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介绍了黑龙江科技学院图书馆引入志愿服务所采用校青年志愿者协会提供的服务和自行招募义务馆员两种主要形式及实践经验，阐述了征募义务馆员可以使图书馆志愿服务活动常态化、制度化，更符合于平稳发展时期图书馆所需要的协助服务。

For older adults, participating in volunteer service is a process not only for serving others but also for learning, undergoing role reconstruction, and exploring the meaning of life. This study investigated how older adults learn and reflect on the meaning of life while participating in volunteer service. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with eight older adults volunteering at regional hospitals in Taiwan, and the contents of the interviews were analyzed using qualitative methods. The participants in this study were at least 60 years old and have at least three years of volunteer service experience. Volunteers who had contact with emergency patients were prioritized because volunteering in emergency settings may have a stronger effect on the volunteers’ lives than volunteering in other settings. The results of the analysis indicated the following: 1. active participation in volunteer service can help older adults maintain their quality of life and both physical and mental health, therefore

本研究旨在探究服務學習與志願服務之比較，並進一步研究我國各級學校於正式課程融入服務學習情形，採問卷調查法，發出4,047份問卷，回收有效問卷計2,046份，有效問卷回收率50.6%，以次數分配方法進行資料分析。本研究結果如下：一、服務學習為一種整合學科課程，增進學生個人成長及公民責任之教學方法。服務學習及志願服務雖有相似之處，惟兩者於法律依據、基本精神、服務者主動性、服務訓練規定、發展歷程階段、服務組織及項目、推動單位、服務方案、後續考核仍有所不同。二、應加強服務服務意義及特質宣導，增進學生、家長、教師、學校、社會大眾對服務學習之正確認知，釐清與志願服務差異，配合教育主管機關於升學制度變革，擴大服務學習成果。三、研究顯示，105學年度各級學校開設服務學習有關課程者為76%，大學校院開設服務學習課程者為96%，高中職為94%，國中為73%，國小為61%，可見多元與互惠的服務學習，成為各校改善教學品質之教學策略或教學法。四、105學年度大學校院大多於必修的校訂共同課程融入服務學習（佔61.7%），高中以綜合活動科目較多（佔57.2%），高職以專業科目較多（佔14.9%），國中小學以綜合活動科目較多（佔85.9%）。

Three faith-based development organizations (FBDOs) in Cairo and the popular religious star, Amr Khaled, illustrate the melding of Islamic piety and neoliberal development. Together they produce a \"pious neoliberalism\" that transforms both Islamic charity and neoliberalism as they narrate an Islamic solution to social problems. Their narration links volunteerism, self-help rhetoric, and management science to piety. Focusing on three Islamic development organizations, this study demonstrates how they promote financial investment, entrepreneurship, and business skills as important components of religiosity. The combination of piety and neoliberal values illustrates a new space of compatibility between neoliberalism and Islamism that changes both the spaces for and impact of Islamic da'wa (preaching) in Cairo. FBDOs alter socioeconomic space in Cairo as they insert religiosity into spaces previously seen as un-Islamic. The research contributes to our understanding of the compatibility between religious and neoliberal values through an introduction to the concept of pious neoliberalism. It contributes to our understanding of the changing role of FBDOs in the Middle East and the spatiality of such transformations.

The purpose of reference service evaluation is to understand whether the reference service, including reference processes and reference results, have met the need of patron's reference need to improve and to enhance the quality of reference services. In the virtual reference service environment, service quality relies not only on the resources, and the online interactive interviews, but also the system and technology needed for virtual reference environment. The purpose of this study is to identify the proper reference evaluation indicators for virtual reference service. This study first constructs a virtual reference service environment. A virtual reference room includes features of voice chat, text communication, and co-browsing web pages. Nine volunteer librarians and thirty patrons with genuine reference questions are recruited for the study to simulate the real online reference situation. By analyzing the different features of traditional and virtual reference services, three dimensions of evaluation ind

Asia and the Pacific have been increasingly becoming home to a very large proportion of older persons. It is also known that women are the majority of the senior population in most countries and age differently from men. This study aims to understand what successful aging means to elderly women in Taiwan, a country where the proportion of the elderly population has become the largest in Southeast Asia since 1990. In-depth interviews with 14 older female volunteers were analyzed to identify the components of successful aging. The respondents defined successful aging as follows: (1) being healthy, (2) having no financial worries, (3) maintaining connections with family and friends, (4) contributing to society, and (5) desiring a good death, not longevity. Gender roles and Asian culture were seen to be intertwined with these women's perceptions, which contribute to rethinking existing models and literature in both gerontology and women's studies. The findings of this study can also facilitate better programs and services for women so that they can reach a good old age.