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يهدف هذا البحث إلى محاولة إدراك النصوص الشعرية وفهمها من خلال تحليل عناصر الأسلوب فيها، وهو منهج تعتمد الدراسة فيه على تتبع لغة النص المنشود؛ باعتبارها العنصر الأهم في تفكيك النص، فتحليل جوانب الإبداع داخل نص ما يعتمد في الأساس على دراسة التراكيب اللغوية وبيان ما تمثله من دلالات، حتى يتثنى للمتلقي إدراك المغزى من النص المكتوب، فتتكشف الأفكار والغايات اتكاءً على المرتكزات الأسلوبية وعناصر البناء في النص، وهو ما يحقق بؤرة هزة التفاعل بين المرسل والمتلقي. والمنهج الأسلوبي يعني في المقام الأول بدراسة بنية لغة النص؛ لذا فموضوع البحث هنا يتناول المنهج الأسلوبي نظريًا كمدخل تمهيدي، ومن ثم تطبيقياً استناداً على نماذج شعرية مختلفة تنتمي إلى فترة العصر الجمهوري في الأدب التركي.

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is considered one of the successful Turkish authors in the twentieth century. Undoubtfully, he left his own print during the age he lived in. He wrote several books in several literary fields like poetry, novel, short story, essay writing and analysis. Although he wrote so many literary works in several fields, we often know him as a poet. I decide to make my research paper deal with the concept of sadness and distress which is the main subject for our paper. It reflects the nature of Turkish society. The reason behind that is the condition of sadness and pains in the Turkish history. Turkish people suffered from persecution and pain from the beginning of their settlement in central Asia. This resulted in deep wounds. Accordingly, the poet made use of sadness and agonies in his literary texts. We can also notice that Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is a poet and scholar in the history of literature. Hence, the poet who knows his history well, he will witness more sadness and distress. This will include, without any doubts, those two concepts intensively in his works. It is noteworthy that the poet introduced a few works in this field because of his accuracy in poetry. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is considered one of the pioneer figures in psychology. This is why we see that the poet deals with the concept of sadness and distress in a very wonderful way in his poems. This is clear in his writings about human psychology.

Necip Fazıl Kısakürek is the most important poet and thinker in the Turkish Literature in the twentieth century. He was born in May 26, 1904 in Istanbul and died in May 25, 198. Witnessing several important events in his life that lasted 78 years, the poet wrote several writings in several fields of literary types. The poet who was known as the Sayyed, was considered in the first position among poets and artists for his poetic identity. His grave is in Eyüp Sultan graveyard in his home city Istanbul. The architecture includes a study of the city structure according to the distribution of its areas. Architecture concept is divided into different periods of time as well as different styles that differ according to the differences among cultures. Every culture has its own private architectural structure. The importance of this structure appears when it is interpreted in literature such as the human soul that can be treated as stones, soil, wood ... etc. the most important aspect that makes the architecture and its aspects have such importance is visual decorum that attracts the attention of people. This is of course the highest level of artistic activities in addition to the need of people to find a place to live in. It is impossible for a work of art to pass without being noticed by the poets who introduced the themes that describe the emotions as well as human thoughts. They wrote several poems that represent different points of view about the architecture beauties and its impact on human soul. Necip Fazıl Kısakürek without any doubts is considered one of those poets whose interpretations of architectural concepts are our main concern in this study. The study includes this inclusive abstract about the poet. Then we will discuss some information about life and literary writing in addition to the works of Necip Fazıl Kısakürek because he is one of the most important poets in the twentieth century. Then the study discusses some information that deals with architectural engineering with references to the architectural aspects in the poetry of Kısakürek.

Klasik Türk edebiyatında yer alan manzum tercüme faaliyetlerine kaynaklık eden Arapça kasidelerden biri, Ahmed et-Tantarânî'nin (öl. 485/1092) büyük Selçuklu Devleti'nin meşhur veziri olan Nizâmülmülk'ü (öl. 485/1092) övmek maksadıyla kaleme aldığı Tantarâniyye kasidesidir. Musanna yapısının yanı sıra içeriğinin Hz. Muhammed için yazılan naatları çağrıştırması dolayısıyla naat sanılıp çok önem atfedilen bu kasidenin birden fazla manzum Türkçe tercümesi vardır. Kemal Paşazâde'nin (öl. 940/1534) tercümesinin yanında kasidenin Türkçe tercümelerinden en fazla öne çıkan tercüme İbrahim el-Yalvacî'nin (öl. 1293/1876) tercümesidir. Hem kaynak metinle aynı vezin ve kâfiyede yapılan hem de kaynak metnin ses tekrarına dayanan şiirsel özelliğini yakalama yoluna gidildiği bu tercüme bugüne kadar herhangi bir ilmi çalışmanın konusunu teşkil etmemiştir. Başlıca üç bölüme ayırdığımız bu çalışmada öncelikle tercümeye kaynaklık eden Tantarâniyye kasidesi ile yazarı hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir. Ardından Yalvacî'nin hayatı ve eserlerinden kısaca söz edilip söz konusu tercüme kaynak metin ile mukayeseli olarak incelenmiştir. Son olarak, söz konusu tercümenin transkripsiyonlu metni sunulmuştur.

Behcet Necatigil is considered one of the important Turkish authors in the 20th century. He was born in FATIH district in Istanbul in 1916 and died on 13 of December 1979 in Istanbul. The poet Necati started writing while he was very young. He had several important works in his short life that lasted only 63 years. Although he was creative in several and different works in literary types such as Drama, Translation, the art of conversing, and radio drama, the poet Behcet Necatigil who was known by his poetic identity, is considered one of the most important poets in Turkish literature and the successful one among them. The concept of modesty is a synonym to simplicity which includes several meanings such as not to be snobbish, or dictator which is a humane phenomenon in its concept. This concept of modesty is considered one of the positive conducts and one of the most important concepts that society respects and adopts it and eager to have it. In general, everyone aims at being a simple, moderate and not a snobbish person. Regardless of the spiritual and materialistic status of any person, this means that he adopted a lifestyle that is ordinary and simple. The poet Behcet Necatigil is one of the poets who adopted this situation all over their lives and was eager to be a moderate person. Thus, we see this concept clear in his poems. This is the reason that pushes us to write a research paper specifically on the poet Behcet Necatigil. We see that he is a person full of modesty and simplicity. He has largely and successfully used in his poems the concept of modesty as well as its derivatives. Our research paper will focus on this concept, and we will introduce a short summary about the life of the poet and his literary personality as well as his works. Then we sill study the concept of modesty in details. After that, we will expand our research paper to talk about how this concept has been used in the poems written by Behcet Necatigil.

خيريه نابى هي أحد أهم أعمال الأديب التركي يوسف نابي، وهي رسالة في النصيحة نظمها وقدمها لابنه محمد أبو الخير، كما أنها موجهة في نفس الوقت إلى المجتمع الذي يعيش فيه الأديب، تحتوي الخيرية على مجموعة من النصائح المهمة التي يجب على الأفراد أن يتحلوا بها، ومجموعة من النواهي التي يجب على الأفراد الابتعاد عنها، وهي بذلك رسالة إصلاحية اجتماعية من الدرجة الأولى، تم نظمها في وقت يمكن أن يقال عنه أنه بدايات الالتفات إلى الإصلاح في المجتمع التركي الذي بدأت تنتشر فيه أوضاع اجتماعية غير مقبولة مع بدايات القرن الثامن عشر. والخيرية بذلك تعد من اللبنات الأولى لإصلاح هذا الخلل الذي طرأ على المجتمع، ألف يوسف نابي الخيرية عام 1701م/ 1113ه، وهي منظومة في 1660 بيت، امتازت بسهولة الأسلوب ودقة اختيار الألفاظ المراد بها المعنى، ورغم أن الخيرية كانت من الإنتاج الأدبي المعروف باسم (الأدب الديواني) فإنها كانت سهلة ميسرة، يفهمها الكبير والصغير، المثقف والإنسان العادي، فقد كانت رسالة نصح موجهة لكل أفراد المجتمع، وبالتالي يجب أن تكون بلغة وأسلوب سهل، تنقسم الخيرية إلى 35 عنوانا، شملت كل جوانب الحياة الاجتماعية، مثل النهي عن ضرر نقل الكلام والسعي بالفتنة بين الناس والنهي عن المزاح، والسعي خلف المنجمين والمشعوذين، وضرورة التحلي بالصفات الحسنة، ومنها ما هو موجهة لرجال الدولة ونقد لأحوالهم التي اضطربت، وتفشت فيهم الرشوة والظلم.

هذا البحث يتناول قصيدة من قصائد شعر المهجر؛ وهي لشاعر كبير أثر في الحياة الأدبية التركية؛ وهو \"ناظم حكمت\"، وهذه القصيدة بعنوان \"الشهداء\"، كتبها موجهًا من خلالها عدة رسائل للأمة التركية بأن تستفيق من غفلتها، وتنهض وتتطور بين الأمم، وكان خطابه للشهيد وتوجيه النداء إليه يحوي معاني كثيرة أوضحناها في ثنايا هذا البحث، وقسمت هذا البحث على مبحثين، جعلت المبحث الأول عن شعر المهجر عرفته، وشرحت خصائصه، وكذلك تناولت حياة \"ناظم حكمت\" وما تعرض له في حياته من حبس ونفي خارج تركيا حتي أنه مات في موسكو، ودفن هناك. أما المبحث الثاني فتناولت فيه رسائل \" ناظم حكمت\" من خلال القصيدة ودعوته لأمته للنهوض بالوطن، وأن عليهم سماع نداء شهدائه وإلا سيظلون قابعين في تلك الحالة المتردية البعيدة عن اللحاق بركب الأمم من تطور وتقدم، وأظهرت من خلال أبيات هذه القصيدة بعضًا من جوانب البيان التي تحويها بين ثناياها من تشبيهات واستعارة وغيرهما، وإني لأرى أن أشعار ناظم حكمت جميلة شيقة سهلة.

ينقسم الزمن - فلسفيا - إلى زمن موضوعي فيزيائي وهو الذي تسير وفقه نواميس الكون جميعها، وإلى زمن ذاتي وهو زمن الوعي ويقصد به الزمن متشكلا وفق منظومة الوعي، وهو مصطلح لقي رواجه في العصر الحديث فقد عرف الزمن بكونه البناء الذاتي للزمن في مقابل بنائه الموضوعي. وقد طورت الفلسفة الحديثة نظرتها من مجرد اعتبار الزمن ظاهرة معيشة ومحسوسة، إلى اعتبار الوعي ذاته هو الزمن لتكون الزمن رديفا لحقيقة الوجود الذاتي لدى الإنسان. وقد تناولت هذه الدراسة إشكالية الزمن في الشعر التركي الحديث عند \"جاهد صدقي طارانجي\" من خلال ديوان \"الصمت في حياتي\"، من خلال نصوص شعرية حديثة. وقد تناولت هذه الدراسة في البداية التمهيد للموضوع من خلال التعريف بالزمن، الأنماط الزمنية في الزمن الأدبي، الموضوعات التي عالجها الزمن. الفصل الأول: الأنماط الزمنية ودلالتها وقد اشتمل على: مرحلة الوعي، ومرحلة التحرر والاستقلال. الفصل الثاني، الزمن والدراسة الأسلوبية، وقد اشتمل على: الزمن التقليدي، الزمن المعكوس، الزمن الدائري، الزمن المتداخل، الزمن المطلق، والزمن المتوقف.

Throughout its history, Turkish literature was rich in many currents and trends that contributed to its enrichment and diversity. Which had a great impact on those interested in Turkish literature in general and on the Turkish reader in particular. Since poetry is one of the pillars upon which literature is based; It has been observed in Turkish literature that there are poetic currents whose poets target the educated and educated category, in addition to the presence of currents whose poets target all classes of society, but rather pay attention to the ordinary uneducated people as well. As a result of the existence of these currents, we find a heritage of literary and poetic production that enriched Turkish literature in all its stages, prompting the reader to draw from it as he wanted. The second new \"İkinci Yeni\" is considered a turning point in the history of Turkish poetry in the period of republican literature; since his appearance was a reaction to the current of the stranger who preceded him, who took poetry to an easy language that reached the point of naivety; Then came the second new, bearing characteristics different from this current. Through this research, he will learn about the \"second new\" in terms of its beginning, its name by this name, and its nature in terms of being a movement or a current, as well as the reason for the poets' reluctance from the previous current, and also the most important thing that distinguished it Poetry \"The Second New\" Of the characteristics and characteristics, and finally the most important and famous poets of this current.