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隐纹花松鼠(Tamiops swinhoei)广布于我国南方各省且十分常见,但对其食性与生态研究却罕有报道,为进一步开展其觅食生态学研究,通过高通量测序技术测定贵州荔波茂兰喀斯特地区的隐纹花松鼠个体样本的胃容物。结果表明:从茂兰喀斯特地区的隐纹花松鼠胃容物中鉴定出植物7门73科109属,动物8门82科120属。其中,植物主要包括壳斗科(Fagaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)、平藓科(Neckeraceae)、山茱萸科(Cornaceae)、胡桃科(Juglandaceae)和毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)等物种,动物主要包括刺蛾科(Limacodidae)、蝽科(Pentatomidae)、匍蠊科(Blaberidae)和步行虫科(Carabidae)等物种。研究结果可为隐纹花松鼠及其同域分布物种的保护与管理提供依据。

Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce, we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang （和尚） Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents. Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth, and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones have a peak at a subsurface depth of 5 to 10 cm. An accompanying peakin 17β（H）, 21β（H）-hop-22（29）-ene （diploptene） and a shift to less negative n-alkane carbon isotopic values also identify this layer in the karst soil. This pattern indicates the existence of a subsurface soil layer in which the microorgan- isms that produce these compounds are espe- cially abundant. The carbon isotopic values of individual plant wax n-alkanes are about 3%0 greater at the base of the 30- to 40-cm soil profile than

Guizhou Province is an important karst area in the world and a fragile ecological area in China. Ecological risk assessment is very necessary to be conducted in this region. This study investigates different characteristics of the spatial-temporal changes of vegetation cover in Guizhou Province of Southern China using the data set of SPOT VEGETATION（1999–2015） at spatial resolution of 1-km and temporal resolution of 10-day. The coefficient of variation, the Theil-Sen median trend analysis, and the Mann-Kendall test are used to investigate the spatial-temporal change of vegetation cover and its future trend. Results show that： 1） the spatial distribution pattern of vegetation cover in Guizhou Plateau is high in the east whereas low in the west. The average annual normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） from west to east is higher than that from south to north. 2） Average annual NDVI improved obviously in the past 17 years. The growth rate of average annual NDVI is 0.028/10 yr, which is slower than that of vegetation in the country（0.048/10 yr） from 1998 to 2007. Average annual NDVI in karst area is lower than that in non-karst area. However, the growing rate of average annual NDVI in karst area（0.030/10 yr） is faster than that in non-karst area（0.023/10 yr）, indicating that vegetation coverage increases more rapidly in karst area. 3） Vegetation coverage in the study area is stable overall, but fluctuates in the local scales. 4） Vegetation coverage presents a continuous increasing trend. The Hurst exponent of NDVI in different vegetation types has an obvious threshold in various elevations. 5） The proportion of vegetation cover with sustainable increase is higher than that of vegetation cover with sustainable decrease. The improvement in vegetation cover may expand to most parts of the study area.

The karst critical zone is an essential component of the carbon （C） pool, constituting the global C cycle. It is referred to as one of the ＂residual land sink＂ that remains largely in- determinate. Karst area （2.2×10^7 km^2） comprises 15% of the world＇s land area, and karst area comprises 3.44~106 km^2 of area in China. Due to the complexity of karst structure and its considerable heterogeneity, C sequestration rate estimations contain large inaccuracies, especially in relation to the different methods used in calculations. Therefore, we reevaluated rock weathering-related C sink estimations in China （approximately 4.74 Tg C yr^-1）, which we calibrated from previous studies. Additionally, we stipulated that more comprehensive re- search on rock-soil-biology-atmosphere continuum C migration is essential to better under- stand C conversion mechanisms based on uncertainty analyses of C sink estimations. Moreover, we stressed that a collective confirmation of chemical methods and simulated models through a combined research effort could at least partially eliminate such uncertainty. Furthermore, integrated C cycling research need a long-term observation of the carbon flux of multi-interfaces. The enhanced capacity of ecosystem C and soil C pools remains an effective way of increasing C sink. Karst ecosystem health and security is crucial to human social de- velopment, accordingly, it is critical that we understand thresholds or potential C sink capacities in karst critical zones now and in the future.

Soil degradation, including rocky desertification,of the karst regions in China is severe. Karst landscapes are especially sensitive to soil degradation as carbonate rocks are nutrient-poor and easily eroded. Understanding the balance between soil formation and soil erosion is critical for long-term soil sustainability, yet little is known about the initial soil forming processes on karst terrain. Herein we examine the initial weathering processes of several types of carbonate bedrock containing varying amounts of non-carbonate minerals in the SPECTRA Critical Zone Observatory, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. We compared the weathering mechanisms of the bedrock to the mass transfer of mineral nutrients in a soil profile developed on these rocks and found that soil formation and nutrient contents are strongly dependent upon the weathering of interbedded layers of more silicate-rich bedrock（marls）. Atmospheric inputs from dust were also detected.

Heavy metal pollution in karst mountainous area of Guizhou has spread due to the long-term exploitation of mineral resources and the improper disposal of environmentally hazardous waste. Heavy metals are characterised by non-degradation, strong toxicity, and constant accumulation, posing a grave threat to karst mountain fragile soil ecosystem. To reduce the harm caused by heavy metal pollution and damage to agricultural products, research was undertaken on the basis of previous work by simulating pot experiments on pak choi cabbage（Brassica rapa chinensis）planted in Cd-contaminated soil： different amounts of organic mineral fertilisers（OMF） compared with chemical fertiliser（CF） were used and by detecting the amount of heavy metal in the mature vegetable, a better fertilisation strategy was developed. The results showed that the Cd content in vegetables grown with CF was 23.70 mg/kg,while that of vegetables grown with OMF and bacterial inoculant was the lowest at 15.13 mg/kg. This suggests that the use of OMF and microbes in karst areas not only promotes plant growth but also hinders plant absorption of heavy metal ions in the soil. In addition, through the collection of pot leachate, the detection of water chemistrycharacteristics, and the calculation of the calcite saturation index, it was found that the OMF method also induces certain carbon sink effects. The results provide a new way in which rationalise the use of OMFs in karst areas to alleviate soil heavy metal pollution and increase soil carbon sequestration.

This study investigated the distribution of six pollutant elements（Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and As）, and their relationship to soil organic carbon（SOC） in five soil profiles in the Puding area. Results show SOC content decreased exponentially to the depth of soil profiles; the vertical distribution patterns of SOC in soil profiles were partially controlled by land use. The concentrations of these pollutant elements in most soils were lower than background values, indicating that the local soil was less likely to be contaminated by foreign inputs. Geo-accumulation index values of these elements in most soil samples were less than 1, suggesting that the soil of this area may not be polluted. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, As, and Zn in soils from all land use types were significantly negatively correlated with SOC contents. Geochemical approaches confirmed that the soil of this area was less influenced by pollutant elements.

Focusing on sustainability of water resources and ecology in the complex karst critical zone, we illustrated functions of the hydro-geochemical analysis on hydrology from the aspects of connection and interaction among hydrology–vegetation–soils/rock fractures along the karst subsurface profile. We reviewed isotopic and geochemical interpretations on tracing water sources for plant uptake, quantifying watershed outlet flow composition and residence times, and evaluating long-term evolution among climate–landscape–hydrology in the karst critical zone. In this paper, the application of the hydro-geochemical analysis on the above aspects in the karst areas of southwest China was summarized.

In karst regions,the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear. We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO2,Al2 O3,Fe2 O3,CaO,MgO,P2 O5,K2 O,and MnO contents in the soils of slope land,plantation forest,secondary forest,and primary forest,as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China. Geostatistics,principal component analysis（PCA）,and canonical correlation analysis（CCA） were applied to analyze the field data. The results show that SiO2 was the predominant mineral in the soils（45.02%–67.33%）,followed by Al2 O3 and Fe2 O3. Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence,except for CaO,MgO,and P2 O5 in the plantation forest,MgO and P2 O5 in the secondary forest,and CaO in the slope land. Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems. Soil mineral oxide components,the main factors in all ecosystems,had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties. There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation,topography,and conventional soil properties. Mineral oxide components affected species diversity,organic matter and nitrogen levels.

With the development of hydropower in the karst area of Southwest China, a series of cascade canyon reservoirs have been formed through the construction of dams. Given that hydrodynamic conditions in canyon reservoirs play a pivotal role in controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of physical and chemical properties of the stored water, hydrodynamic characteristics are of great importance in understanding biogeochemical cycles in those reservoirs. To further this understanding, a field campaign was conducted in the Wujiangdu Reservoir of Guizhou Province. It was found that from the reservoir inlet to the front of the dam, velocity（v） was negativelycorrelated and had a logarithmic relationship with distance along the ship track（s） under dry-season flow conditions[v =-0.104 ln（s） ＋ 0.4756]. Analysis showed that dryseason flow velocity had no significant correlation with water temperature, p H, or dissolved oxygen（DO）. However, when velocity decreased to 0.061 m/s, water depth increased abruptly. In addition, DO displayed a sudden drop and the trend in p H changed from increasing to decreasing, while water temperature showed an opposite trend, indicating the existence of a transition zone from the river to the reservoir.