and development of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are significant events known to affect muscle plasticity, disease, meat production, and meat quality, which involves the types and functions of mRNA and non-coding RNA. Here, MuSCs were cultured from Guangxi fetal cattle. RNA sequencing was used to analyze the RNA expression of mRNA and non-coding RNAs during the cell proliferation and differentiation phases. Results Two thousand one hundred forty-eight mRNAs and 888 non-coding RNAs were differentially expressed between cell proliferation and differentiation phases, including 113 miRNAs, 662 lncRNAs, and 113 circRNAs. RT-qPCR verified the differential expression levels of mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, and the differentially expressed circUBE2Q2 was subsequently characterized. Expression profile analysis revealed that circUBE2Q2 was abundant in muscle tissues and intramuscular fat. The expression of cricUBE2Q2 was also significantly upregulated during MuSCs myogenic differentiation and SVFs adipogenic differentiation and decreased with age in cattle muscle tissue. Finally, the molecular mechanism of circUBE2Q2 regulating MuSCs function that affects skeletal muscle development was investigated. The results showed that circUBE2Q2 could serve as a sponge for miR-133a, significantly promoting differentiation and apoptosis of cultured MuSCs, and inhibiting proliferation of MuSCs. Conclusions CircUBE2Q2 is associated with muscle growth and development and induces MuSCs myogenic differentiation through sponging miR-133a. This study will provide new clues for the mechanisms by which mRNAs and non-coding RNAs regulate skeletal muscle growth and development, affecting muscle quality and diseases.

The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly because of its high rate of metastasis. Thus, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC metastasis is of great significance. Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification that is closely associated with tumor progression. Altered glycosylation including the altered sialylation resulting from aberrant expression of β-galactoside α2,6 sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) has long been considered as an important feature of cancer cells. However, there is limited information on the roles of ST6GAL1 and α2,6 sialylation in HCC metastasis. Here, we found that ST6GAL1 and α2,6 sialylation were negatively correlated with the metastatic potentials of HCC cells. Moreover, ST6GAL1 overexpression inhibited migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and suppressed HCC metastasis in vivo. Using a metabolic labeling-based glycoproteomic strategy, we identified a list of sialylated proteins that may be regulated by ST6GAL1. In particular, an increase in α2,6 sialylation of melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) inhibited its interaction with galectin-3 and decreased its expression on cell surface. In vitro and in vivo analysis showed that ST6GAL1 exerted its function in HCC metastasis by regulating MCAM expression. Finally, we found the relative intensity of sialylated MCAM was negatively correlated with tumor malignancy in HCC patients. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ST6GAL1 may be an HCC metastasis suppressor by affecting sialylation of MCAM on cell surface, which provides a novel insight into the roles of ST6GAL1 in HCC progression and supports the functional complexity of ST6GAL1 in a cancer type- and tissue type-specific manner.