Explore the vast range of titles available.

1前言 在世界范围内肺癌居癌症发病率和死因之首,全球每年发病约250万人,每年有超过160万人死于肺癌。在我国肺癌的发病形势更加严峻,2010年新发肺癌605,900人,死亡486,600人。

在世界范围内肺癌均居癌症发病率和死因之首，全球每年发病约2，500，000人，每年有超过1，600，000人死于肺癌。在我国肺癌的发病形势更加严峻，据《2012年中国肿瘤年报》

Background The National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) collected population‐based cancer registration data in 2012 from local registries and estimated the cancer incidence and mortality in China. Methods In the middle of 2015, 261 cancer registries submitted reports on new cancer cases and deaths occurred in 2012. Qualified data from 193 registries were used for analysis after evaluation. Crude rates, number of cases, and age‐standardized rates stratified by area (urban/rural), sex, age group, and cancer type were calculated according to the national population in 2012. Results The covered population were 198,060,406 from 193 qualified cancer registries (74 urban and 119 rural registries). The major indicators of quality control, percentage of cases morphologically verified (MV%), death certificate‐only cases (DCO%), and the mortality to incidence (M/I) ratio, were 69.13%, 2.38%, and 0.62, respectively. It was estimated that there were 3,586,200 new cancer cases and 2,186,600 cancer deaths in 2012 in China with an incidence of 264.85/100,000 [age‐standardized rate of incidence by the Chinese standard population (ASRIC) of 191.89/100,000] and a mortality of 161.49/100,000 [age‐standardized rate of mortality by the Chinese standard population (ASRMC) of 112.34/100,000]. The ten most common cancer sites were the lung, stomach, liver, colorectum, esophagus, female breast, thyroid, cervix, brain, and pancreas, accounting for approximately 77.4% of all new cancer cases. The ten leading causes of cancer death were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, female breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia, and lymphoma, accounting for 84.5% of all cancer deaths. Conclusions Continuous cancer registry data provides basic information in cancer control programs. The cancer burden in China is gradually increasing, both in urban and rural areas, in males and females. Efficient cancer prevention and control, such as health education, tobacco control, and cancer screening, should be paid attention by the health sector and the whole society of China.

Background： Population-based cancer registry collects the data on cancer incidence and mortality deaths from covered population to describe and survey the epidemics in certain areas. The aim of this study was to estimate the cancer incidence and mortality in Wuwei, Gansu province, Northwestern China from 2003 to 2012. The goal is to better understand cancer distribution and long-term development of cancer prevention and treatment in Wuwei. Methods： Data were collected from the Wuwei Cancer Registry between 2003 and 2012. In this registry, data from 46 cancer report centers were included in this analysis. Incidence/mortality rates, age-specific incidence/mortality rates, age-standardized incidence/mortality rates, and cumulative incidence/mortality rates were calculated. Totally, 9,836,740 person-years （5,110,342 for males and 4,726,398 for females） had been monitored over this time period. The gender ratio of male/female was 1.08：1. The number of new cancer cases and related deaths was 24,705 and 17,287 from 2003 to 2012, respectively. Results： The proportion of morphological verification was 74.43%. The incidence of cases identified through death certification only was 1.21%, and the mortality to incidence ratio was 0.70. The average crude incidence was 251.15/100,000 persons （310.61 and 186.87 for males and females per 100,000 persons, respectively）. The age-standardized rates by Chinese standard population （ASR-China） and by world standard population （ASR-world） were 207.76 and 245.42 per 100,000 persons, respectively. The crude cancer mortality was 175.74/100,000 persons （228.34 and 118.86 for males and females per 100,000 persons）. ASR for China and the world was 149.57 and 175.13/100,000 persons, respectively. The most common cancers and leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Wuwei were as follows： cancers of stomach, esophagus, liver, lung, colorectum, breast, cervix, lymphoma, blood （leukemia）, brain, and central nervous system. In Wuwei, during 2003 and 2012, cancer incidence and mortality rates increased by 1.32% and 1.3 l%/year, respectively. During this time, colorectum cancer incidence and mortality rates increased by 2.69% and 7.54%/year, respectively, in Wuwei. The incidence and mortality of other gastric, esophageal, liver, and lung cancers also all increased. Conclusions： The results of this study report a more accurate cancer burden among the population of Wuwei, China. Active research of cancers etiology and effective prevention should be established to reduce the incidence and mortality associated with cancers.

Cancer is the major cause of death worldwide and in the local community. Due to the aging population and changes in lifestyle of the citizens, it is expected that the incidence of cancer will continue to increase. In fact, according to the World Health Organization, about 30% of cancer death can be prevented. The fight against cancer relies on support from the government, together with collaborations with the policymakers, healthcare professionals, and the public. Legislation can act as a tool for cancer prevention. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the global cancer burden and to describe how cancer legislation acts as a tool for cancer prevention in the Hong Kong region.

近年来随着肺癌发病率与死亡率的逐年上升,肺癌已成为最具有致命性的恶性肿瘤之一。据美国癌症学会发布的一项数据显示,2010年美国确诊肺癌患者约22.2万人,约15.7万人死于肺癌,位居因恶性肿瘤死亡人数的首位[1]。在我国肺癌也已成为位居首位的癌症死因[2]。