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采用非损伤性取样法监测野生动物的生理状态已被广泛接受,但分析结果却因对粪便样品的抽提和检测方法不同而异。本文以圈养滇金丝猴为研究对象,分别采用乙醇加热法、乙醇-蒸馏水法和乙醇-丙酮法对其粪便样品进行激素抽提,然后采用放射免疫分析法(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测其雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)水平。结果表明,不论采用RIA还是ELISA检测,选用乙醇加热法和乙醇蒸馏水法所抽提样品的孕酮和雌二醇测定结果均不存在显著差异,而采用乙醇丙酮法所抽提样品的孕酮测定结果显著低于前面两种方法所测定的结果。综合考虑平均含量、相对误差、变异系数及抽提步骤的可行性,建议选用乙醇加热法抽提和RIA检测滇金丝猴粪样中孕酮与雌二醇水平。

目的 总结分析放射免疫分析法检测血清癌胚抗原(cea)对肺部良恶性疾病的诊断价值.方法 采用碘[125Ⅰ]放射免疫分析法对经病理诊断的331例肺癌和98例结核病患者血清cea进行对照检测.结果 肺癌患者血清cea阳性率为29.61％,显著高于结核病患者(p＜0.01)；血清cea对肺癌诊断的灵敏度为29.61％,特异度100％,阳性预测值为100％,阴性预测值为29.61％;其中肺腺癌血清cea阳性率最高(54.55％),cea浓度也最高,以上两参数与小细胞肺癌(sclc)和鳞癌相比均有显著性差异(p均＜0.01)；cea阳性率在早中期及晚期肺癌无显著性差异,但cea浓度伴随肿瘤分期愈晚浓度越高,差异有统计学意义(p＜0.01).结论 放射免疫分析法检测血清cea浓度特异度高,对肺癌的诊断、病情评估有重要参考价值.

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of varicocele on the morphology and function of Leydig cells in the rat testis. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups： the experimental group underwent surgery to create a left varicocele （VC）, and the control group underwent a sham operation. Serum testosterone and intratesticular testosterone levels were measured using a radioimmunoassay after 4 and 8 weeks of operation. Leydig cells were studied for apoptosis and expression of steroidogenetic acute regulatory （STAR） protein mRNA levels. Serum testosterone levels declined after 4 and 8 weeks of operation but were not significant （P〉0.05）. However, the intratesticular testosterone levels after 8 weeks were significantly decreased compared with the control group （P〈0.01）. The mean apoptosis index of Leydig cells in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group after 4 or 8 weeks （P〈0.01）. StAR mRNA levels in the Leydig cells of the experimental group were significantly lower compared to those of the control group （P〈0.01）. Our data show that varicocele did impair Leydig cell function by increasing apoptosis and suppressing the expression of the StAR protein.

Aim： To investigate the effects of diosgenin （Dio）, a naturally occurring steroid saponin, on goiter formation in a mouse model of Graves’ disease （GD） and the underlying mechanisms. Methods： Female BALB/c mice were injected with adenovirus expressing the A subunit of thyrotropin receptor to induce GD. The mice were treated with Dio （20, 100 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip） for 12 or 24 d. The serum levels of TT4 and TRAb were examined using radioimmunoassay and electrochemiluminescence. The size and morphology of thyroid glands were examined. Thyrocyte proliferation was determined using BrdU incorporation assay. The expression of proliferation-associated proteins IGF-1, NF-κB, cyclin D1, and PCNA in thyroids was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Results： The GD mice showed significantly high serum levels of TRAb and TT4 compared to the normal mice. Treatment of the GD mice with Dio for 24 d dose-dependently reduced the TT4 level and thyroid size, but did not affect the abnormal level of TRAb. Furthermore, Dio treatment dose-dependently reversed the morphological changes and reduced excessive thyrocyte proliferation in thyroids of the GD mice. Dio treatment also dose-dependently reduced the mRNA and protein levels of IGF-1, NF-κB, cyclin D1, and PCNA in thyroids of the GD mice. Conclusion： Dio relieves goiter in a mouse model of GD through the inhibition of thyrocyte proliferation. The mechanisms involve the suppression of IGF-1, NF-κB, cyclin D1, and PCNA expression.