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Background: Ondansetron It is a HT 3-5 serotonin receptor antagonist that is used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, as well as to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, also known as morning sickness, is usual in the eighth week of pregnancy, with an average incidence rate of 80%, and disappears in the majority of pregnant women by the sixteenth week. Hyperemesis, an acute type of the disease, affects 1 in 200 to 300 pregnancies and is linked to dehydration and nutritional deficiencies. Objectives: The aim of this research is to see how ondansetron, a cure for nausea and vomiting, affects pregnant mice fetuses. Methods: The dosage of ondansetron 8 mg/kg B.W, prepared by dissolving it in 20 ml distilled water, 20 pregnant females were given the aquatic solution from the 7th to the 18th day of pregnancy. Results: There is a percentage of congenital abnormalities, with facial anomalies, spina bifida, cleft palate, limb, and tail deformities being the most common. The study also found that this drug has histological effects on the lung, represented by congestion, bleeding, and the occurrence of emphysema. Conclusion: Since pregnancy is such a vital period in a woman's life, she must be cautious when taking medications, like ondansetron, because research on it is rare.

Background: The sensorineural hearing loss incidence ranges from 1 to 3 per 1.000 live births in term healthy neonates, and 2- 4 per 100 in high- risk infants, a 10- fold increase. Objectives: To estimate the incidence of SNHL among newborns in NICU at Al Monira Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; and to describe the distribution of risk factors associated with SNHL and the effects of their interaction. Patients and methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 710 neonates in Al Monira Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; The neonates in the study were 710 (401 Males and 309 Females) and had birth weight ranging from 680 to 5500 gm and the mean gestational age was 35.8± 3 weeks. All the cases were screened for hearing loss using the transient evoked otoacoustic emission device, followed by a second stage screening for those who failed and cases given a Refer then undergo an Automated Auditory Brainstem Response test. Results: In the studied cases, 76.7% had hyperbilirubinemia, 8.73% were of low birth weight (<1500 g), and 15.5‭% were on mechanical ventilation. In the first screening phase, 80% were given a Pass response and 20% were given a Refer response for the right ear. In the second screening phase, 91% were given a Pass, 9% were given a Refer.‬‬‬‬‬‬ Conclusion: A comprehensive intervention and management program must be an integral part of screening programs in the postnatal period. Awareness about the value of hearing screening is important. Further assessment of high prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia are needed.

Gastroschisis and omphalocele are the most frequent congenital abdominal wall defects Described in the literature since the first century. It is occurring in 1 in 4000 live births. ETHICON PHYSIOMESH™ is Flexible Composite Mesh physiologically designed for repair of hernias and fascial defects. The mesh product is composed non absorbable, macro porous polypropalene mesh laminated between two polyglecaprone-25 films. An undyed polydioxanone film provides the boned between the polyglecaprone-25 film and polypropylene mesh. Patients with large congenital abdominal wall defects (>5cm) in omaphalocel while excess protrusion of the inta abdominal viscera in gastroschisis regard less the defect size were subjected to clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations. Between March 2008 to April 2013, 21 patients presented with abdominal wall defect, six patients were excluded from analysis due to the presence of other lethal anomalies and complications not related to the surgical treatment. Diagnoses in excluded patients included Great vessels anomalies (2), central nerves system male formation (1), intestinal perforations at the time of birth (1), associated coloacal anomalies (1), mid gut atresia (1). Fifteen cases were taken up for closure within 24 - 72 hours of presentation, 8 patient went primary repair with out mesh,7cases get primary repair with physiomesh. The use of physiomesh in the repair of the neonatal major abdominal wall defect is feasible less complication with acceptable coast farther study of more number of case and long term follow up.