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The British Political Agency in Muscat was not an ordinary diplomatic headquarters, but also a many-sided institution of different purposes ( political, economic, and social). All of these purposes serve the British interests and their administration all over Oman and the Arab Gulf Rejoin, especially during this period of time ( 1913- 1899 ) which is characterized by its prosperity and quick events as it witnessed the climax of the European colonial activity that aims at competing Britain and sharing its dominance and influences on the rejoin, and this created non-¬preceded political pressure on the British Agency in Muscat and caused so many difficulties and complications The study of the administrative framework and the political position of the Agency has a great importance, as it represents one example to understand the truth of the British policy in an active part of the Arab rejoin, and to be aware of the way of their thinking and know one necessary instrument of their state's power. Besides, it gives a clear vision about the organization, finance, membership, and field actions of their representatives, beyond deeply discussion about the details of the political developments the country passed through during that time, as it is enough for the researcher to refer to them according to his research's demands The research required to be divided into three sections. The first is considered as a historical introduction to the subject, in which the researcher tried to introduce a brief survey about the rise and development of the political agencies' system in the Arab Gulf and the position of Muscat among them. The second is devoted for the study and development of the agencies' role in the political and economic life in Oman, and the position the Indian executives gave to the successive representatives of Muscat, in addition to the nature of their intelligence and relations with the foreign communities, especially the Indian ones. As for the third section, it dealt with the agents' life and that of those who work with them in Muscat, focusing on the study of the building the political agency made as its headquarters, the health center related with it, and what is called as \" The Agency Court\" that made the exceptional prerogatives granted to the agents an opportunity to impose wide judicial power in Muscat.