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Marsupials of the genus Didelphis are highly adapted to urban environments and are widely distributed in the Americas. Streptococcus didelphis is a bacterium that has been isolated from, and associated with disease, in the Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) and the white-eared opossum ( Didelphis albiventris ). This study describes pathological changes associated with S. didelphis infection in white-eared opossums ( Didelphis albiventris ) and Brazilian common opossums ( Didelphis aurita ) as well as microbiological and genomic characterization of isolates. Ten opossums underwent necropsy and had ulcerative dermatitis of probable traumatic origin had S. didelphis was isolated from cutaneous lesions (n = 16) or systemic sites (n = 4). In contrast, 34 free-ranging opossums that were captured had negative culture results for S. didelphis from nasal swabs. Other lesions in opossums naturally infected with S. didelphihs included splenitis (7/10), myocarditis (6/10), interstitial nephritis and pyelonephritis (7/10), and myositis (4/10). Most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobial drugs tested and none of them were able to form biofilm in vitro . Whole genome analysis of six isolates revealed no resistance determinants, virulence factors or plasmids, and the isolates showed high genomic similarity.

Marsupials of the genus Didelphis are highly adapted to urban environments and are widely distributed in the Americas. Streptococcus didelphis is a bacterium that has been isolated from, and associated with disease, in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris). This study describes pathological changes associated with S. didelphis infection in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) and Brazilian common opossums (Didelphis aurita) as well as microbiological and genomic characterization of isolates. Ten opossums underwent necropsy and had ulcerative dermatitis of probable traumatic origin had S. didelphis was isolated from cutaneous lesions (n = 16) or systemic sites (n = 4). In contrast, 34 free-ranging opossums that were captured had negative culture results for S. didelphis from nasal swabs. Other lesions in opossums naturally infected with S. didelphihs included splenitis (7/10), myocarditis (6/10), interstitial nephritis and pyelonephritis (7/10), and myositis (4/10). Most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobial drugs tested and none of them were able to form biofilm in vitro. Whole genome analysis of six isolates revealed no resistance determinants, virulence factors or plasmids, and the isolates showed high genomic similarity.

Marsupials of the genus Didelphis are highly adapted to urban environments and are widely distributed in the Americas. Streptococcus didelphis is a bacterium that has been isolated from, and associated with disease, in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris). This study describes pathological changes associated with S. didelphis infection in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) and Brazilian common opossums (Didelphis aurita) as well as microbiological and genomic characterization of isolates. Ten opossums underwent necropsy and had ulcerative dermatitis of probable traumatic origin had S. didelphis was isolated from cutaneous lesions (n = 16) or systemic sites (n = 4). In contrast, 34 free-ranging opossums that were captured had negative culture results for S. didelphis from nasal swabs. Other lesions in opossums naturally infected with S. didelphihs included splenitis (7/10), myocarditis (6/10), interstitial nephritis and pyelonephritis (7/10), and myositis (4/10). Most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobial drugs tested and none of them were able to form biofilm in vitro. Whole genome analysis of six isolates revealed no resistance determinants, virulence factors or plasmids, and the isolates showed high genomic similarity.

We detected neutralizing antibodies, viral RNA, and sialic acid receptors for Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae in urban coatis (Nasua nasua) in Brazil, suggesting exposure and susceptibility. We used hemagglutination inhibition, reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and histochemistry for detection. Increased epidemiologic wildlife surveillance would improve influenza A emergency event response.

We tested coatis (Nasua nasua) living in an urban park near a densely populated area of Brazil and found natural SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant infections by using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, genomic sequencing, and serologic surveillance. We recommend a One Health strategy to improve surveillance of and response to COVID-19.

Canine distemper virus (CDV; Morbilivirus canis ) is a morbillivirus with worldwide distribution. The virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae, which includes highly pathogenic viruses such as measles virus (MeV) ( Measles virus ) and rinderpest virus ( Rinderpest morbillivirus ). Canine distemper is primarily a disease in domestic dogs, but it has been described in terrestrial and aquatic wild mammals, demonstrating the ability of CDV to cross species barriers. Here, we describe a lethal CDV outbreak in free‐ranging marmosets ( Callithrix penicillata ) in Brazil. The marmosets were captured during a targeted epidemiological surveillance program aimed at monitoring viral agents in wildlife in urban parks of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Affected marmosets presented with neurological signs, and others were found dead in the same area. In this report, we detail the occurrence of the outbreak and describe clinical manifestations, gross and histopathological lesions, tissue distribution of the virus by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular methods, and phylogenetic analyses of the virus. This study demonstrated that CDV can infect free‐ranging black‐tufted marmosets and lead to neurologic signs, cutaneous lesions, and death. Viral genomic sequences and antigens were detected in several organs, indicating a pantropic distribution of CDV in this neotropical primate species. Additionally, the marmosets were also tested for MeV and Lyssavirus , which yielded negative results. Coinfections with CDV and Callitrichinae gammaherpesvirus 3 were detected in three marmosets. The CDV sequences identified here were closely related to both South American sequences and Vero cell‐adapted lineages. These findings have significant implications from a One Health perspective.