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Two independent digestion techniques (microwave acid digestion with HF and HCl, HNO3 and Na2O2 sintering, respectively) were applied to determine the total Sb concentration in a real soil sample and in reference materials: Icelandic Basalt (BIR-1), Cody Shale (SCo-1) and (Soil-7). ICP-MS was used to determine total antimony concentrations in the digested and the extracted solutions using external calibration and isotope dilution technique. The recoveries of Sb using HF in the acids digestion mixture in closed-vessels microwave digestion system were excellent and the concentrations are in very good agreement with certified or reported concentrations of reference materials. Using closed-vessels combined with microwave heating systems probably prevents the loss of volatile Sb compounds. The use of hydrogen fluoride with other strong acid can help dissociating insoluble antimony silicates. Different extraction reagents were tested for their ability to extract antimony using an ultrasonic bath namely: EDTA disodium salt, potassium hydroxide, citric acid monohydrate, pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, ammonium acetate, ammonium oxalate, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium persulphate and di-ammonium hydrogen citrate. A 500 mmol L-1 solution of citric acid pH 1.08 proved to be the most efficient extractant. Optimization of the extraction conditions were investigated by studying the effect of pH, concentration, temperature, time of extraction, the ratio of sample mass to the volume of extractant and the number of consecutive extractions. As a result three consecutive extractions for a total time of 45 min at 80 ˚C was the most efficient condition for Sb extraction. Using these extraction conditions 61%, 3.7% RSD and 42%, 2.2% RSD (n=6) of the total antimony in the real soil and Soil-7 samples, respectively could be extracted.

The aim of this study is extraction, estimation and identification of volatile oil in flowers Cestrum nocturnum plant, and study the antioxidant effect of oil it’s effect on the chemical properties of minced cattle meat which was stored on fridge to elongation period of cold storage. Steam distillation method was used to extraction volatile oil and gaze chromatography-Mass (GC-Mass) to estimate quantitative and qualitative active compounds in oil, Using diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) and ascorbic acid as a positive comparison was determined the antioxidant effect. Some chemical testes was done on minced cattle meat by used 200mg\\ml from oil under 4˚c for (0,3,7 and 10).The results showed that volatile oil containing 39 compounds but oleic acid is more than other compounds (24,49 %),then the oil has antioxidant effect 100 % at 100μl\\ml. The results of oil effect on minced cattle meat was showed decreased on thiobarbituric acid(TBA) and total violate nitrogen (TVN) under 4˚c after 15 day, but the pH value was not changed. The volatile oil of Cestrum nocturnum flowers had antioxidant activity and mixing of this oil with minced cattle meat led to increase of period of save to 15 day .