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人类基因组计划全基因组测序已完成，绘制了基因框架图，掌握了大量的基因组序列的信息并全面了解了基因组和基因表达变化的方法。由于基因的功能除了由排序决定外，还受多种因素的影响，而蛋白质代表了基因的信息，其功能一旦出现异常即可直接引发疾病，因而研究蛋白质的改变对全面了解肿瘤的发生发展有重要意义。

Aim： To investigate the effects of serum deprivation （SD） on microvesicles （MVs） secreted from human myeloma cells and the implications for disease progression. Methods： RPMI 8226, U266, and KM3 human myeloma cells were incubated in medium containing 10% （non-SD） or 1% fetal bovine serum （SD） and MVs were isolated. The levels and size distribution of MVs were analyzed with flow cytometry. The protein profiles of MVs were studied using 2D SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF.MS, and Western blotting. NF-KB activation was analyzed using EMSA. Angiogenesis was examined in Eahy926 endothelial cells. Results： Exposure of RPMI 8226 ceils to SD for 24 h did not alter the number of apoptotic cells. However, SD increased the number of MVs from RPMI 8226, U266, and KM3 cells to 2.5-, 4.3-, and 3.8-fold, respectively. The size distribution of SD MVs was also significantly different from that of non-SD MVs. Three proteins ZNF224, SARM, and COBL in SD MVs were found to be up-regulated, which were involved in cell cycle regulation, signal transduotion and metabolism, respectively. Co-culture of SD MVs and RPMI 8226 cells increased NF-KB activation in the target RPMI 8226 cells. Furthermore, SD MVs from RPMI 8226 cells significantly increased the microtubule formation capacity of Eahy926 endottlelial cells compared with non-SD MVs. Conclusion： SD elevates the levels of microvesicles with different size distribution and selectively enriched proteins in human myeloma cells in vitro. The selectively enriched proteins, especially ZNF224, may play key roles in regulation of myeloma cells, allowing better adaptation to SD.

OBJECTIVE To identify metastasis-related biomarkers in human ovarian cancer cell lines and in serum. METHODS We isolated total protein from cell lysis solutions and cultured supernatants from 2 human ovarian cancer cell lines and used SELDI-TOF-MS to detect the differential expression of the proteins in the 2 cell lines. The proteomic spectra were generated using weak cation exchange chips. The biomarkers were validated by analyzing serum proteins or peptides in ovarian cancer patients, relapsed ovarian cancer patients, patients with benign ovarian tumors, and healthy people.RESULTS Four proteins in the culture supernatant from HO-8910PM cells were up-regulated, relative to the culture supernatant of HO-8910 cells. One protein (3,144 Da m/z value) was up-regulated in both the cell lysis solution and in the culture supernatant of HO-8910PM cells. In addition, expression of the 3,144 Da m/z protein differed significantly between serum from the 26 ovarian cancer patients, from the 22 relapsed ovarian patients and from the 37 healthy women (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference between patients with benign ovarian tumors and healthy people (P > 0.5). CONCLUSION Ovarian cancer cell lines with high or low metastatic potential have distinct protein profiles. Protein 3,144 Da m/z could be a useful biomarker for diagnosing ovarian cancer metastasis.

目的应用比较蛋白质组学方法分析小细胞肺癌（sCLC）与其配对的正常肺组织差异表达蛋白质，为阐明SCLC发病机制、筛选其早期诊断标志物提供有益的思路。方法应用双相电泳（2-DE）分离6例SCLC及其配对的正常肺组织可溶性总蛋白；应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI—TOF-MS）获得差异蛋白点的肽质量指纹图谱（PMF）；通过Mascot软件查询NCBI或SWISS-PROT数据库鉴定蛋白质。结果每张图谱约检测到800多个蛋白质点。经匹配分析，肺癌组织之间和正常肺组织之间凝胶图像的匹配率分别为75．5％和78．2％；选择14个背景清晰、重复性及分辨率较好、蛋白表达差异明显的点进行质谱分析，结合表观分子量及等电点（pI），初步鉴定了11种（六类）蛋白质：①与蛋白质降解通路有关的蛋白质：蛋白酶体α亚单位3型、蛋白酶体β亚单位2型及D亚单位5型；②自由基／抗氧化剂类：锰-超氧化物歧化酶（Mn-SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和黄素还原酶（FR）；③细胞骨架类：原肌球蛋白-3（Tpm-3）；④与能量代谢有关的蛋白质：硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶（TPX1）；⑤分子伴侣：抑制素（PHB），内质网蛋白ER29（Erp29）；⑥其他：可溶性NSF黏附蛋白（alpha SNAP）。结论应用2-DE及MALDI—TOF-MS方法分离并初步鉴定了11种（六类）蛋白质；这些蛋白质与SCLC发生发展密切相关，部分可能成为SCLC诊断及治疗的分子靶点。