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The study aims to determine the factors that affect the foreign direct investment inflows in Algeria, using a sample of 38 observation for the period 1980- 2017. Rely on annual time series and multiple linear regression model to examine the relationship between foreign direct investment inflows as a dependent variable, and market size, trade openness, economic stability, credit provided by financial sector, human capital, political stability, quality of infrastructure as independent variables. The results show that market size, trade openness, human capital have a positive and significant effect on foreign direct investment inflows in Algeria.

إن الهدف من هذه المداخلة هو تسليط الضوء على موضوع مهم يمس الاقتصاد الوطني وهو الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر، حيث زاد الوعي بأهمية الاستثمارات الأجنبية وتنميتها بالنسبة للاقتصاد الوطني إلى اشتداد حدة المنافسة بين مختلف الدول للحصول على نصيب متزايد من هذه الاستثمارات لتطوير اقتصادياتها وتسهيل اندماجها في الاقتصاد العالمي وذلك نظرا للأهمية البالغة للاستثمار الأجنبي في اقتصاديات الدول المتقدمة والنامية على حد سواء، ويعتبر عاملا مكملا للاستثمار المحلي في تحقيق النمو والتنمية.

The recent expansion of borrowing has raised significant concerns regarding the critical issue of debt in both developing and developed countries. Egypt is no exception, as it seeks debt sustainability that should not only be achievable but also tied to specific accomplishments within a defined time limit. Shifting the primary goal of the country to merely fulfilling its payment obligations can lead to ineffective debt management. This research aims to investigate the effects of governance and economic uncertainty on public debt in Egypt. The study employs Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) over the period from 1998 to 2023. The findings reveal that foreign direct investment (FDI) has a significant negative effect in the long run, while economic uncertainty has a significant positive effect in both the long run and the short run. Governance has a significant negative impact, and the risk indicator shows a significant positive effect in the short run only. The asymmetric effects of these results are confirmed by the NARDL model.

This study examines the asymmetric distributional impact of key determinants on Egypt's economic growth from 1977 to 2023, focusing on total factor productivity (TFP), human capital, financial development, savings, governance, foreign direct investment (FDI), and inflation. Uniquely employing the quantile autoregressive distributed lag-error correction model (QARDL-ECM), the study captures heterogeneous effects across low, median and high growth phases, challenging traditional linear frameworks and providing deeper insights into growth dynamics. The analysis employs a comprehensive dataset and robust econometric techniques, including Huber-White robust standard errors, to ensure reliable results. Findings reveal that TFP drives growth during downturns but loses relevance in prosperous phases due to structural bottlenecks, while human capital consistently supports growth across all economic conditions. Savings hinder growth in downturns and median phases due to inefficient financial intermediation, while financial development is associated with slower long-run growth, driven by credit misallocation and systemic inefficiencies. FDI shows negligible effects due to structural and institutional barriers, and governance reforms exhibit nonlinear impacts, initially disrupting growth but potentially supporting it in high-growth phases. Inflation has a negligible long-run impact, except for a slight positive effect during high-growth phases. The study underscores the need for phase-specific interventions, including structural reforms, improved financial intermediation, and sustained governance enhancements. Policy recommendations prioritize TFP improvements and human capital investments during downturns, redirecting credit flows toward productive sectors, and targeting high-spillover FDI in renewable energy and technology. These measures aim to harmonize short-term stabilization with long-term structural transformation, addressing Egypt's growth asymmetries and unlocking its economic potential.

International commercial arbitration is considered a means of settling existing international commercial disputes and an important means of avoiding the emergence of any disputes in the long term. The arbitration method for settling the dispute has its own characteristics: The dispute is settled by a final ruling and is characterized by a contractual nature between the arbitrator and the party he chose, either directly or indirectly through one of the bodies. The permanent arbitrator who is chosen based on that agreement is not subject to the party that chose him, but he is independent and neutral in performing his task, and does not receive instructions or directions from the party that chose him. The Saudi regulator was interested in regulating the provisions and controls of general arbitration and international commercial arbitration in particular, by issuing the arbitration system, the subsequent issuance of the executive regulations, the decisions regulating the arbitration process, and expanding the establishment of international arbitration centers such as the Saudi Center for International Commercial Arbitration. All of this had a significant impact in encouraging foreign direct investments, which helped resolve disputes resulting from these investments quickly and professionally. My research has three main sections. 1- The concepts of arbitration and foreign direct investment. 2- Explaining the arbitration agreement and its characteristics and approving the arbitration agreements. 3- We addressed a more specific aspect of international commercial arbitration in Saudi Arabia.

لم يكن الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر في الدول المغاربية، يشغل حيزا كبيرا من تعاملاتها الخارجية؛ بسبب الظروف الاقتصادية الداخلية التي ميزت المناخ الاقتصادي المغاربي، لذلك تبرز أهمية الموضوع في التطرق لوضعية التدفقات الاستثمارية الواردة إلى الدول المغاربية، لتحديد العراقيل التي أدت إلى قصورها عن استقطاب الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر؛ وإيجاد السياسات المساعدة على استقطاب هذا النوع من الاستثمارات.

تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية، إلى محاولة تسليط الضوء على التجربة الجزائرية في مجال جذب الاستثمارات الأجنبية المباشرة كآلية من أجل الخروج بالاقتصاد الوطني من التبعية لقطاع المحروقات، وذلك من خلال عرض لمحة عامة حول الاقتصاد الوطني، ثم المزايا والمخاطر التي يجنينها الاقتصاد جراء تدفق الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر، وصولا إلى واقع المناخ الاستثماري الجزائري، مبرزين أهم المعوقات التي حالت دون استقطاب الاستثمارات الأجنبية. ثم حاولنا في الأخير تقديم مجموعة من السياسات والاستراتيجيات كمقترح لتعزيز قدرة الجزائر لأن تكون منطقة جاذبة لاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر.