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The European Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Advisory Commission (EIFAAC) held a joint meeting of its Management Committee (MC) and Technical and Scientific Committee (TSC) on 28-29 March 2023 at FAO headquarters in Rome.1 As an intergovernmental forum for collaboration and exchange of information on inland fisheries and aquaculture among all European countries, EIFAAC functions as a network linking policymakers, managers, scientists and others working on inland fisheries and aquaculture issues. The international symposium on \"Inland Fisheries and aquaculture: advances in technology, stock assessment and citizen science in an era of climate change\" was organized in conjunction with the Thirty-first Session of the European Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Advisory Commission in Killarney, Ireland on 20-21 June 2022. Inland fish stock assessment; 2. developments in freshwater fish monitoring technologies with an emphasis on non-destructive methods; 3. the problems and challenges of climate change and its impacts on inland aquatic resources and fisheries 4. citizen science; and 5. aquaculture, specifically traditional freshwater systems vs recirculation systems.

Under the International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the Protocol of 1997 (MARPOL) (IMO, 2021a) and the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) (IMO, 2021b), 1974, a framework for accidents and casualty reporting has been established for merchant fleets. The authors would like to thank the staff of the FAO Sub-regional Office for the Caribbean (SLC) for their support and cooperation, particularly Iris Monnereau, Celestine Moe and Yvette Diei Ouadi, as well Thomas Nelson, Sarita Peter and Monique Calderon of the Department of Fisheries of Saint Lucia, who provided organizational, logistical and technical support for the Train - the - Trainer workshop on safety at sea for small-scale fishers in the Caribbean, which was held in Castries, Saint Lucia, in January 2020. The authors are further thankful to the Global Environment Facility (GEF) funded Climate Change Adaptation in the Eastern Caribbean Fisheries Sector (CC4Fish) project and the Norwegian Government funded FAO Trust fund project on Supporting member countries implement climate change adaptation measures in fisheries and aquaculture (GCP/GLO/959/NOR), which supported the above mentioned workshop and publication of this circular. [...]one who believes that accidents are caused by unsafe acts will attempt to find any human errors that could be the causes. [...]it is necessary to examine the underlying factors in any chain of events that ended in an accident.

The research showed that safety at sea is a priority for 51 percent of the RFBs. [...]38 percent of the RFBs surveyed consider decent working conditions a priority. Some RFBs however prioritize decent working conditions in fisheries. Since 2018, several RFBs have supported decent work and safety in fisheries through regional technical seminars organized by FAO in collaboration with the Apostleship of the Sea, International Maritime Organization and the International Labour Organization. To date only 20 countries have ratified CI88. [...]the International Convention on Training, Certification and for Fishing Vessels Personnel (STCW-F) is currently under review. [...]the fisheries management and conservation mandates of these regional bodies have an impact on fishing vessel safety, the safety of fishing operations and the working conditions of fishing personnel. [...]it would be valuable to bring these regional bodies on-board in the improvement of safety and decent work in fisheries and make use of their frameworks and networks in fisheries to further the ratification and implementation of the international binding instruments on safety and working conditions in fisheries (e.g. CTA, C188, STCW-F

The financial and economic performance of fishing fleet operations is thus affected by many factors: the status of fisheries resources, fisheries policies, legislation and management regimes, seafood market prices and consumer preferences, macroeconomic and fiscal policies, fisheries agreements, technological innovations and socioeconomic conditions. Vessel and gear technologies, as well as innovations in fishing vessel design, propulsion systems, onboard equipment and fishing methods, have impacted the characteristics of fishing vessels and their operations. If the fleet consists of vessels of different types, any survey to determine the capacity of a given fishing vessel would need to collect information on a number of vessel characteristics including vessel type, gross tonnage, length, and engine power. Description of the categories of fishery vessels This chapter contains description of the major categories and subcategories of fishery vessels, together with the codes and standard abbreviations as per ISSCFV Rev. I, 2019 (FAO, 2021c), contained in Appendix I. 2.1 TRAWLERS (TO) ISSCFV Code 1 Overview Depending on the area of operation and trawl used, trawlers range in size from open boats powered by outboard engines to large freezer and factory trawlers, which can fish in the most distant waters.

To make small-scale fisheries in Thailand more sustainable, fishers need to invest in responsible fishing operations and technologies, reduce overfishing, contribute to fisheries management, and implement climate change adaptation measures. Small-scale fishers often do not have access to financial services to innovate and to make the necessary transition to sustainable fishing operations. Access to financial services will help them to innovate and adopt measures that will provide social, economic and environmental returns, the desired triple bottom line.Financial service providers can manage the risks involved in credit provision to small-scale fishers when they understand the fishing business. Scaling-up innovation in the supply of financial services to the fisheries sector, such as promoting digital platforms, developing loan appraisal tools tailored to fishers' needs and enhancing partnerships with fisherfolk organizations, is needed.The Asia-Pacific Rural and Agricultural Credit Association (APRACA) and FAO, in collaboration with the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC), implemented a project to analyse and improve the access of small-scale fishers to financial services in Thailand.The project identified the key finance and fisheries sector stakeholders, carried out surveys and interviews and conducted a techno-economic performance analysis of some major fishing fleets, to investigate the potential innovations for investment in small-scale fisheries. APRACA and BAAC drafted training materials and conducted various trainings on financing small-scale fisheries.The project also established the Thailand National Network for the small-scale fishers (ThaiNet SSF), based on the global network for capacity building to increase access of small-scale fisheries to financial services (CAFI-SSF). This network will be used for communication and exchanging ideas among stakeholders in the small-scale fishing and financial sector.To enable financial institutions to quickly get an overview of the small-scale fishing sector and its business opportunities, the project team summarized main findings and lessons learned in a policy brief, which can be downloaded here. This circular presents the project's main achievements.

Reasons given by the insurance sector for the limited insurance cover of small-scale fisheries inclue: their limited knowledge of fishing operations and needs, limited knowledge of demand for insurance from fishers, low profitability of fishing vessel insurance (due to high transaction costs, small premiums and high monitoring costs), lack of insurance mandates for fishing vessels, and the number of well-functioning fisherfolk cooperatives that can act as insurance agents is generaly small. [...]small-scale fishers' interest in insurance services is often limited because of low awareness of insurance advantages, lack of insurance providers in fishing communities, the requested insurance premiums are regarded as too high, insurance policies and claim settlement processes are neither understood nor trusted and the income from fisheries varies because of seasonality of fishing, while insurance premium payments are often not flexible. In recent years the access to insurance services is world-wide gaining attention and insurance is regarded as important for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as insurance provides a safety net and prevents people to falling into poverty after shocks, provides an economic protection mechanism, sustains development efforts, protects assets, and mitigates theeffects of extreme weather and climate change. In the international community, the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines), stress the importance of insurance for small scale fisheries in article 6.4 \"States should support the development of and access to other services that are appropriate for small-scale fishing communities with regard to, for example, savings, credit and insurance schemes, with special emphasis on ensuring the access of women to such services.

Following a short introduction to the species and its closest commercially viable related species, namely pirapatinga (Piaractus brachypomus) and pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), this field guide provides practical information on the culture and reproduction of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). As a field guide it aims to support the understanding and dissemination of applicable technologies for the culture and reproduction of tambaqui, i.e. what should be done- as well as when and how it should be done- in order to achieve success in the artificial propagation as well as the fingerling and table fish production stages. The concise technical descriptions in this guide are accompanied by self-explanatory illustrations and a reader-friendly glossary of technical terms, which is important for tambaqui aquaculture farmers.

All countries covered in this review also saw a reduction in total fleet capacity in gross tonnage (GT) and kilowatts (kW). [...]the age structure of the fishing fleets showed an increasing trend for most fleet segments. Acronyms and abbreviations AER Annual Economic Report (EU) AIS automatic identification system CFP Common Fisheries Policy (EU) DCF Data Collection Framework (EU) EBIT Earnings before interest and taxes EBITDA earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization EIB European Investment Bank (EU) EMFF European Maritime Fisheries Fund (EU) EU European Union FTE fulltime-equivalent (employment figures) GBP British pound sterling GPS Global positioning system GSA Geographic subarea of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean GT gross tonnage GVA gross value added ICCAT International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea IOTC Indian Ocean Tuna Commission ITQ individual transferable quotas kW kilowatt LOA length overall MAP multi-annual plan MSC Marine Stewardship Council MSY maximum sustainable yield NAFO Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization NEAFC North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission nm nautical mile OFR French Outermost Regions PO Producer Organization ROFTA Return on Fixed Tangible Assets STECF Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (EU) TAC total allowable catch USD United States Dollar 1. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognizes that the fisheries sector offers many opportunities to reduce hunger and improve nutrition, alleviate poverty, generate economic growth and ensure better use of natural resources. [...]information is also instrumental for fisheries sector stakeholders, both public and private, to decide on whether to invest in fishing fleets and fisheries related infrastructure. [...]FAO and particularly its Fishing Operations and Technology Branch (FIAO) regularly conduct global studies to analyze the cost structure and economic and financial performance of fishing fleets.

Comparing 16 fleet segments that were also described in a previous review in 2000, an increase in the gross tonnage of individual average vessels was observed in all of these fleet segments. [...]substantial increases in overall average length and engine power were observed in several Asian fishing fleets. Major developments have also taken place in terms of increasing fishing efficiency, reducing the environmental impact of fishing, improving fish handling and product quality, in addition to improving safety at sea and the working conditions of fishers on-board vessels. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omited.) Preparation of this document This review of the techno-economic performance of the main global fishing fleets was prepared in 2019-2021 by Raymon van Anrooy of the FAO Fisheries Division, Natacha Carvalho of the European Commission Joint Research Centre, Andrew Kitts of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Rajdeep Mukherjee of the BOBP-IGO, and Sjef van Eijs, Fisheries Consultant. Trends in technological innovations with an impact on fishing fleet 87 performance 5.1 Cost reductions and energy savings in capture fisheries 90 5.2 Increasing fishing efficiency 92 5.3 Reducing the environmental/ecological impact of capture fisheries 94 5.4 Improving fish handling, product quality and food safety 96 5.5 Improving safety at sea and working conditions of fishers 97 References 99 Appendix 5.A 102 6.