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هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن توقف عمليات إنقاذ المفقودين، من خلال دراسة فقهية. وارتكزت الدراسة على عدة مباحث، تناول المبحث التمهيدي تعريف عمليات الإنقاذ، ومن يقوم بها، من حيث، تعريف الإنقاذ في اللغة والمراد بعمليات الإنقاذ. وكشف المبحث الأول عن مسؤولية الإنقاذ في الشريعة الاسلامية، وتضمن هذا المبحث مطلبان، المطلب الأول: حكم إنقاذ المصاب، المطلب الثاني: مسؤولية الامتناع عن إنقاذ المصاب. وركز المبحث الثاني عن إيقاف عمليات الإنقاذ، واشتمل هذا المبحث مطلبان، المطلب الأول: مسوغات إيقاف عمليات الإنقاذ من حيث (استفراغ الجهد في عمليات الإنقاذ وقول أهل الخبرة-والترجيح بين منفعة استمرار عمليات الإنقاذ وضررها، وطلب أولياء المفقود إيقاف عمليات الإنقاذ)، المطلب الثاني: الأثر المترتب على إيقاف عمليات الإنقاذ. وبينت نتائج الدراسة ان معني الإنقاذ في الاصطلاح لا يخرج عن معناه في اللغة وهو الاستخلاص والإنجاء من الهلكة والفوت، وتتنوع عمليات الإنقاذ باعتبارات مختلفة وأهمها اعتبار حجم العمل وتنقسم إلى عمليات الإنقاذ الخفيف، والثقيل. كما بينت النتائج أن الفقهاء اتفقوا على أن إنقاذ المصاب ومن يخشى عليه الهلاك من فروض الكفاية، كما اتفقوا على أن من امتنع عن تقديم العون لمن يحتاجه حتى مات أنه يأثم، واختلفوا في مسؤوليته الجنائية والمدنية. واوصت الدراسة بضرورة إنشاء لجنة دائمة للنظر في حالات تعذر مواصلة البحث وانتشال جثث المفقودين، ويشارك فيها جهات شرعية وقضائية من الرئاسة العامة للبحوث العملية والافتاء ووزارة العدل، وضرورة نشر الوعي بين الناس بالتسليم بقضاء الله وقدرة عند وقوع الحوادث، وأن بقاء جثث ذويهم في أماكن احتجازها عند العجز عن انتشالها ليس فيه محذور شرعي، ولا يترتب عليهم جراء ذلك إثم ولا تقصير. كُتب هذا المستخلص من قِبل دار المنظومة 2018

Background : Advanced ambulance service (Emergency Medical Services / EMS) is considered to be an integral part of emergency medical care as the first assets responding to emergencies and disasters in the prehospital setting in most developed countries. Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the current situation of Shiraz’s EMS by comparing data obtained during two different time periods. Materials and Methods : This is a retrospective analytic and comparative study in which data obtained from Shiraz EMS during two one-year periods (21st of March 2011 to 20th of March 2012 and 22nd of September 1999 to 21st of September 2000) were compared. Furthermore, these data were also compared with available data from Gothenburg’s EMS (2010). Results : Of 84084 missions performed by Shiraz EMS during one year trauma cases were the most common [39282 (46.7 %)]. The most common cause of trauma was road traffic accidents (RTA) (27257; 76.5 %). Near 56 % of all patients were transported to hospitals ; some 47 % by ambulances and 8.8 % by private cars. Around 36.2 % of patients received definitive medical treatment at the scene. While there was an increase in response and evacuation times, the number of deaths at scene before ambulance arrival decreased. Conclusions : Although Shiraz’s EMS has expanded during last decade and the mortality rate at scene has decreased, the number of RTA-related trauma cases, along with the response and evacuation time, has increased. More than one third of the patients received definitive treatment and could be dismissed directly from the scene. Standardized triage and treatment protocols are needed to improve the EMS activity.

Background: Trauma is a major healthcare challenge worldwide. In developing countries, most road deaths happen during the pre-hospital phase; consequently, pre-hospital trauma care has received considerable attention during the past decades. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of pre-hospital oxygen therapy in patients with multiple trauma. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the year 2013. The study population consisted of all patients with multiple trauma who had been transferred by emergency medical services to the central trauma department in Shahid Beheshti Medical Center, Kashan, Iran. The data collection instrument had three parts including demographic, a trauma assessment, and an oxygen therapy quality assessment questionnaires that were designed by the researchers. In total, 350 patients with multiple trauma were recruited from March through July 2013. Data were described by using frequency tables, central tendency measures, and variability indices. Moreover, we analyzed data by using the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and the logistic regression analysis. Results: The study sample consisted of 263 (75.1%) males and 87 (24.9%) female patients. Overall, 211 patients needed oxygen therapy during the pre-hospital phase; however, only 35 (16.60%) patients had received oxygen. The quality of oxygen therapy was undesirable in 92.42% of cases. In addition, 83.4% of patients, whose pre-hospital records indicated the administration of oxygen, reported that they had not received oxygen therapy. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the place of accident and the level of patients' education were significant predictors for administration of oxygen during the pre-hospital phase (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The quality of pre-hospital oxygen therapy had been provided for the patients with multiple trauma was poor while these patients, particularly patients with chest traumas and head injuries, were in urgent need of oxygen therapy. Consequently, developing and implementing standard evidence-based oxygen therapy protocols and administrating continuous education programs are recommended.