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9,032 result(s) for "الصرف"
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سعر الصرف الحقيقي التوازني
تناول الكتاب أن التقلبات الشديدة في معدلات سعر الصرف الحقيقية وعدم توافق القيمة الأسمية لسعر الصرف الرسمي مع مستواها التوازني سيؤدي إلى حدوث تكاليف كبيرة في مستوى الرفاه الاجتماعي، كما قد ينتج عن عدم تصحيح أسعار الصرف الكثير من الاختلالات على مستوى الاقتصاد الكلي ويؤثر سلبا على النمو الاقتصادي، الأمر الذي أدى بمعظم الدراسات في هذا المجال إلى البحث في المستوى المرجعي طويل الأجل للمتغيرات الأساسية التي تفسر مستوى سعر الصرف الحقيقي التوازني.
Determinants of Fiscal Multiplier
This study analyses the effects of public and government revenue on economic growth by assessing fiscal multipliers. The study also assesses the impacts and value of the determinants of the fiscal multiplier, including public debt, trade openness, and the exchange rate during the period (1998-2022). The aim of the study is achieved by employing the ARDL (Autoregressive distributive lag) during twenty-four years. The data that was gathered was analyzed using E-Views 13 software. It helps highlight the long and short-run effects of variables. The addition of determinants slightly reduced the estimated fiscal multiplier of public revenue, according to the study's results. The importance of the fiscal multiplier of government expenditure increased after adding its determinants. The study highlights that the Jordanian government must enhance its capital expenditure. It will contribute to economic development and growth. It will also encourage and attract investors to contribute to the Jordanian economy. Originality/Value- This study contributes significantly to Jordanian economic literature and the knowledge of concerned authorities. It indicates the direction of the Jordanian government and economic policymakers.
Evaluation of dairy industry wastewater treatment and simultaneous bioelectricity generation in a catalyst-less and mediator-less membrane microbial fuel cell
Increased human activity and consumption of natural energy resources have led to decline in fossil fuel. These current methods of energy production are not compatible with the environment. In this study catalyst-less and mediator-less membrane microbial fuel cell (CAML-MMFC) represents a new method for simultaneous dairy industry wastewater treatment and bioelectricity generation. The CAML-MMFC used was designed as two chambered that included an anaerobic anode and aerobic cathode compartment and was separated from each other by a proton exchange membrane. The anode and cathode electrodes were made from graphite plate. Current intensity, power density and voltage produced from wastewater as fuel were measured and the effluent from the anode compartment was examined to evaluate pollutant decrease. The maximum current intensity and power density produced were respectively 3.74 mA and 621.13 mW/m2 on the anode surface, at OLR equal to 53.22 kgCOD/m3 d and at the external resistance of 1 k Ω. The maximum voltage produced was 0.856 V at OLR equal to 53.22 kgCOD/m3 d and at temperature 35oC. The maximum coulombic efficiency of 37.16% was achieved at OLR equal to 17.74 kgCOD/m3 d. The HRT was examined as a factor influencing the power generation and when it was 5 day, maximum voltage and power density were obtained. The maximum removal efficiency of COD, BOD5, NH3, NH4+, dissolved phosphorus, phosphorus in suspended solids, SO42−, TSS, and VSS was respectively achieved at 90.46%, 81.72%, 73.22%, 69.43%, 31.18%, 72.45%, 39.43%, 70.17% and 64.6%. The results showed that generating bioelectricity and dairy industry wastewater treatment by CAML-MMFC are a good alternative for producing energy and treating wastewater at the same time.
أعمال السباكة الصحية وإمداد شبكات المياه والصرف
أعد الكتاب بأسلوب تعليمي سهل يعتمد على الشرح المبسط والمدعم بالصور التوضيحية خطوة بخطوة ليناسب أدني مستويات التعليم وروعي في تصميم الكتاب أن يبدأ بالتدريج لمن أزاد ممارسة مهنة أعمال السباكة الصحية وإمداد شبكات المواسير، فقد بدأ باستعراض العدد والأدوات اللازمة مع شرح كيفية استخدامها، ثم استعراض للأدوات الصحية المختلفة وأنواعها وطرق تركيبها ثم شرح خطوات إنشاء وإمداد خطوط مواسير مياه لمنزل أو منشأة وكذلك إنشاء خطوط الصرف.
The Relationship between Inflation and Stock Market Return
The rapid economic developments and successive crises prompted many researchers to search for ways to confront the obstacles facing investment in the financial markets, with the aim of mitigating the impact of economic variables on investment in them. Hence, this study deals with the impact of inflation on financial markets, by studying the impact of inflation on returns Stocks Because stocks are a good hedge against inflation risks, they also provide an important indicator to contribute to making decisions about the optimal diversification of assets. According to results of the analysis, the research concluded that the Inflation rate (M-OM) significant with (RDWX) (0.05) which is equal the significance level of (0.05), since that the correlation coefficient (r) was positive and weak with RDWX (0.212), according to this result we can say that there is a positive and weak relation between Inflation rate (M-O-M) and Stock market return at DSE.
إدارة السياسة الاقتصادية في ظل ترتيبات سعر الصرف المختلفة = Economic Policy
يهدف هذا الكتاب إلى محاولة التعرف على الكيفية التي تدار بها السياسة الاقتصادية في ظل نظم الصرف المختلفة، وقد تم تناول هذا الموضوع من خلال ثلاث فصول، الفصل الأول تناول مختلف المفاهيم الخاصة بالسياستين النقدية والمالية وسياسة سعر الصرف، وتناولنا من خلاله الفصل الثاني قواعد اختيار نظام سعر الصرف وإدارة السياستين النقدية والمالية، أما الفصل الثالث فقد تناولنا من خلاله الحديث عن الدور الذي يلعبه صندوق النقد الدولي على المستوى الدولي وبرامج الإصلاح في الدول العربيةـ
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Exchange Rate-Channel in Transmitting the Impact of Monetary Policy to Inflation in Algeria from \1990-2017\
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel in transmitting the impact of monetary policy to inflation in Algeria during the period (1990- 2017 ), by trying to answer the problem of the study which is: in measuring the effectiveness of the exchange rate channel in transmitting the effects of monetary policy to inflation in Algeria, relying on the SVAR autoregressive methodology. The results of the study led to the acceptance of the second hypothesis, which is that there is little relative effectiveness of the exchange rate channel in transmitting the effects of monetary policy to inflation in Algeria, which reached a rate of (0.09 %).
محددات معدل الصرف الحقيقي في مصر خلال الفترة 1991-2019
حظي موضوع معدل الصرف الحقيقي في مصر في الآونة الأخيرة باهتمام كثيف، وأثيرت التساؤلات حول العناصر أو المحددات التي يمكن أن تؤثر على معدل الصرف الحقيقي في الاقتصاد المصري. لذا، تم في هذه الدراسة تقدير المعلمات الحرجة لمحددات معدل الصرف الحقيقي في مصر خلال الفترة 1991- 2019 باستخدام طريقة المربعات الصغرى العادية الديناميكية Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) لستوك وواتسون Stock and Watson (1993). ويتم تقييم خصائص السلاسل الزمنية للمتغيرات الاقتصادية المستخدمة لتحديد رتبة التكامل لكل سلسلة لاستيفاء شروط تطبيق طريقة المربعات الصغرى العادية الديناميكية. وتظهر نتائج التقدير أن جميع المتغيرات لها إشارتها النظرية المتوقعة، والتي تؤكد وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية معنوية وموجبة بين معدل الصرف الحقيقي في مصر وكل من عرض النقود بمعناه الواسع M2 ومعدل التضخم. كما توجد علاقة معنوية سالبة بين معدل الصرف الحقيقي في مصر وكل من الاحتياطيات الدولية، الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر، تحويلات العاملين بالخارج. من ناحية أخرى، هناك علاقة سالبة، ولكن غير معنوية بين معدل الصرف الحقيقي ومعدل الفائدة على الإقراض.