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This study aims to investigate the quality, nutritional value and therapeutic properties of essential oil of the Eruca sativa Mill. Our study evaluated the nutritional value of essential oil of the E. sativa by locating the content of moisture, carbohydrates, vitamins, mineral (nutritional and toxic) elements and fatty acids. Also, determined the quality of E. sativa essential oil by physicochemical parameters. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoids content (TFC) were determined. This study also evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activities by two methods. The yield of the essential oil extracted (w/ w) was 0.3 % and chemically analyzed. The results of the study show that the oil has a high nutritional value that proved to be particularly rich in mineral nutrients and fatty acids. The results indicated that essential oil of E. sativa has higher resistance to autoxidation, higher quality, longer shelf life, suitable for use as salad, chocolate or cooking oil and edible. The results showed that essential oil of the E. sativa has significant antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms, including seven human pathogenic bacteria showed resistance to some antibiotics.

Processing/cooking starchy foods at high temperatures such as French fries and other baked goods produces toxic chemicals, including acrylamide. Acrylamide (ACR) is known to cause many toxic effects in various organs of the body, including the testicles. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Eruca sativa leaves ethanolic extract (ESLE) , against acrylamide-induced biochemical and histological alterations in rat testis. Rats (n=30) , were randomly assigned to five equal groups as follow: Group 1, served as normal control; Group 2, model control, received 50 mg/kg BW/day of ACR to induce infertility; groups 3 to 5 received ESLE-1, ESLE-2 and clomid (Clo, infertility drug reference) at concentrations of 250, 500 and 1.2 mg/kg BW/day by oral gavage for 28 days, respectively followed by ACR. Treatment of rats with ACR caused a significant increased (P ≤ 0.05) in sperm abnormalities and testis malonaldehyde (MDA) by 471.32 and 292.1%, respectively compared to the normal animals. Also, sperm count, sperm motility, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) content were significant (P ≤ 0.05) decreased by -93.78, -68.95, -80.84, -76.98 and -89.16%, respectively. Furthermore, testis antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activities were decreased by -79.29, -81.09 and -80.74%, respectively, compared to the normal control rats. Additionally, liver dysfunction and harmful histopathological changes in testicular tissue were observed as ACR treatment. However, intervention with ESLE (500 mg/kg) significantly (P ≤ 0.05) restored most of these parameters to levels close to normal. In conclusion, these observations serve as a foundation for using ESLE to treat and/or prevent ACR toxicity. Therefore, we suggested including fresh Eruca Sativa leaves and their extracts into our daily meals, beverages, and pharmaceutical formulations.