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"الصباغة"
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Effeciency of immobilized polyphenol oxidase on some textile dyes degradation using batch operation system by packed bed bioreactor
In the current study, three types of common plants, namely Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum),
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and Orange (Citrus sinensis) were obtained and screened for their
polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, Among the three plants, Solanum lycopersicum was chosen with
maximum enzymatic activity, it had the highest productivity of the enzyme (23733 U/mg protein).The
PPO from Solanum lycopersicum was purified using two steps: concentration by sucrose and gel
filtration by using Sephacryl S-200. The results showed an increase in the final purification folds by
2.4 times with an enzyme yield of 32.6%. The immobilization studies showed that PPO was more
stable when immobilized on chitosan by covalent linkage with immobilization ratio of 62%, in
comparison with agar-agar by entrapment method (36%). The removal efficiency of crude and partial
purified PPO was studied with textile dyes, including yellow, red, black and blue dyes at optimum
conditions: pH 5, temperature 40oC after 3 hrs. Maximum removal efficiency of dyes observed with
crude PPO were 53.9, 81.4, 86.5 and 79.6% respectively. However, purified PPO displayed removal
efficiency reached 60.3, 84.3, 84.6 and 77.5% respectively. The potential of immobilized PPO on
chitosan was evaluated by decolorization of black textile dye in packed bed bioreactor in batch
operation. The results indicated that immobilized PPO in batch operation has the ability to remove
99% of the dye after 2 hrs, and the results showed a positive relationship between the degradation rate
and incubation time in batch operation.
Journal Article
One-year follow-Up of vitiligo patients treated with autologous non-cultured melanocytes
Background: Vitiligo is a long-term multifactorial polygenic disorder, characterized by the patchy loss of pigments in the skin. Several treatments including therapeutic creams and oral drugs are used to treat vitiligo with varying degrees of success. Some medical treatments can reduce the severity of the disease, but it is difficult to cure the disorder. Autologous non-cultured melanocyte transplantation is an effective method of vitiligo treatment. The utilization of appropriate cell suspension is a safe and efficient strategy to cure such hypopigmentation disorder.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to follow up patients suffering from generalized and stable vitiligo who were treated with transplanted cells. Patients with patches in four different parts (forehead, eyelids, trunks, and hands) were selected because skin thickness varied among different body parts. We compared melanin repigmentation in these areas.
Methods: We recruited 39 patients with generalized and stable vitiligo who had patches on their forehead, eyelids, trunks, and hands. Partial grafts were taken from the gluteal regions of all patients. Epidermal cells including non-cultured melanocyte and keratinocyte suspensions were enzymatically isolated and found to be of > 98% viability. Cells were injected intraepidemally. After a 12-month follow-up, repigmentation was observed.
Results: The mean repigmentation score continued to improve up to 12 months post-transplantation. The obtained results confirmed that the cellular suspension that consisted of a mixture of epidermal cells improved to restore the normal color of the repigmentation rate. The number of received cells per cm2 positively influenced the repigmentation score. Patches located on the face, neck, and trunk areas showed significantly higher responses to treatment. The pigmentation score was classified as “poor” (1% - 25%), “moderate” (26% - 50%), and “good” (51% - 75%). This study is a research and clinical study with a brief report registered with the Ethics Committee of Avicenna Research Institute, clinical trials (letter number: 93/22/01/89), Tehran, Iran.
Conclusions: The application of autologous non-cultured melanocyte-keratinocyte cell suspension could restore the patchy skin color to a near-normal level and the majority of the patients were satisfied with the results.
Journal Article
Comparsion between Ppo from plant sources and different chemicals in tattoo dyes decolorization
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى قياس إزالة أصباغ الوشم باستخدام المواد الكيميائية المختلفة و أنزيم البولي فينول أوكسيديز من عدة مصادر نباتية. ازدهر سوق إزالة أحبار الوشم على مدار الأعوام، نظرًا لزيادة انتشار الأشخاص الموشومين حول العالم. حيث يعد الليزر و الجراحة حاليًا من المعايير الذهبية لإزالة الوشم. و مع ذلك، فإن كلاهما يعاني من عيوب. و بالتالي، فإن الكثير من الأشخاص يفضلون إجراءات أسهل و أسرع و أرخص لإزالة الوشم. في هذه الدراسة تم استخدم انزيم البولي فينول أوكسيديز من مصادر نباتية عديدة و مواد كيميائية مختلفة لإزالة أصباغ الوشم في المختبر. حيث استخدم الأنزيم لإزالة أصباغ الوشم (البني و الأزرق) لإظهار إمكانيته في علاج و إزالة تلوين الوشم، و التي تعتبر خطرة عند إزالتها بالليزر. أظهرت النتائج أن 89 و 82 ٪ من صبغة الوشم البنية و الأزرقاء على التوالي، قد تم إزالتها في غضون 24 ساعة باستخدام أنزيم البولي فينول أوكسيديز المن أوراق نبات الخباز (Malva parviflora)، في حين كانت كفاءة الأنزيم المستخلص من مصادر مختلفة في إزالة الاصباغ اقل من 16 ٪. كما أظهرت نتائج استخدام المواد الكيميائية لإزالة أصباغ الوشم أن ثنائي ميثيل بنزيلامين كان أفضل مادة كيميائية من بين المواد المستخدمة لإزالة صبغة الوشم البنية و الأزرقاء و بنسبة 36 و 38٪ على التوالي.
This study was aimed to measure the decolorization of tattoo dyes by different chemicals and polyphenol oxidases from several plant sources. The tattoo inks removal market has burgeoned over the years, due to increased spread of tattooed persons about the world. Laser and surgery are presently the gold standards for removing of the tattoo. However, both of them have blem-ishes. Consequently, lots of persons were preferring easier, faster and cheaper procedures for tattoo remove. In this study polyphenol oxidases enzyme from many plant sources and differ-ent chemicals were used for decolorization of tattoo dyes in vitro. The polyphenol oxidase en-zyme was used for removing of tattoo dyes (brown and blue) in order to demonstrate their po-tential in the treatment and decolorization of the tattoo, which is hazardous when removing by laser. The results show that 89 and 82 % of the brown and blue tattoo dyes respectively, were removed after 24 hours by enzyme extracted from Malva parviflora leaves, whereas the decol-orization efficiency of polyphenol oxidase from other plant sources given less than 16% of the same dyes. The results for tattoo dyes decolorization by different chemicals revealed that Bime-thylbenzylamine was the best chemical used with decolorization ratio 36 and 38 % for brown and blue tattoo dye, respectively.
Journal Article
Dyeing of white and indigo dyed cotton fabrics with Mimosa tenuiflora extract
Mimosa tenuiflora extract has been used in food industry as an additive and in textile and leather industry as a colorant. Two types of fabrics, ready to be dyed white and indigo dyed fabrics, were dyed with M. tenuiflora extract. The fabrics were mordanted after dyeing with six different metal salts. Colorimetric evaluations of fabrics were carried out by spectrophotometer. Colour fastness to washing, rubbing and light were performed. Colour strength of fabrics was calculated from Kubelka–Munk formula. Highest vividness (C∗) values were obtained by Ni mordant. Moderate fastness values were observed. However poor wet rubbing fastness values were observed in the case of indigo dyed fabrics due to lack of good wet rubbing fastness of indigo itself.
Journal Article