Explore the vast range of titles available.

This Research reveals the bright image of the principles of good governance in the era of Caliph 'Umar ibn al¬Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him. The Researcher sheds light on the excellence of Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab in the financial purposes of management and control of public money (Bayt ul maal); Revenues and Expenditures. Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab established Bayt ul Maal and directly supervised its revenues and expenditures. The research also reveals unique excellence in his financial policy. The Researcher used the historical, descriptive, inductive, deductive and analytical approach, and came out with a set of results and recommendations.

This paper presents a general perception of good governance in the African context. It sheds light on most African studies that talk about good governance and how they deal with this concept, as they reject it to one degree or another. They either reject it simply because it is linked to the development discourse coming from the North, or they see that it is necessary to adapt its indicators to the national realities of each system. They may reject it because of the implications it assumes, and sometimes even imposes, from the point of view of some of these studies, a specific role for the state that is not consistent with the desired role of the African state in the development process. In general, it is clear that there is a general trend rejecting the concept of good governance because it stems from the neoliberal framework, and is an integral part of the Western developmental ideological discourse. African analysts raise a number of important critical observations about this concept in terms of its content and indicators. Although they acknowledge the importance of the dimensions of participation, accountability, transparency and other principles of good governance, they draw attention to the need to clarify the specific meanings of these concepts in accordance with the African context. The definition of corruption as the abuse of power, for example, may need to be reconsidered; Because it assumes that there are agreed standards and rules to judge the abuse of power issues. Likewise, dealing with this phenomenon requires a careful analysis of its roots and using it in the African context. Moreover, participation in the African context requires an emphasis on comprehensive participation that achieves a balance between different groups without discrimination. Also, the good governance that the countries of the continent need is responsive governance which is able to meet the requirements of individuals. The existence of institutions and work mechanisms that ensure achieving results that meet societal needs and the optimal use of available resources, including the good and proper use of natural resources and the protection of the environment, requires fair and legal frameworks applied without any bias and guarantees full protection of human rights and the judicial independence. This research paper indicates that ''the role that can be played by the societal entities in supporting good governance in its various dimensions should not be overlooked, and the issue of drawing up the appropriate strategy for the participation of these entities in achieving good governance and development in the continent depends on the nature of each country separately''. The concept of good governance from the point of view of the vast majority of African analysts is not a neutral analytical concept that supports the principles of participation, transparency, and accountability, but rather an ideological concept that bears the assumptions of neoliberal theory. Remarkably, few African analysts acknowledge the reviews made to this theory, because, for them, these revisions are merely an attempt to salvage neo-liberalism after the stumbles it has gone through and the criticisms it has faced. From the point of view of these analysts, the intellectual foundations of the statements of good governance and the ideology they bear to remain the same, which is the weakening of the African state, whether by reducing its role or supporting the role of other forces that confront it (civil society). This support does not necessarily lead to good governance, and at the same time, the other forces that can support this type of governance are overlooked.

This study intended to recognizing the level that organizational change in Jordanian insurance companies rank, (2884) workers in (24) Jordanian insurance companies where the study population, as for the study sample, a proportional stratified random sample was withdrawn from the study population, the researcher approached descriptive method by studying the means for the main and sub variables using the prepared and controlled questionnaire to achieve the objectives of the study. Spss v.25 statistical analysis was used, the findings of this study showed a high level of organizational change equal to 4.05 out of 5 in the perspective of employees in terms of its collective dimensions: Technical, structural, cultural change and change in work, in Jordanian insurance companies. The Researcher recommended to approach that research in other sector such as measuring the organizational change in banking sectors.

واستهدف البحث التعريف بالحوكمة في اللغة والاصطلاح، وذكر لمحة عن أهميتها، وأثرها في القطاع الثالث، وسعى إلى توضيح الأسس القانونية التي تعتمد عليها، وبيان معايير حوكمة الجمعيات وأهم مؤشراتها، وتحديد التحديات والصعوبات التي تواجه تطبيقها بداخل الجمعيات الأهلية في المملكة، وسبل تفعيل ممارسات الحوكمة الرشيدة بما يناسب رؤية المملكة الطموحة ۲۰۳۰م. وقد توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج، واتخذ مجموعة أخرى من التوصيات، فأما النتائج فأهمها: 1- إن تجربة المملكة نحو تطبيق حوكمة الجمعيات الأهلية ساهمت في تعزيز العمل المؤسسي، ولكن لا تزال هناك بعض الإشكاليات في التطبيق بحاجة إلى تدخل من الجهات ذات العلاقة لمعالجتها. ۲- ولا يزال كثير من القائمين على إدارة الجمعيات الأهلية من أعضاء مجالس إدارة ورؤساء تنفيذين لم يدركوا أثر حوكمة الجمعيات، وأدوارهم تجاه تحقيق هذه الآثار. أما التوصيات فأهمها: ضرورة إعادة صياغة معايير الحوكمة ضمن لائحة حوكمة يتم تجسيدها في عبارات وجمل قانونية؛ لتسهيل الوصول لها ومعرفتها.

تتناول هذه القراءة بالتحليل استراتيجية إصلاح الخدمة العمومية ومستوى أدائها في ضل واقع بيروقراطي يتميز بالتعقيد، هذا الأخير الذي انعكس على علاقة الإدارة بالمواطن وخلق فجوة شكلت أزمة استمرت لسنوات مما دفع السلطات الجزائرية إلى إيجاد استراتيجية فاعلة تتمثل في تحديث الخدمة العمومية وإصلاح هياكل الدولة من العمق، بهدف القضاء على الأزمة حيث تم تكريس هذا التوجه في النصوص القانونية المتظمنة لكيفيات وأساليب التسيير الإداري والتعليمات الوزارية الذي حثت على الالتجاء إلى التقنيات الحديثة للتنظيم المتمثلة في رقمنة كل القطاعات في الدولة، والاستغناء عن الطرق البيروقراطية العتيقة بهدف القضاء على أمراض البيروقراطية وتقريب الإدارة من المواطن وتعزيز روح المواطنة.