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The chrysanthemum is one of the main ornamental species in the world. It has great relevance in the market. Aphids are the main pests that affect the chrysanthemum crop and cause various types of damage to this plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different cropping systems using photoselective screens on the population density of aphids in cut chrysanthemum. The study was carried out in an experimental area of the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo – Campus Itapina (Brazil) in a randomized complete block design, according to the split-plot scheme over time. The experiment was established in 3 blocks of 12 m in length with plots of 3 m containing different photoselective screens (red, silver, and black) and the control treatment (open field). Repeated evaluations at different times were done at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 d. Data were checked for normality and homoscedasticity and submitted to the Tukey’s test (P<0.05) and a non-parametric method of smoothing a dispersion graph with local weight (LOESS regression). Regardless of the color of the photoselective screen, there was a lower incidence of aphids compared to the open field treatment in the chrysanthemum culture with an average reduction of 84%. For the different sampling times, the Tukey test did not show significant differences between the means of aphid incidence in the evaluated period. Black, red, and silver photoselective screens promoted significant reductions in aphid populations in chrysanthemums of the variety Zembla in the environmental conditions of southeastern Brazil.

Objective: The objective of this work was to produce an enzymatic extract of Beauveria bassiana and to evaluate its efficacy in the mortality of adult females of Olygonicocus ilicis and in the inhibition of the hatching of their egg larvae of this mite.   Theoretical Framework: Managing the red coffee mite (Oligonychus ilicis) poses a challenge for farmers due to the damage caused by this pest. Promising solutions have been explored to address this problem, such as the use of entomopathogenic fungi, particularly the species Beauveria bassiana. These fungi have a high potential for producing and releasing enzymes with acaricidal properties.   Method: Fungal conidia were obtained using the commercial product Boveril® and used to create a spore suspension in sterile distilled water. From this suspension, enzymatic extracts were generated and stored at 4°C after undergoing filtration and centrifugation. These enzymatic extracts were applied to adult female O. ilicis at 50% and 100% concentrations and were applied to ovipositions in a second set of evaluations. Application was performed using an Alfa 2 airbrush connected to a compressor calibrated at a constant pressure of 1.3 bar.   Results and Discussion: Extracts of B. bassiana, diluted or not, caused 100% mortality in adult females of O. ilicis, and inhibited 100% of the egg hatching of this mite.   Research Implications: Enzymatic extracts of B. bassiana were effective in causing mortality in adult females and reducing the egg hatching of this mite, being promising for the sustainable management of the red coffee mite.   Originality/Value: This content contributes significantly to fields such as alternative agricultural pest management and sustainable practices, encouraging a transformation in the way farmers adopt more conscious attitudes.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal potential of the aqueous extract obtained from the ripe peels of Citrus limon on adults of Raoiella indica.   Theoretical Reference: R. indica is a phytophagous mite that primarily attacks plants of the Arecaceae family. As it is considered a relatively new pest in Brazil, there are few control methods available, with synthetic chemical control being the primary one.   Method: The ripe peels of C. limon were dried and ground into a fine powder, which was used to formulate extract concentrations of 0.00, 1.00, 1.64, 2.70, 4.44, 7.30, and 12.00%. The extracts were sprayed on 12 adult females of R. indica per experimental unit, with 7 repetitions for each concentration. Mortality was assessed at 24, 48, and 72 hours after spraying.   Results and Conclusion: The mortality of R. indica increased as the concentrations of the ripe peel extract of C. limon increased, reaching 88% for the highest concentration after 72 hours of application.   Research Implications: The aqueous extract of ripe peels of C. limon demonstrated acaricidal efficiency against R. indica under controlled conditions.   Originality/Value: This work adds value to the study of alternative methods of agricultural pest control, as a means of promoting more economically and ecologically sustainable management.

Objective: To evaluate the acaricidal potential of papaya fruit seed (C. papaya L.) extracts at different phenological stages of development on the red palm mite.   Methods: Extracts from green and ripe seeds, diluted at different concentrations, were sprayed on adult mites in a completely randomized design using Petri dishes with discs of dwarf coconut leaf. The acaricidal effect was assessed at intervals of 12 hours up to 72 hours after spraying.   Results and Conclusion: The mortality of Roiella indica was proportional to the increase in extract concentrations for both green and ripe papaya fruit seeds. It was concluded that aqueous extracts from green and ripe papaya fruit seeds exhibit acaricidal activity against adult red palm mites under laboratory conditions.   Research Implications: Papaya seeds at different stages effectively controlled red palm mites under laboratory conditions.   Originality/Value: This research contributes by exploring the potential of an agricultural residue as a pest control agent in agriculture and demonstrating its potential for more sustainable agricultural practices. Objetivo: Avaliar o potencial acaricida de sementes de frutos de mamão (Carica papaya L.) em diferentes estádios fenológicos de desenvolvimento sobre o ácaro vermelho das palmeiras.   Métodos: Os extratos de sementes verde e maduro, diluído em diferentes concentrações, foram pulverizados sobre fêmeas adultas de ácaros em placa de Petri com discos de folha de coco anão em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O efeito acaricida foi avaliado em intervalos de 12 horas até completar 72 horas após a pulverização.   Resultado e conclusão: A mortalidade de Roiella indica foi proporcional ao aumento da concentração dos extratos para sementes de frutos de mamão verdes e maduro. Concluiu-se que os extratos aquosos de sementes de frutos verdes e maduros de mamão (C. papaya L.) apresentam atividade acaricida sobre adultos do ácaro vermelho das palmeiras, em condições de laboratório.   Implicações da pesquisa: As sementes do mamão, em diferentes estádios, controlaram o ácaro vermelho das palmeiras a condições laboratoriais.   Originalidade/valor: Esta pesquisa contribui ao explorar o potencial de um resíduo agrícola como controle de pragas na agricultura e demonstrando seu potencial para as práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis.

Plant diversity can enhance natural pest control in agriculture by providing resources and conditions that are not regularly available in conventional crops to natural enemies of crop pests. Extrafloral nectar-producing plants, for example, might cause reduction of pest densities on neighboring plants because the nectar can increase the performance of natural enemies. Coffee agroforestry systems often contain extrafloral-nectar-producing Inga spp. trees that serve several purposes. Recent studies suggest that they attract and arrest a diversity of natural enemies that contribute to the control of coffee pests. Mites from the Phytoseiid family are key natural enemies of coffee pest mites, but no study has investigated whether Inga extrafloral nectar increases the performance of predatory mites in coffee ecosystems. Thus, here, we assessed whether the extrafloral nectar of Inga edulis Mart. (Fabaceae) can be considered a suitable nutritional resource for the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant), one of the most abundant phytoseiids in coffee crops. We found that feeding on extrafloral nectar allows for development and survival, but not reproduction, of A. herbicolus . Whereas individuals that fed on a diet of nectar during their immature development could subsequently only oviposit after having fed on a pollen diet, individuals that had developed on pollen stopped ovipositing when fed nectar. Our findings suggest that interplanted Inga trees can help to conserve populations of predatory mites in crop ecosystems through the provision of nectar and may boost biological control services. Future research should investigate the effects of extrafloral nectar-producing trees on coffee pest control by these predatory mites.

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial acaricida do extrato aquoso obtido das cascas maduras de Citrus limon, em adultos de Raoiella indica. Referencial Teórico: R. indica é um ácaro fitófago que ataca principalmente plantas da família Arecaceae. Como é considerada uma praga relativamente nova no Brasil, existem poucos métodos de controle disponíveis, sendo o controle químico sintético o principal. Método: As cascas maduras de C. limon foram secas e moídas para a formação de um pó fino, o qual foi utilizado para formular as concentrações do extrato de 0,00, 1,00, 1,64, 2,70, 4,44, 7,30 e 12,00 %. Os extratos foram pulverizados em 12 fêmeas adultas de R. indica por unidade experimental, com 7 repetições para cada concentração. A mortalidade foi avaliada nos intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas após a pulverização. Resultados e Conclusão: A mortalidade de R. indica aumentou conforme as concentrações do extrato de casca madura de C. limon aumentaram, atingindo 88 % para a concentração mais alta após 72 horas da aplicação. Implicações da Pesquisa: O extrato aquoso de cascas maduras de C. limon demonstrou eficiência acaricida contra R. indica em condições controladas. Originalidade/Valor: Este trabalho agrega valor no estudo de métodos de controle alternativos de pragas agrícolas, como forma de promover um manejo mais economica e ecologicamente sustentável.

Objective: To evaluate under laboratory conditions the potential of the leaf extract of the species Ricinus communis L. regarding its insecticidal activity on nymphs of the pink mealybug and determine the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50).   Theoretical reference: Maconellicoccus hirsutus is one of the key pests of several crops and has been diagnosed in more than 350 plant species. The species was reported for the first time in Brazil in 2010 in the State of Roraima, and has since spread to other Brazilian states causing considerable economic losses to the affected areas.   Method: The castor bean leaf extract was tested on M. hirsutus insects with varying concentrations. Application was done directly using an airbrush connected to a calibrated compressor. Evaluation occurred at 24, 48, and 72-hour intervals post-application.   Results and discussion: As the dosage of the extract was increased, a significant increase in the mortality rate of mealybugs was observed. The lethal concentration for 50 % of the M. hirsutus population (LC50) was calculated at 6.14%, with a confidence interval between 5.40 % and 7.02 % (m/v).   Implications of the research: The research proposes a sustainable approach to controlling pink mealybug nymphs, using an aqueous extract of R. communis leaves.   Originality/value: This article stands out for its innovation in exploring a sustainable approach to pest control, presenting an effective alternative to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This proposal is especially relevant to promote the adoption of more sustainable agricultural practices aligned with the principles of sustainable agriculture and providing benefits for both agricultural production and the environment. Objetivo:  Avaliar em condições laboratoriais o potencial do extrato de folhas da espécie Ricinus communis  L. quanto à sua atividade inseticida sobre a cochonilha rosada e determinar a Concentração Letal 50 (CL50).   Teórico referencial:  Maconellicoccus hirsutus é uma das chaves de diversas culturas é já foi questionado em mais de 350 espécies de plantas, a espécie foi relatada pela primeira vez no Brasil em 2010 no Estado de Roraima, e desde então se prevista para outros estados brasileiros trazendo perdas econômicas para as consequências afetadas.   Método: O extrato de folhas de mamona foi testado em insetos M. hirsutus em concentrações variadas. A aplicação foi feita diretamente com aerógrafo conectado a um compressor calibrado. A avaliação ocorreu em intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas após a aplicação.   Resultados e discussão: À medida que a dosagem do extrato foi aumentada, observou-se um incremento significativo na taxa de mortalidade das cochonilhas. A concentração letal para 50% da população de M. hirsutus (CL50) foi calculada em 6,14%, com um intervalo de confiança entre 5,40% e 7,02% (m/v). a utilização do extrato aquoso é eficaz no controle de M. hirsutus tornando se uma alternativa para a redução de produtos sintéticos, de forma a reduzir impactos ambientais e aumentar os serviços ecossistêmicos.   Implicações da pesquisa: A pesquisa propõe uma abordagem sustentável para o controle de ninfas da cochonilha rosa, utilizando extrato aquoso de folhas de R. communis   Originalidade/valor: Este artigo se destaca por sua inovação ao explorar uma abordagem sustentável no controle de pragas, apresentando uma alternativa eficaz para diminuir a dependência de pesticidas químicos. Essa proposta é especialmente relevante para promover a adoção de práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis, alinhadas com os princípios da agricultura sustentável e proporcionando benefícios tanto para a produção agrícola quanto para o meio ambiente.   Palavras-chave: Manejo Alternativo, agricultura sustentável, controle alternativo, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Ricinus communis L.