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目的探讨围孕期被动吸烟、染烫发、噪音污染、装修污染4种生活因素与新生儿先天性心脏病的关系。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法,对270名病例及1 633名对照进行一对一问卷调查。采用广义线性模型分析围孕期生活因素对先天性心脏病的影响。结果在建立的2个模型中均未发现妇女围孕期染烫发与先天性心脏病的关联,而围孕期妇女被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染均能增加新生儿先天性心脏病发生的风险。校正完所有的混杂因素后发现,被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染的OR值分别为1.771（95%CI：1.079-2.909）、2.079（95%CI：1.310-3.298）、2.494（95%CI：1.511-4.116）。结论妇女围孕期被动吸烟、噪音污染、装修污染是新生儿先天性心脏病发生的危险因素,为预防新生儿先天性心脏病的发生,应注意避免围孕期被动吸烟、噪音污染及装修污染。

It is well known that age influences organism mobility. This was demonstrated in vertebrates （such as mammals and birds） but has been less studied in invertebrates with the exception of Drosophila and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we studied the influence of age on the mobility of the orb-weaving spider Zygiella x-notata during web construction. The orb-web is a good model because it has a characteristic geometrical structure and video tracking can be used to easily follow the spider＇s movements during web building. We investigated the influence of age （specifically chronological age, life span, and time till death） on different parameters of spider mobility during the construction of the capture spiral （distance traveled, duration of construction, spider velocity, spider movement, and spider inactivity） with a generalized linear model （GLM） procedure adjusted for the spider mass. The re- sults showed that neither chronological age, nor life span affected the mobility parameters. However, when the time till death decreased, there was a decrease in the distance traveled, the duration of the construction of the capture spiral, and the spider movement. The spider velocity and the time of inactivity were not affected. These results could be correlated with a decrease in the length of the silky thread deposited for the construction of the capture spiral. Spiders with a shorter time till death built smaller web using less silk. Thus, our study suggests strongly that time till death affects spider mobility during web construction but not the chronological age and thus may be a good indicator of senescence.

The paper studies a generalized linear model（GLM）yt = h（xt^T β） ＋ εt,t = l,2,...,n,where ε1 = η1,ε1 =ρεt ＋ηt,t = 2,3,...;n,h is a continuous differentiable function,ηt＇s are independent and identically distributed random errors with zero mean and finite variance σ^2.Firstly,the quasi-maximum likelihood（QML） estimators of β,p and σ^2 are given.Secondly,under mild conditions,the asymptotic properties（including the existence,weak consistency and asymptotic distribution） of the QML estimators are investigated.Lastly,the validity of method is illuminated by a simulation example.

F-test is the most popular test in the general linear model. However, there is few discussions on the robustness of F-test under the singular linear model. In this paper, the necessary and sufficient conditions of robust F-test statistic are given under the general linear models or their partition models, which allows that the design matrix has deficient rank and the covariance matrix of error is a nonnegative definite matrix with parameters. The main results obtained in this paper include the existing findings of the general linear model under the definite covariance matrix. The usage of the theorems is illustrated by an example.

學術論文發表與被引用次數是高等教育評估大學教師研究影響力的主要測量指標，常被視為教育政策擬定、大學重要決策與資源分配的參照值。目前學術發表影響力之相關研究大多以書目學或引文計量為主，本研究目的有二：一為從學院、系所、個人三個層次，考驗學院領域、系所生師比、個人學術年資、指導研究生畢業人數、職等、國內（或國外）博士學位，以及性別等社會因素與大學教師學術發表影響力的關係；二為考量教育資料之階層結構，應用廣義線性混合效果模型樹分析具有巢套和群集特性之數據，進而釐清各因素與大學教師學術影響力之影響效果，藉此提供高等教育發展和大學機構決策者實證取向之資料為依據，落實扶植與優化國內大學教師學術發表影響力之理念與措施。本研究以臺灣南部某研究型綜合大學之教師為研究對象，從九個學院中抽取50個系所的800名大學教師為樣本。研究發現：一、學院是影響教師學術影響力最重要的因素，相較於人文社會領域，以引文計量為測量指標之學術研究影響力對自然科學領域較為有利；二、系所的生師比僅對自然科學領域學院教師之學術影響力有影響；三、研究生畢業人數與學術年資對不同領域教師之學術發表影響力皆為正向；四、大學教師的學術發表影響力因職等與國內（或國外）學位而有所差異，性別則未呈現顯著差異。

This study focused on the quantitative evaluation of the impact of the spatio-temporal scale used in data collection and grouping on the standardization of CPUE (catch per unit effort). We used the Chinese squid-jigging fishery in the northwestern Pacific Ocean as an example to evaluate 24 scenarios at different spatio-temporal scales, with a combination of four levels of temporal scale (weekly, biweekly, monthly, and bimonthly) and six levels of spatial scale (longitude×latitude: 0.5°×0.5°, 0.5°×1°, 0.5°×2°, 1°×0.5°, 1°×1°, and 1°×2°). We applied generalized additive models and generalized linear models to analyze the 24 scenarios for CPUE standardization, and then the differences in the standardized CPUE among these scenarios were quantified. This study shows that combinations of different spatial and temporal scales could have different impacts on the standardization of CPUE. However, at a fine temporal scale (weekly) different spatial scales yielded similar results for standardized CPUE. The choice of spatio-temporal scale used in data collection and analysis may create added uncertainty in fisheries stock assessment and management. To identify a cost-effective spatio-temporal scale for data collection, we recommend a similar study be undertaken to facilitate the design of effective monitoring programs.

广义签密和组合公钥密码都可以实现加密、签名和签密共用一对密钥, 并且广义签密还可以实现三者共用一个算法. 结合这两个概念, 本文提出广义代理签密的概念. 广义代理签密可以实现代理签名和代理签密共用一个算法和一对密钥. 对于具有大量用户的系统、存储空间受限的系统或功能需求有变化的系统, 它会带来效率的明显提高. 本文给出了广义代理签密在基于身份的密码体制下的形式化定义和安全模型, 并基于双线性对提出一个在标准模型中安全的基于身份的广义代理签密方案. 方案具有在代理签密模式下可公开验证、防止代理密钥暴露攻击、可以自代理、具有较短的系统公开参数以及在原始签名(签密)者和代理签名(签密)者之间不需要安全信道的特点. 本文方案在适应性选择密文、选择身份和选择授权攻击下的保密性安全性可以归结为DBDH困难问题; 在适应性选择消息、选择身份和选择授权攻击下, 本文方案的不可伪造性安全性可以归结为CDH困难问题. 最后, 本文对方案的效率进行了比较, 结果表明它是属于高效的方案.

O211.61; 研究了响应变量随机缺失情况下部分线性单指标模型的非参数部分检验问题,检验非参数部分预测变量同响应变量之间是否存在非线性关系.用参数和非参数函数的借补估计对缺失响应变量进行插值,并基于借补估计构造了广义似然比检验统计量,证明了其渐近分布性质.