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مكافحة الفقر من خلال التأثير على بعض المتغيرات الاقتصادية : دراسة قياسية تحليلية لحالة الدول العربية الجزائر-مصر-السعودية-السودان
يتناول هذا الكتاب دراسة مكافحة الفقر من خلال التأثير على بعض المتغيرات الاقتصادية حيث هدفت الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على ظاهرة الفقر ودراسة قياسية تحليلية لحالة الدول العربية الجزائر من خلال تقيمم السياسات والإجراءات المتعبة من طرف حكومات الدول العربية لمكافحة ظاهرة الفقر في كل من الجزائر ومصر والسعودية والسودان.
Book
Measuring the Impact of Government Support Policies on the Phenomenon of Poverty in the Iraqi Economy for the Period 2004-2024
Poverty is one of the negative phenomena that poses a real challenge to government performance, especially with the start of political change in Iraq and its transition to a free economy, which is an economic system that relies primarily on the effectiveness of the private sector in achieving economic development as a basic factor in the national economy. According to economic theory, poverty is a phenomenon with negative dimensions that greatly affect the creation of some problems that accompany the increase in its rates. Every increase in poverty rates indicates a combination of problems, the most important of which is the emergence and spread of crimes, in addition to the increase in the rate of students leaving school. The importance of this research is that it addresses the issue of poverty quantitatively by taking into account the actual dimensions of government support policies for individuals. This reality constitutes an addition to these policies and directs support towards social activities that may be effective and influential in achieving growth rates and addressing the phenomenon of poverty. The research concluded that there is a close relationship with a positive impact in the relationship between the decline in poverty rates and government support policies represented by (social security). The research recommends searching for modern mechanisms to employ government policy and in a practical way to support individuals who deserve these benefits. The importance of the research: The research derives its importance from the fact that it addresses one of the most important problems that accompany developing countries, and was spreading at increasing rates in the Iraqi economy throughout the study period. This phenomenon was addressed by measuring the actual impact of government support policies and the most important of these policies that actually had an impact on poverty. Research objective: The research aims to demonstrate the actual impact of government support policies in achieving low rates of poverty by quantitatively tracking the poverty line in Iraq during the study period, and identifying the best policies that had a positive impact. Research problem: The phenomenon of poverty is one of the phenomena that characterize developing countries, but the increase of this phenomenon and great injustice in Iraq was a dangerous indicator. After the economic transformation in Iraq, it was necessary to move towards redistributing income in a way that is compatible with achieving low rates of poverty. Research hypothesis: The research hypothesis is that the Iraqi economy is a rich economy, and possesses many components that qualify it to get rid of the phenomenon of poverty once and for all, but the reality does not reflect the government's actual interest in influencing the high rates of poverty that were recorded throughout the study period.
Journal Article
Impact of Wage Growth on Extreme In-Work Poverty and Household Food Shortages
This study examines the causes and factors of the prevalence of working poverty among workers in the Sudanese labour market and its impacts on families’ food security. A poor worker is defined as a person who is employed in a job in the labour market but lives in a poor household. This branch of labour economics merges labour market input with welfare economics. Households’ extreme poverty with working members is a widespread phenomenon in many developing countries and has serious consequences for productivity and well-being. This study employs an instrumental variable binary probit model to control for endogeneity between household food shortage propensity and wages, using cross-sectional data from the 2022 Labour Market Framework Survey in Sudan. We construct a household food shortage indicator as a proxy measure for in-work poverty. The results demonstrate that more than 40% of workers in Sudan live in extreme poverty. The model reveals that a 100% increase in wages would reduce the tendency towards poor household’s food shortages by 50%–60%. Wages should be increased at least threefold to eliminate food shortages due to poor working families’ lack of resources prior to the necessary increase to meet other basic living needs such as education, health, adequate housing and other concerns. This means that Sudan must substantially restructure the current labour market and wages to eliminate working poverty. تتناول هذه الدراسة أسباب وعوامل انتشار الفقر بين العاملين في سوق العمل وتأثيراته على الأسر. يُعرّف العامل الفقير بأنه الشخص الذي يعمل في وظيفة في سوق العمل ولكنه يعيش في أسرة فقيرة. يجمع هذا الفرع من اقتصاديات العمل بين مدخلات سوق العمل واقتصاديات الرفاهية. يُعدّ الفقر المدقع في الأسر وفي أماكن العمل ظاهرة منتشرة في العديد من البلدان النامية، ولها عواقب وخيمة على الإنتاجية والرفاهية. تستخدم هذه الدراسة نموذج بروبيت الثنائي للمتغيرات الآلية للتحكم في مشكلة التداخل بين احتمالية نقص الغذاء والأجور، وذلك باستخدام بيانات مقطعية من مسح إطار سوق العمل في السودان عام 2022. ويُستخدم مؤشر نقص الغذاء في الأسرة كمقياس بديل للفقر بين العاملين. وقد وجدت الدراسة أن أكثر من 40% من العمال يعيشون في فقر مدقع. وقدّر النموذج أن زيادة الأجور بنسبة 100% ستخفض احتمالية نقص الغذاء على مستوى الأسرة بنسبة تتراوح بين 50 و60 نقطة مئوية. ينبغي زيادة الأجور ثلاثة أضعاف على الأقل للقضاء على نقص الغذاء الناتج عن نقص المال في الأسر العاملة الفقيرة، وذلك قبل الزيادة اللازمة لتلبية الاحتياجات الأساسية الأخرى، مثل التعليم والصحة والسكن اللائق وغيرها. وهذا يعني أن السودان بحاجة إلى إجراء إعادة هيكلة جوهرية لسوق العمل والأجور للقضاء على الفقر بين العاملين.
Journal Article
تمكين الفقراء : استراتيجيات بديلة
يشرح هذا الكتاب باستفاضة قضية الفقر والقضايا المرتبطة ومفهوم الفقر كفقر بشر في تعدد الخيارات والفرص المتاحة، وفهم وسياق الفقر، والدراسات والتجارب المتصلة بصورة منهجية تحليلية استنتاجية، والاستراتيجيات والمفاهيم المرتبطة بتمكين الفقراء كقوة في أي مجتمع لا يستهان بها، وبرامج واسترتيجيات التنمية للحد من الفقر في كثير من البلدان المتقدمة والنامية كنماذج موجهة، محللا في إطار تاريخي النموذج الأمريكي لمواجهة الفقر، وشرح باستنتاج منطقي نماذج واستراتيجيات التخفيف من الفقر، وتمكين الفقراء خاصة في اتخاذ القرار، وعرض الكتاب مستنتجاً استراتيجيات بديلة مقترحة في إطار إخفاق الاستراتيجيات والنماذج والمحاولات الدولية التاريخية السابقة في الحد من الفقر وتقوية وتمكين الفقراء، وعرض الكتاب من القضايا والتصورات لبحوث ودراسات مستقبلية لتقوية وتمكين الفقراء.
Book
The Causality Relationship between Poverty and Human Development
The goal of this paper is to explore whether there is a relationship between poverty and human development. And research in the direction of causality between these two variables in Tunisia, from 1990 to 2017 using Toda-Yamamota Granger causality approach .The findings of this analysis, revealed a strong inverse relationship between the two variables. Also, the relationship between human development and poverty exists in unidirectional direction causality. Where the Tunisian state should take some measures. To avoid the phenomenon of poverty, by focusing and activating programs, to educate the people and promote the economy. This is in the form of plans studied by thinker's researchers in the field of human development and the State's search for alternative short-term solutions through the development of projects
Journal Article
غنى الأمم وفقرها : لماذا بعضها غني جدا وبعضها فقير جدا ؟
يبحث الكتاب في دور الحكومات والسياسات العامة في توفير البنية التحتية والخدمات الأساسية مثل التعليم والصحة، ويتناول موضوعات مثل العولمة وتأثيرها على التفاوت الاقتصادي بين الدول، ويتساءل عن كيفية تحقيق التوازن بين الفوائد العالمية والتحديات المحلية. بشكل عام، ترك الكتاب بصمة في دراسة التنمية والاقتصاد الدولي كونه يشدد على أهمية الاستثمار في البنية التحتية وتحسين السياسات الاقتصادية لتحقيق التقدم والازدهار في دول العالم.
Book
Empirical Assessment of Economic Growth and Armed Conflict on Poverty in Yemen
This study examines the relationship between Economic growth, conflict and poverty using quantitative and regional data, including a comprehensive case study of Yemen. Poverty situation in Yemen is a special scenario that is beyond human reasoning because the nation is endowed with numerous material resources, but more than two-third of its population is living in abject poverty. This study examines the impact of economic growth on poverty in Yemen using secondary data spanning from (1994 to 2020). We also examine the impacts of conflict on Poverty. Poverty is an extremely pressing issue today, as it affects the vast majority of people during armed conflicts in Yemen have been ongoing since (2015). paper relies on a large and growing literature that provides evidence on the devastating impact that conflict has on poverty. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach was applied. The findings demonstrate that Yemen's poor and erratic GDP growth, along with prolonged political instability and civil wars, has resulted in a large increase in poverty rates. According to the statistical findings, economic growth has a significant negative impact on poverty, while years of conflict exacerbate poverty levels considerably. Comparative findings from Rwanda's post-conflict recovery highlight the importance of institutional and governance reforms, human capital investment, improved security, entrepreneurial activity, and solid economic policies for long-term poverty reduction. The study provides evidence-based recommendations for policymakers on how to promote inclusive economic growth, improve social protection, stabilize political conditions, and invest in infrastructure and human development, paving the way for Yemen to move away from conflict-induced poverty and towards sustainable development.
Journal Article
Rethinking and Reconceptualizing Economics to Eradicate Inequalíty and Poverty
Poverty in inner cities and rural areas of 'rich' America is shocking for many which remains invisible to policymakers. It is clear that if pervasive and intransigent poverty can exist in America, it can exist anywhere. This paper focuses on actualizing Asad Zaman's (2018) suggestions in order to move forward so we can create and implement sustainability. It also tries to integrate his suggestions into die broader movement to Rethink and Reconceptualize Economics in order to effectuate a broad¬ based policy for the eradication of inequality and poverty.
Journal Article