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La revista literaria El recreo de las familias hasta el momento ha sido poco estudiada y merece profundizar en ella debido al papel que desempeñó como legitimadora del quehacer literario de los escritores mexicanos en 1838, en un periodo tan cercano a la consumación de la independencia en que ellos se encontraban definiendo su oficio para lograr diferenciarse de su pasado colonial. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo esta publicación funcionó como vehículo de legitimación del quehacer literario para los escritores mexicanos que en ella colaboraron y que emplearon para poner su oficio a la altura de las naciones civilizadas, demostrando así que había dejado atrás su pasado bárbaro. Su identidad como escritores no se definió en una abierta confrontación crítica frente a los autores de las naciones que ellos consideraban civilizadas, sino encontrando en ellos modelos intelectuales dignos de ser replicados para extraer de ellos elementos adecuados para su didáctica individual y colectiva, pero sobre todo en un proceso de apropiación de las obras extranjeras, en el que el proceso de copia y traducción jugaron un papel clave.

This study explores European identity formation by examining the role of international study programmes (ISPs) and plurilingualism among Spanish undergraduate and postgraduate students. Using a custom-built survey administered to 871 respondents, the research analyzes how ISPs and students’ language profiles influence their sense of Europeanness, attachment to Europe, and perception of the European Union (EU). Findings show that students participating in or interested in ISPs have a more positive view of Europe and the EU, while non-mobile students tend to exhibit stronger local identities and view Europe more neutrally or negatively. Additionally, students with broader language repertoires are more likely to associate the EU with cultural diversity, while those primarily speaking Spanish often connect it to challenges like unemployment. Proficiency in multiple European languages emerges as a key factor in fostering a positive European orientation. This study underscores the importance of ISPs and plurilingualism in shaping European identity with valuable insights for internationalization strategies in higher education.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el entramado político del sistema de abasto de agua de uso doméstico del municipio de Oaxaca de Juárez desde su fundación en 1523 hasta su conformación metropolitana actual. El estudio tiene por base la hidropolítica, bajo un enfoque en la captación, abastecimiento y control. La metodología cualitativa se apoyó en un análisis explicativo del manejo del agua municipal, sustentado en fuentes primarias, como archivos históricos, documentos oficiales y estadísticos, así como artículos e investigaciones académicas que aluden al proceso historiográfico del abastecimiento de agua. Se identificaron cinco procesos hidropolíticos clave: 1) el modelo monárquico de abasto frente a la perspectiva mesoamericana de uso (1523-1821); 2) la edificación hidráulica municipal (1755-1912); 3) legislaciones, acuerdos y conflictos intermunicipales (1821-1930); 4) conformación interurbana del sistema de agua municipal (1858-actualidad), y 5) metropolización del servicio de agua (1983-actualidad). Se concluye que el sistema de agua de Oaxaca y su edificación hidráulica se han desarrollado a partir de procesos incidentales de control en la subcuenca del río Atoyac-Oaxaca, generando conflictos, tensiones y arreglos que transgredieron la esfera municipal hasta conformar una entidad metropolitana del agua.

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las tensiones que enfrentan los sistemas independientes de agua (SIAs) en Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca, México, a través del marco analítico de la gobernanza (MAG). Con una metodología cualitativa se estudiaron cuatro casos con un total de veinte entrevistas en profundidad a representantes de comités ciudadanos y autoridades municipales encargadas de la gestión hídrica. Los resultados señalan que los SIAs son instituciones establecidas y administradas por sus propios usuarios, que han consolidado y sostenido la gestión local del agua; no obstante, se detectaron tres tensiones principales que enfrentan: la primera, por el pago de la electricidad necesaria para la extracción y el mantenimiento del sistema de suministro; la segunda, por la cobertura y ampliación de la infraestructura a causa de la creciente urbanización; y la tercera, por la defensa del control del agua con respecto al organismo operador municipal. Se concluye que los SIAs representan una alternativa en el manejo del agua dentro del municipio que deben ser considerados en la normatividad hídrica para el resguardo y aprovechamiento del agua. Estas experiencias permiten distinguir un tipo de gobernanza desde abajo, en que se gestan formas organizativas que aparte de resolver el acceso local al agua, exponen formas en que cuidan y defienden el agua para la reproducción de la vida en su comunidad.

IntroductionNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. It is a spectrum of progressive alterations, with the final step in liver fibrosis which carries a high burden of long-term mortality. The scores used to predict liver fibrosis are not properly validated in morbid obesity (MO). Our aim was to evaluate the performance of seven risk scores in bariatric surgery (BS) patients.MethodsCross-sectional analysis in a cohort of 60 patients with MO undergoing BS. Liver biopsy (LB) was taken and compared with fibrosis risk assessed by noninvasive scores: APRI, FIB-4, Forns, NFS (NAFLD fibrosis score), BARD, BAAT, and Hepamet. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) and measures of diagnostic accuracy were calculated; performance of fibrosis scores was evaluated at standard threshold vs those suggested by ROC analysis.ResultsLB was available in 50 patients; 9 (18%) had significant fibrosis (F2-F4). The BARD and Forns scores best predicted the absence of fibrosis, both with negative predictive value (NPV) of 95.5%, with AUROC of 0.761 and 0.667, respectively. Modification of standard thresholds (2 for BARD and 6.9 for Forns) to those suggested by ROC analysis (3 and 3.6, respectively) improved performance of scores. Basal glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were identified by logistic regression analysis as independent predictor of fibrosis.ConclusionsExisting scoring systems are unable to stratify fibrosis risk in MO using established thresholds; its performance is improved if these cutoffs are modified.

The speech act of complaining presents a considerable challenge due to its face-threatening nature, requiring a high level of pragmatic competence. This challenge is intensified when complainants communicate in a language other than their native tongue, as they may lack familiarity not only with the linguistic forms required but also with the sociopragmatic nuances involved. The present study adopts a mixed-method corpus-learner approach by analysing a dataset of complaint emails from service encounters authored by 50 Spanish students learning English as a foreign language (EFL). Specifically, it seeks to address two research questions: (a) What strategies and moves shape the structure of complaint emails written by Peninsular Spanish EFL students in service encounters? And (b) To what degree does the variable of gender influence the composition of complaint emails in this context? It is hypothesised that students, albeit partially aware of the structure of this kind of emails, might transfer some strategies from their L1. Regarding gender, it is expected that female students will mitigate their complaint while male students will perform complaints more directly. The findings support both hypotheses as students recognise the necessity of following a four-move structure and acknowledge the impact of the variables of power and interpersonal distance. However, notable distinctions emerge between female and male students regarding their utilisation of strategies and sub-strategies within each move, potentially perpetuating gender-based stereotypes. These findings highlight the need for targeted language instruction that addresses both linguistic and sociopragmatic aspects

The current European context is characterised by the emergence of socio-political tensions that threaten to derail the cohesion objectives traditionally promoted by the authorities of the European Union. With EU citizenship in the shadow of Brexit, the fear of dismemberment of the current Europe of the 28 looms over a renewed debate on concepts like European identity, European citizenship or EU legitimacy and the involvement of its constituents in European affairs, as well as the role of education for promoting democratic awareness among young Europeans. This work aims to collect, appraise and synthesise qualitative evidence obtained in primary research exploring the perceptions of European university students about their civic and cultural identity. This systematic analysis sets out to identify predictors of positive self-identification with the EU and its institutions, focusing on the impact that different educational interventions have had on the attitudes and perceptions expressed by university students, and the importance of foreign language learning in the results obtained. The authors report their assessment of quality of the findings in a Cochrane-style qualitative evidence synthesis (QES), based on the GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) method. The 12 informed findings described in this study support decision-making in future education policy formulation.

Bajo el enfoque de la teoría de capacidades dinámicas y nueva ruralidad comunitaria, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el desarrollo de capacidades turísticas gestadas en procesos de organización de la experiencia comunitaria para hacer frente a la escasez hídrica en San Andrés Ixtlahuaca, Oaxaca. Se utilizaron herramientas cualitativas para comprender los procesos de aprendizaje comunitario, y herramientas cuantitativas para identificar la conformación de las capacidades y sus relaciones. Los resultados muestran la presencia de capacidades para la adquisición, internalización y transformación del conocimiento en el ámbito turístico, que son resultado de procesos de organización de la experiencia de los saberes tradicionales y de nuevos aprendizajes. Estas capacidades se integran en una estrategia para la continuidad de la vida comunitaria en términos de la conservación y un mejor aprovechamiento de sus recursos.

Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) in air pollution can be involved in the genesis or aggravation of different cardiovascular, respiratory, perinatal, and cancer diseases. This study assessed the in vitro effects of PM10 on the secretion of cytokines by a human monocytic cell line (THP-1). We compared the chemotactic, pro-inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory cytokines induced by PM10 collected for two years during three different seasons in five different Mexico City locations. MIP-1α, IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-α, and VEGF were the main secretion products after stimulation with 80 μg/mL of PM10 for 24 h. The THP-1 cells showed a differential response to PM10 obtained in the different sites of Mexico City. The PM10 from the north and the central city areas induced a higher pro-inflammatory cytokine response than those from the south. Seasonal pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion always exceeded anti-inflammatory secretion. The rainy-season-derived particles caused the lowest pro-inflammatory effects. We concluded that toxicological assessment of airborne particles provides evidence supporting their potential role in the chronic exacerbation of local or systemic inflammatory responses that may worsen the evolution of some chronic diseases.

We analyzed the neurological manifestations in Mexican patients hospitalized with pneumonia due to COVID-19 and investigated the association between demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables and outcomes, including death. A retrospective, analytical study was conducted using the electronic records of patients hospitalized between 1 April 2020 and 30 September 2020. Records of 1040 patients were analyzed: 31.25% died and 79.42% had neurological symptoms, including headache (80.62%), anosmia (32.20%), ageusia (31.96%), myopathy (28.08%), disorientation (14.89%), encephalopathy (12.22%), neuropathy (5.4%), stroke (1.3%), seizures (1.3%), cerebral hemorrhage (1.08%), encephalitis (0.84%), central venous thrombosis (0.36%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (0.24%). Patients also had comorbidities, such as hypertension (42.30%), diabetes mellitus (38.74%), obesity (61.34%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.17%), and asthma (2.01%). Factors associated with neurological symptoms were dyspnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, advanced respiratory support, prolonged hospitalization, and worsening fibrinogen levels. Factors associated with death were older age, advanced respiratory support, amine management, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, intensive care unit management, dyspnea, disorientation, encephalopathy, hypertension, neuropathy, diabetes, male sex, three or more neurological symptoms, and obesity grade 3. In this study we designed a profile to help predict patients at higher risk of developing neurological complications and death following COVID-19 infection.