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Semiotics or semiology (from the Greek, sēmeion, means 'sign') is an expression which stands for the science of signs. Semiotics is generally defined as the study of the sign. Sign is anything which stands for something else. The history of semiotic science returns back to medieval ages. However, semiotics gains its technicality after the first half of the twentieth century. Semiotics is explored by its founders Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Peirce. After them, many semioticans develop the study of sign system like Roland Barthes, Umberto Eco, Marshall McLuhan, Algirdas J. Greimas, Charles Morris, and Roman Jakobson. Due to the recent development in media and in means of communication, there is a new shift from mono-sign system to multimodality. Based on Halliday's SFL, O'Toole's The Language of Displayed Art (1994), Kress and van leeuwen's Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design (1996/2006). Multimodality occurs as a basic theory of communication and social semiotics; it is the use of several modes of communication other than language. This article aims to review definitions of Semiotics and Social Semiotics, Visual Social Semiotic and Multimodality.

The Arabian Peninsula is characterized by an unequivocal diversity of backgrounds, experiences, and religious traditions. This characteristic has been an inherent part of the Arabian Peninsula; however, it was silenced at certain historical junctures when promoting a homogeneous alternative. I argue that the attitude towards religions in the Arabian Peninsula moved through three historical stages: a past nonchalant attitude, whereby religions did not figure prominently in the public sphere; a modern linkage of emerging nation-states with an exclusive rendition of Islam; and a contemporary vacillating attitude that mixes traces of the more open past with remnants of the modern era's guarded outlook. The select, ongoing attempts at reconstituting the region as religiously pluralistic today is welcome but of little value absent as a systematic cultivation of religious pluralism in critical fields like education, media, law, and civil society. Informed by Subaltern Studies and Marxist thought, pursuing erasure and trivialization methods helps decode Arabian Peninsula silences. By surveying different case studies, this paper reassesses religious diversity management and its history in the Arabian Peninsula.

In 2012, the opening ceremony of the London Olympic Games projected an image of a New Britain: multicultural, liberal, and a well-meaning country. Astonishingly, after the Brexit referendum of 2016, it seemed as a system of multicultural values about what Britain was like had been overturned. Hence, this article examines the notion of multiculturalism in relation to other concepts such as immigration, Britishness, terrorism, and Brexit. Further, the article attempts to explore whether multiculturalism is a divisive factor that leads to disunity through promoting cultural differences or it is a driving force for unity that leads to more integration of ethnic minorities and a fairer British society.

Le plurilinguisme est un phénomène sociolinguistique qui se caractérise par la coexistence de plusieurs langues au sein d'une même société. Il est particulièrement répandu dans les pays francophones, notamment dans les pays postcoloniaux où les puissances coloniales ont imposé leur langue sans tenir compte des langues locales. Ce phénomène peut être source de richesse et de diversité, mais il peut également être source de tensions et de conflits. Pour ce qui est de l'Algérie, le contexte sociolinguistique est marqué par la coexistence de plusieurs langues à savoir l'arabe, le berbère et le français. Cette diversité linguistique a eu une influence significative sur la littérature francophone algérienne. Les écrivains ont puisé dans ces différentes langues et cultures pour créer une oeuvre littéraire riche et complexe. Le plurilinguisme en Algérie a permis aux écrivains francophones de s'inspirer des différentes traditions littéraires et linguistiques du pays, tout en apportant une perspective unique à la littérature francophone. Notre recherche porte sur le roman algérien contemporain et ses particularités linguistiques qui se manifestent par l'alternance codique. Nous prenons l'exemple du roman de Yahia Belaskri, écrivain algérien né à Oran en 1958, dont l'oeuvre ancrée dans le contexte algérien traite de thèmes comme l'identité, la mémoire, l'exil et la condition humaine. Notre méthode est analytique et descriptive. Nous commençons par décrire les caractéristiques du roman algérien, puis nous analysons des extraits du roman Si tu cherches la pluie, elle vient d'en haut (2010) pour voir l'influence du bilinguisme sur ce genre romanesque.

The use of languages in Algeria is still a question of culture and identity. The presence of different languages in this country has built a status of multilingualism and linguistic diversity. In our days and in this era of technological development, the use of languages is very strongly observed among Algerian speakers in their communications and exchanges especially in the « social networks » which are means that link the whole world. The phenomenon of mobility has thus given birth to a « linguistic e-mobility ».