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Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death, and it is characterized by iron-dependent oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Notable studies have revealed that ferroptosis plays vital roles in tumor occurrence and that abundant ferroptosis in cells can inhibit tumor progression. Recently, some noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have been shown to be involved in biological processes of ferroptosis, thus affecting cancer growth. However, the definite regulatory mechanism of this phenomenon is still unclear. To clarify this issue, increasing studies have focused on the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in the initiation and development of ferroptosis and the role of ferroptosis in progression of various cancers, such as lung, liver, and breast cancers. In this review, we systematically summarized the relationship between ferroptosis-associated ncRNAs and cancer progression. Moreover, additional evidence is needed to identify the role of ferroptosis-related ncRNAs in cancer progression. This review will help us to understand the roles of ncRNAs in ferroptosis and cancer progression and may provide new ideas for exploring novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for cancer in the future.

Lithium-sulfur batteries have theoretical specific energy higher than state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. However, from a practical perspective, these batteries exhibit poor cycle life and low energy content owing to the polysulfides shuttling during cycling. To tackle these issues, researchers proposed the use of redox-inactive protective layers between the sulfur-containing cathode and lithium metal anode. However, these interlayers provide additional weight to the cell, thus, decreasing the practical specific energy. Here, we report the development and testing of redox-active interlayers consisting of sulfur-impregnated polar ordered mesoporous silica. Differently from redox-inactive interlayers, these redox-active interlayers enable the electrochemical reactivation of the soluble polysulfides, protect the lithium metal electrode from detrimental reactions via silica-polysulfide polar-polar interactions and increase the cell capacity. Indeed, when tested in a non-aqueous Li-S coin cell configuration, the use of the interlayer enables an initial discharge capacity of about 8.5 mAh cm −2 (for a total sulfur mass loading of 10 mg cm −2 ) and a discharge capacity retention of about 64 % after 700 cycles at 335 mA g −1 and 25 °C. Lithium-sulfur batteries promise high energy density, but polysulfide shuttling acts as a major stumbling block toward practical development. Here, a redox-active interlayer is proposed to confine polysulfides, increase the cell capacity and improve cell cycle life.

Background To investigate predictors of postoperative acute intracranial hemorrhage (AIH) and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after burr hole drainage. Methods A multicenter retrospective study of patients who underwent burr hole drainage for CSDH between January 2013 and March 2019. Results A total of 448 CSDH patients were enrolled in the study. CSDH recurrence occurred in 60 patients, with a recurrence rate of 13.4%. The mean time interval between initial burr hole drainage and recurrence was 40.8 ± 28.3 days. Postoperative AIH developed in 23 patients, with an incidence of 5.1%. The mean time interval between initial burr hole drainage and postoperative AIH was 4.7 ± 2.9 days. Bilateral hematoma, hyperdense hematoma and anticoagulant drug use were independent predictors of recurrence in the multiple logistic regression analyses. Preoperative headache was an independent risk factor of postoperative AIH in the multiple logistic regression analyses, however, intraoperative irrigation reduced the incidence of postoperative AIH. Conclusions This study found that bilateral hematoma, hyperdense hematoma and anticoagulant drug use were independently associated with CSDH recurrence. Clinical presentation of headache was the strongest predictor of postoperative AIH, and intraoperative irrigation decreased the incidence of postoperative AIH.

Objectives Accurate preoperative discrimination of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) stromal subtypes is essential for therapeutic plannings. We aimed to establish and test machine learning (ML) models for classification of stromal subtypes in SPA based on ultrasound histogram analysis. Methods A total of 256 SPA patients were enrolled in the study and categorized into two groups: stroma-low and stroma-high. The dataset was split into a training cohort with 177 patients and a validation cohort with 79 patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression identified optimal features, which were then utilized to build predictive models using logistic regression (LR) and eight ML algorithms. The effectiveness of the models was evaluated using a range of performance metrics, with a particular focus on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results After LASSO regression, six key features (lesion size, shape, cystic areas, vascularity, mean, and skewness) were selected to develop predictive models. The AUCs ranged from 0.575 to 0.827 for the nine models. The support vector machine (SVM) algorithm achieved the highest performance with an AUC of 0.827, accompanied by an accuracy of 0.798, precision of 0.792, recall of 0.862, and an F1 score of 0.826. The LR algorithm also exhibited robust performance, achieving an AUC of 0.818, slightly trailing behind the SVM algorithm. Decision curve analysis indicated that the SVM-based model provided superior clinical utility compared to other models. Conclusions The ML model based on ultrasound histogram analysis offers a precise and non-invasive approach for preoperative categorization of stromal subtypes in SPA.

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is considered a hub of reward processing and a growing body of evidence has suggested its crucial role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, inconsistent results have been reported by studies on reward network-focused resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). In this study, we examined functional alterations of the NAc-based reward circuits in patients with MDD via meta- and mega-analysis. First, we performed a coordinated-based meta-analysis with a new SDM-PSI method for all up-to-date rs-fMRI studies that focused on the reward circuits of patients with MDD. Then, we tested the meta-analysis results in the REST-meta-MDD database which provided anonymous rs-fMRI data from 186 recurrent MDDs and 465 healthy controls. Decreased functional connectivity (FC) within the reward system in patients with recurrent MDD was the most robust finding in this study. We also found disrupted NAc FCs in the DMN in patients with recurrent MDD compared with healthy controls. Specifically, the combination of disrupted NAc FCs within the reward network could discriminate patients with recurrent MDD from healthy controls with an optimal accuracy of 74.7%. This study confirmed the critical role of decreased FC in the reward network in the neuropathology of MDD. Disrupted inter-network connectivity between the reward network and DMN may also have contributed to the neural mechanisms of MDD. These abnormalities have potential to serve as brain-based biomarkers for individual diagnosis to differentiate patients with recurrent MDD from healthy controls.

Objectives Cervical lymph node (CLN) status is an important factor for the patients with major salivary gland carcinomas (MSGCs) with respect to the surgical methods, prognosis, and recurrence. Our aim is to develop a risk model that incorporates clinicopathological and ultrasound (US) features to predict the cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in MSGCs. Methods Retrospective data were gathered for 111 patients with MSGCs who underwent surgical treatment and US examinations at our institution from January 2016 to December 2022. Their clinicopathological and US data were documented and analyzed. Independent predictors predicting CLNM in MSGCs were screened through univariate and multivariate analysis. The nomogram model were built based on independent predictors using logistic regression. The evaluation of the model's performance was then conducted. Results The clinicopathological and US factors of patient age, lesion size, US reported CLN-positive, histological type, and histological grade were identified as independent predictors for predicting CLNM in MSGCs. The nomogram model, which integrated these predictive factors, achieved an AUC of 0.923 (95% CI: 0.869 ~ 0.977), demonstrating good predictive performance and calibration. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve further confirmed its clinical usefulness. Conclusions The nomogram model we developed holds the potential to predict CLNM in MSGCs preoperatively, thereby enabling the provision of more precise therapeutic strategies.

Background Open tibial fractures often include severe bone loss and soft tissue defects and requires complex reconstructive operations. However, the optimal treatment is unclear. Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with Gustilo type III open tibial fractures from January 2018 to January 2021 to assess the clinical utility of Masquelet technique together with microsurgical technique as a combined strategy for the treatment of open tibial fractures. The demographics and clinical outcomes including bone union time, infection, nonunion and other complications were recorded for analysis. The bone recovery quality was evaluated by the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale score and the Paley criteria. Results We enrolled 10 patients, the mean age of the patients and length of bone defects were 31.7 years (range, 23–45 years) and 7.5 cm (range, 4.5–10 cm) respectively. Bone union was achieved for all patients, with an average healing time of 12.2 months (range, 11–16 months). Seven patients exhibited a bone healing time of less than 12 months, whereas 3 patients exhibited a bone healing time exceeding 12 months. No significant correlation was found between the length of bone loss and healing time. In addition, no deep infection or nonunion was observed, although 2 patients experienced wound fat liquefaction with exudates and 1 patient presented with a bloated skin flap. The average AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale score was 80.5 (range, 74–85), and all patients were evaluated as good or exellent based on the Paley criteria. Conclusions Our study indicated that the use of the Masquelet technique and the microsurgical technique as a combined strategy is safe and effective for the treatment of Gustilo type III open tibial fractures.

In the present work, the form factors of B(s) to light P-wave tensor mesons (a2(1320), K2∗(1430), f2(1270), f2′(1525)) are calculated via the light cone sum rules (LCSR) in the framework of heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT). Firstly, the expressions of form factors in terms of the light cone distribution amplitudes (DAs) of tensor mesons are derived via the LCSR at the leading order of heavy quark expansion. It is found that the penguin type form factors can be obtained directly from the corresponding semileptonic ones, which is similar to the case of S-wave mesons. Considering the light tensor meson DAs to twist-3, we give the numerical results of form factors systematically. As applications, we investigate the branching ratios, longitudinal polarization fractions and forward-backward asymmetries of relevant semileptonic decays induced by charged current and flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) separately. Our results may be tested by more precise experiments in the future.

Objective Accurate differentiation of benign and malignant breast cystic-solid lesions (BCSLs) is crucial due to the significant differences in their treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate a malignant risk prediction model for BCSLs based on clinical and ultrasound (US) features. Methods A total of 312 patients with BCSLs were enrolled and divided into a training cohort (218 cases) and a validation cohort (94 cases). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to screen the most critical clinical and US features, and a prediction model was constructed using logistic regression. Calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were applied to evaluate the model’s performance and clinical value. Results Five key features were identified through LASSO regression: age, maximum diameter, edge, calcification in the solid component, and vascularity in the solid component. A prediction model was subsequently established and visualized as a nomogram. Calibration curves demonstrated good consistency of the model. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the training and validation cohorts were 0.821 (95% CI = 0.764–0.879) and 0.837 (95% CI = 0.754–0.919), respectively. DCA indicated that the model had practical value in clinical application. Conclusion The prediction model based on clinical and US features can accurately predict the malignant risk of BCSLs and optimize clinical decision-making.

AimTo investigate the effect of the Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISC) lenses on myopia progression and choroidal thickness (ChT) of Chinese mainland children over a period of 12 months.MethodsThis was a prospective double-blind randomised controlled trial involving 84 myopic children. Subjects were randomly assigned to use of either DISC or single vision contact lens (SVL). Cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and ChT were measured at 6 and 12 months.ResultsFor 12 months, the average changes in SER and AL in the DISC group were (−0.50±0.41) D and (0.22±0.13) mm. Corresponding values in the SVL group were (−1.23±0.50) D and (0.49±0.15) mm. Myopia control efficacy in SER was 59% and 55% in AL. For those aged under 10, myopia control efficacy in SER is higher at 95% in 6 months and 71.4% in 12 months. ChT increased by 0.16±24.46 µm in the DISC group, while in contrast, it thinned in the SVL group (−9.11±32.25 µm) after 12 months. ChT changes demonstrated a significant negative association with AL over 12 months in the DISC group but not in the SVL group. In contrast, ChT change over 12 months was significantly negatively associated with initial ChT in the SVL group, but not in the DISC group.ConclusionsDISC lenses effectively slowed myopia progression and AL compared with SVL, especially for younger children. Myopia defocus treatment changes the original intrinsic relationship between ChT and myopia progression, providing strong evidence that myopia defocus design controls myopia progression by changing ChT.