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The recent expansion of borrowing has raised significant concerns regarding the critical issue of debt in both developing and developed countries. Egypt is no exception, as it seeks debt sustainability that should not only be achievable but also tied to specific accomplishments within a defined time limit. Shifting the primary goal of the country to merely fulfilling its payment obligations can lead to ineffective debt management. This research aims to investigate the effects of governance and economic uncertainty on public debt in Egypt. The study employs Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) over the period from 1998 to 2023. The findings reveal that foreign direct investment (FDI) has a significant negative effect in the long run, while economic uncertainty has a significant positive effect in both the long run and the short run. Governance has a significant negative impact, and the risk indicator shows a significant positive effect in the short run only. The asymmetric effects of these results are confirmed by the NARDL model.

This study examines the asymmetric distributional impact of key determinants on Egypt's economic growth from 1977 to 2023, focusing on total factor productivity (TFP), human capital, financial development, savings, governance, foreign direct investment (FDI), and inflation. Uniquely employing the quantile autoregressive distributed lag-error correction model (QARDL-ECM), the study captures heterogeneous effects across low, median and high growth phases, challenging traditional linear frameworks and providing deeper insights into growth dynamics. The analysis employs a comprehensive dataset and robust econometric techniques, including Huber-White robust standard errors, to ensure reliable results. Findings reveal that TFP drives growth during downturns but loses relevance in prosperous phases due to structural bottlenecks, while human capital consistently supports growth across all economic conditions. Savings hinder growth in downturns and median phases due to inefficient financial intermediation, while financial development is associated with slower long-run growth, driven by credit misallocation and systemic inefficiencies. FDI shows negligible effects due to structural and institutional barriers, and governance reforms exhibit nonlinear impacts, initially disrupting growth but potentially supporting it in high-growth phases. Inflation has a negligible long-run impact, except for a slight positive effect during high-growth phases. The study underscores the need for phase-specific interventions, including structural reforms, improved financial intermediation, and sustained governance enhancements. Policy recommendations prioritize TFP improvements and human capital investments during downturns, redirecting credit flows toward productive sectors, and targeting high-spillover FDI in renewable energy and technology. These measures aim to harmonize short-term stabilization with long-term structural transformation, addressing Egypt's growth asymmetries and unlocking its economic potential.

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل أثر التعاون الدولي في تعزيز حوكمة مكافحة الفساد، بوصفه أحد المقومات المحورية لتحقيق الشفافية والمساءلة ضمن الأطر المؤسسية. وقد تم تحديد مشكلة البحث في محدودية فعالية الحوكمة الوطنية في ظل غياب تكاملها مع الآليات الدولية، ولا سيما في السياقات التي تتطلب تعاونا عابرا للحدود لمواجهة مظاهر الفساد. وقد ركزت الدراسة على تجربة المملكة العربية السعودية في ظل رؤية ۲۰۳۰م، واستعرضت السياسات المتبعة، والشراكات الدولية، والمنصات متعددة الأطراف مثل شبكة الرياض العالمية. اعتمد البحث على المنهج التحليلي التأصيلي في استقراء المفاهيم النظرية لمصطلحي \"الحوكمة \" و\" الفساد\"، إلى جانب المنهج التطبيقي لتحليل السياسات السعودية والاتفاقيات الدولية ذات الصلة. وقد توصل البحث إلى أن التعاون الدولي يعزز من كفاءة المنظومة الوطنية لمكافحة الفساد، لا سيما عبر بناء القدرات، وتحسين البنية التشريعية، وتعزيز الثقة المؤسسية. وأوصى البحث بضرورة تطوير مؤشرات وطنية لقياس فاعلية الحوكمة متسقة مع المعايير الدولية، وتعزيز الشفافية في المنصات الرقمية، وتوسيع الشراكات المؤسسية مع الهيئات الدولية المتخصصة.

This Research reveals the bright image of the principles of good governance in the era of Caliph 'Umar ibn al¬Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him. The Researcher sheds light on the excellence of Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab in the financial purposes of management and control of public money (Bayt ul maal); Revenues and Expenditures. Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab established Bayt ul Maal and directly supervised its revenues and expenditures. The research also reveals unique excellence in his financial policy. The Researcher used the historical, descriptive, inductive, deductive and analytical approach, and came out with a set of results and recommendations.

This paper presents a general perception of good governance in the African context. It sheds light on most African studies that talk about good governance and how they deal with this concept, as they reject it to one degree or another. They either reject it simply because it is linked to the development discourse coming from the North, or they see that it is necessary to adapt its indicators to the national realities of each system. They may reject it because of the implications it assumes, and sometimes even imposes, from the point of view of some of these studies, a specific role for the state that is not consistent with the desired role of the African state in the development process. In general, it is clear that there is a general trend rejecting the concept of good governance because it stems from the neoliberal framework, and is an integral part of the Western developmental ideological discourse. African analysts raise a number of important critical observations about this concept in terms of its content and indicators. Although they acknowledge the importance of the dimensions of participation, accountability, transparency and other principles of good governance, they draw attention to the need to clarify the specific meanings of these concepts in accordance with the African context. The definition of corruption as the abuse of power, for example, may need to be reconsidered; Because it assumes that there are agreed standards and rules to judge the abuse of power issues. Likewise, dealing with this phenomenon requires a careful analysis of its roots and using it in the African context. Moreover, participation in the African context requires an emphasis on comprehensive participation that achieves a balance between different groups without discrimination. Also, the good governance that the countries of the continent need is responsive governance which is able to meet the requirements of individuals. The existence of institutions and work mechanisms that ensure achieving results that meet societal needs and the optimal use of available resources, including the good and proper use of natural resources and the protection of the environment, requires fair and legal frameworks applied without any bias and guarantees full protection of human rights and the judicial independence. This research paper indicates that ''the role that can be played by the societal entities in supporting good governance in its various dimensions should not be overlooked, and the issue of drawing up the appropriate strategy for the participation of these entities in achieving good governance and development in the continent depends on the nature of each country separately''. The concept of good governance from the point of view of the vast majority of African analysts is not a neutral analytical concept that supports the principles of participation, transparency, and accountability, but rather an ideological concept that bears the assumptions of neoliberal theory. Remarkably, few African analysts acknowledge the reviews made to this theory, because, for them, these revisions are merely an attempt to salvage neo-liberalism after the stumbles it has gone through and the criticisms it has faced. From the point of view of these analysts, the intellectual foundations of the statements of good governance and the ideology they bear to remain the same, which is the weakening of the African state, whether by reducing its role or supporting the role of other forces that confront it (civil society). This support does not necessarily lead to good governance, and at the same time, the other forces that can support this type of governance are overlooked.

This study intended to recognizing the level that organizational change in Jordanian insurance companies rank, (2884) workers in (24) Jordanian insurance companies where the study population, as for the study sample, a proportional stratified random sample was withdrawn from the study population, the researcher approached descriptive method by studying the means for the main and sub variables using the prepared and controlled questionnaire to achieve the objectives of the study. Spss v.25 statistical analysis was used, the findings of this study showed a high level of organizational change equal to 4.05 out of 5 in the perspective of employees in terms of its collective dimensions: Technical, structural, cultural change and change in work, in Jordanian insurance companies. The Researcher recommended to approach that research in other sector such as measuring the organizational change in banking sectors.