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With Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel（NTS430FSS） and SUS 430 ferritic stainless steel（SUS430FSS） as experimental materials, the influence of precipitation on intergranular corrosion resistance was investigated. A series of aging treatment were carried out. The free-exposure corrosion test and double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation（DL-EPR） test with a scan rate of 1.67 m V/s at 26 °C were applied to evaluate the intergranular corrosion（IGC） resistance. Metallographic observation, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM） with energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） analysis were conducted. The results show that IGC occurred in SUS430 FSS aged above 700 °C, while it occurred in NTS430 FSS as the temperature was improved to 1 050 °C. The critical degree of sensitization Ir/Ia reaches 0.305 in SUS430 FSS, which is higher than that of NTS430 FSS, i.e. 0.010, aged at 950 °C for 2 h. The TEM, EDS and XRD results show that a large amount of Cr23C6 precipitates with size of 60 nm×22 nm are located at the SUS430 FSS grain boundaries as chains. With the addition of Nb and Ti and reduction of C, the amount of precipitates reduces significantly in NTS430 FSS. A majority of Cr23C6 were replaced by Ti C and Nb C. Only a small amount of spherical Ti C（R=186 nm） and square Ti N（312 nm×192 nm） with Nb and Cr adsorbed are left along grain boundaries. Due to the dual stabilization of Nb and Ti, the precipitation of Cr23C6 is restrained, the chromium depleted region is avoided and accordingly the resistance to the intergranular corrosion is improved.

Gaseous reduction kinetics of the high phosphorus iron ore fines from Hubei in China and effect of microwave pretreatment on the gaseous reduction behavior were studied. Gaseous reduction kinetics were investigated by TG （Thermogravimetric） methods using LINSEIS STA PT 1600 thermal analysis equipment. Microwave pretreatments to the ore fines with four power levels were performed using a high temperature microwave reactor. Its effect was examined by TG methods and its mechanism was analyzed by SEM （scanning electron microscope） and EDS （energy dispersive spectrometer）. Gaseous reduction tests were carried out using a tubular furnace. Results of kinetic study indicate that controlling step of the gaseous reduction of the ore fines is a mixing control of gas internal diffusion and interface chemical reaction when reduction fraction is less than 0.8 and is solid state diffusion when reduction fraction is more than 0.8. Microwave pretreatment of the ore fines could change the pore structure of the oolitic unit to generate cracks, fissures and loose zones, which promotes reduction in the early stage and delays the occurrence of sintering. Gaseous reduction tests show in the condition that the ore fines are pretreated with a microwave power of 450 W for 4 min and reduced under temperature of 1 273 K, the gaseous reduction of the ore fines could be apparently intensified. Using CO or H2 as a reductant and ore fines being reduced for 1.5 to 2 h , increase of metallization rate of the ore fines is 10% to 13%.

Steels of constant manganese and carbon contents with silicon content of 0.34 %- 2.26% were cast. The as-cast steels were then hot rolled at 1 100 ℃ in five passes to reduce the cast ingot thickness from 80 to 4 mm, air cooled to room temperature and cold rolled to 2 mm in thickness. Dual phase microstructures with different volume fraction of martensite were obtained through the intercritical annealing of the steels at different temperatures for 15 min followed by water quenching. In addition to intercritical annealing temperature, silicon content also altered the volume fraction of martensite in dual phase steels. The partitioning of manganese in dual phase silicon steels was investigated using energy-dispersive spectrometer （EDS）. The partitioning coefficient, defined as the ratio of the amounts of alloying element in the austenite to that in the adjacent ferrite, for manganese increased with increasing intercritieal annealing temperature and silicon content of steels. It was also found that the solubility of manganese in ferrite and austenite decreased with increasing intereritical temperature. The results were discussed by the diffusivity and the solubility of manganese in ferrite and austenite existed in dual phase silicon steels.

The stability of Ti2AlN at high pressure of 5 GPa and different temperatures of 700-1 600 ℃ was investigated using X-ray diffraction （XRD）,scanning electron microscopy （SEM） equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）.Ti2AlN was found to be stable at temperatures as high as 1 400 ℃under 5 GPa for 20 min,and was proved that it held better structure stability than Ti2AlC under 5 GPa through comparative experiments of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlC （representative compounds of M2AX phases （211 phase））.The reaction process at high pressure had some difference from that at ambient pressure/vacuum,and Ti2AlN directly decomposed to TiN and TiAl at 5 GPa and 1 500 ℃ for 20 min.Moreover,the mechanism of phase segregation was discussed.In addition,the behavior of Ti2AlN contacting with Zr at high pressure and high temperature （HPHT） was also studied.

In this work, a facile route using a simple solvothermal reaction and sequential heat treatment process to prepare porous Y2O3 microcubes is presented. The as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, scanning electronic microscope （SEM）, energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, thermogravimetric analysis （TG）, and differential thermal analysis （DTA）. The thermal decomposition process of the Y203 precursor was investigated. SEM results demonstrated that the as-prepared porous Y203 microcubes were with an average width of about 20 μm and thickness of about 8μm. It was found that the morphology of the Y2O3 precursor could be readily tuned by varying the molar ratio of S2O2- to y3＋. Y203：Eu3＋ （6.6%） microcubes were also prepared and their photoluminescence properties were investigated.

In recent years,the X-ray spectrometer has been devekloped not only just in enhancing resolution,but also towards dynamic analysis.Computer modeling processing,sampled quantitative analysis and supra-light element analysis.With the gradual sophistication of the quantitative analysis system software,the rationality and accuracy of the established sample deferential document have become the most important guarantee to the reliability of sample quantitative analysis.This work is an important technical subject in China Petroleum Reservoir Research.Through two years of research and experimental work,the EDS quantitative analysis method for petroleum geolgey and resevoir research has been established.and referential documents for five mineral(silicate,etc).specimen standards have been compiled.Closely combining the shape characters and compositional characters of the minerals together and applying them into reservoir diagenetic research and prevention of oil formations from damage,we have obtained obvious geological effects.

Au-Pd-Zr ternary alloy phase diagram at 25℃ was calculated by Panda phase calculation software,and the thermodynamic data were based on three binary alloy phase diagrams：Pd-Au,Au-Zr,and Pd-Zr.Five composition points in the ternary phase diagram were selected to predict the precipitation order.One（32Au-32Pd-36Zr） of the five composition points in ternary phase diagram was chosen to verify the correctness of the phase diagram calculation and the precipitation order by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）,and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The unknown phase in XRD patterns was predicated by EDS and materials studio（MS） software.The experimental results show that there are seven key ternary reactions points and 17 phase regions in all isothermal sections at 25℃.The thermodynamic process and microstructure for the alloy phase can be described in order according to the vertical section in phase diagram.The phase compositions of the chosen one point are consistent with calculation prediction.The unknown phase in XRD patterns should be Zr_2AuPd by the first principle X-ray simulation.