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"التنمية الاقتصادية شمال إفريقيا"
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The Nexus between Knowledge-Based Economy and Economic Growth in North Africa Region
This paper aims to understand the interaction between knowledge-based economy and economic growth in North Africa economies. We apply panel data analysis from the period of 2013-2018, including selected North Africa countries. We use the GMM estimators introduced by Arellano and Bond. The results suggest that human capital and research, institutions, knowledge and technology outputs and creative outputs have significant influence on economic growth in North Africa region.
Journal Article
Institutional Quality and Economic Development in MENA Region
This paper examines the role of institutions and the mechanisms by which they influence economic growth and development according to the new institutional approach. To do so, we compare the quality of institutions and their efficiency, economic development and the extent of corruption between Algeria and selected countries in the MENA region.
Journal Article
The Role of Technical Progress in Promoting Economic Growth in the MENA Region
This study aims at the determination of the main sources of economic growth, while focusing on the role of technical progress in promoting sustainable economic growth in the MENA region during the period 1991-2014. In order to achieve its goal, this study has been divided into two stages. In the first stage, the determination of the main sources of economic growth is carried out through the estimation of the contribution of the various production factors by using the Cobb-Douglas production function and the fixed effects model and relying on Hausman test. The first stage revealed that capital contributes a ratio of about 35.88% of economic growth, while the remaining ratio or 64.12% represents the contribution of the labor factor. The contribution of the total factor productivity (TFP) was also estimated and amounted to approximately 100% or more in some of the MENA region countries such as Iran. In this study, total factor productivity (TFP) was chosen to reflect technical progress. In the second stage, the study aimed at the determination of the main factors influencing total factor productivity as the revealed principal source of economic growth, while focusing on the role of political stability in realizing sustainable growth. The results of the first stage- consisting of the time series of the disembodied factors and the total factor productivity figures obtained through the estimation of the residuals of the abovementioned regression function- were used in the second stage analysis. The study revealed that political stability had a strong significant positive effect on total factor productivity; and the open-door trading policy had a similar effect. The human resource development index, direct foreign investment, government spending and fixed capital formation showed also positive significant effects while price instability had an insignificant effect on total factor productivity during the study period.
Journal Article
The Impact of ICT and R&D on Economic Growth in MENA Countries
This paper explores the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Research and Development (R&D) on economic growth in MENA countries. The study uses panel data covering the period from 1990 to 2022 for ten Middle Eastern and North African nations. The objective is to assess how ICT usage and R&D outputs influence economic growth in both the short and long term. Various estimation methods are applied, including DCCE, CS-ARDL, CCEMG, and AMG, following the confirmation of cointegration using the Westerlund test. The study includes key economic indicators such as GDP per capita, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), and gross enrollment ratio, along with ICT and R&D variables. The results from the four estimation techniques reveal that ICT and R&D have a negative and statistically insignificant impact on economic growth in both the short and long term. However, robustness checks using CCEMG and AMG indicate a positive and significant effect of GFCF, where a 1% increase in GFCF leads to a 8.23e-08% and 1.10e-07% rise in GDP per capita, respectively. Additionally, the gross enrollment ratio shows no significant effect. Finally, causality analysis suggests a bidirectional relationship between ICT, R&D, and GDP per capita.
Journal Article
Political Stability, Financial Crises and the Finance-Growth Nexus
We re-examine the relationship between financial development and economic growth in MENA region. In particular, this paper investigates empirically the extent to which the finance-growth relationship is influenced by political stability and financial crises. To this end, tow linear models with interaction terms are estimated. Based on the estimation of the empirical model with linear interaction between financial development and political stability, our findings show that political stability appears a significant determinant of the finance-growth relationship. In fact, the results show that finance has a negative effect on economic growth; however political stability mitigates the negative effect of financial development on economic growth. The interaction of financial development and financial crises does not appear strongly significant, which imply that financial crises do not appear relevant in the determination of the finance-growth relationship in MENA
Journal Article
Impact of Trade Liberalization on Economic Growth
This study aimed to analyze the impact of trade liberalization on economic growth for nine petroleum countries from Mena region (Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar, Emirates Arabe United, United Kingdom of Saoudi Arabia and Oman), period from 2000 to 2020, this paper has relied on the following variables: Economic growth index, Trade freedom index, Foreign direct investment index, Human development index, Import index, Export index and Money supply index. A descriptive analytical approach has been applied using FGLS panel data model. The study concluded that trade liberalization promotes the economic growth on the studied countries.
Journal Article
Islamic Finance and Regional Development in MENA Region
This article investigates whether the Islamic finance and economic growth relationship is supported by our sample data of some Golf Cooperation countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. Specifically, the research uses a dataset of fifteen Islamic banks in five MENA countries for different periods ranging from 1994 to 2009. The growth rate of gross loans and the ratio of M2/GDP are taken into account to explore the causal and/or the long-run relationships between them. Our key findings generated by these two empirical tests show that Islamic finance has no effect on economic growth in the selected GCC's banks. Therefore, policies to improve the Islamic banking efficiency in the region are suggested.
Journal Article