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P467; 利用重庆市1961—2012年34个气象观测站的逐日降水资料，采用EOF分析、线性回归及相关分析的方法对重庆市的降水量时空特征、降水频数特征及降水强度特征进行诊断分析研究，并进行了相关讨论。结果表明：重庆市的年总降水量呈逐年减少的变化特征，并且年总降水量存在空间一致性与重庆市东北地区和其他地区反相变化的空间分布形式；各类持续性降水过程频数的空间分布差异较大，持续性降水过程频数的变化趋势表明短期降水过程（持续2 d）逐年增加而持续较长时间（持续5d及以上）的连阴雨天气过程减少趋势明显；降水强度分析中发现一般降水（小雨、中雨、大雨）的年总降水量呈下降趋势，是引起重庆市年总降水量减少的主要原因，小雨、中雨降水强度逐年减弱而大雨的强度有弱的增强，较强降水等级（暴雨与大暴雨）的年总降水量呈较弱的上升趋势，降水强度也表现为弱的增强趋势；持续5d及以上降水过程频数的减少可能与当地500 hPa位势高度场的上升及赤道太平洋海表温度的升高相关，大雨及以上等级降水的强度变化可能与El Ni?o Modoki现象有关。

世界华人神经外科学术大会已经在中国海南省博鳌、重庆市及广东省东莞成功举办三届，得到海内外华人同仁的关注，吸引了来自世界数十个国家和地区的华人学者，为世界华人神经外科学及其相关领域的学术盛会。

Q958.2; 2023年7月与2024年7月,在重庆市酉阳土家族苗族自治县青华林场(28° 42'20″ N,108°53'12″ E,海拔1 012 m;28°43'24″ N,108°53'16″ E,海拔993 m)采集到2号角蟾科(Megophryidae)掌突蟾属(Leptobrachella)标本.经形态鉴定对比,和武陵掌突蟾(Leptobrachella wulingensis)相似.基于线粒体16S rRNA基因,对掌突蟾属部分物种进行系统发育树的构建,结果显示此次调查到的掌突蟾物种与武陵掌突蟾聚为一支;Kimura双参数模型计算本次采集的标本与贵州省江口县种群的遗传距离为0;与模式产地湖南张家界的武陵掌突蟾种群遗传距离为1.6%.综合形态特征和分子系统发育比较,确定此次采集到的掌突蟾标本为武陵掌突蟾,系重庆市两栖动物分布新纪录种.

To explore geographical differences in quantitative characteristics and spatial pattern of human settlements environmental suitability （HSES） in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area （TGRA）, terrain, climate, hydrology, vegetation and other natural factors were selected to build the livable environmental evaluation, and the quantitative analysis was conducted through Remote Sensing（RS） and Geographic Informational System （GIS） to reveal geo- graphical characteristics and spatial patterns of HSES. The results are obtained as follows： （1） inhabitants of the TGRA of Chongqing are concentrated in the area with moderate h.igh HSES, which is 78% of the total population distributed in 48% of the study area; （2） the HSES is closely related to the terrain, and it forms an arc-banded spatial succession pattern： relatively low in the northeast and the southeast while comparatively high in the west and the south; （3） large numbers of people are distributed in the area with low suitability （with higher population density than the average of the western China）, but economic development level in these areas is quite low. Moreover, these areas are ecological sensitive and fragile, many kinds of eco-environmental problems have been caused by human activities. Therefore, population migration and layout are reasonable options for the development of these areas.

This collection of annotated oral histories records the personal stories of twenty Chinese women who lived in the wartime capital of Chongqing during China's War of Resistance against Japan during World War II. By presenting women's remembrances of the war, this study examines the interplay between oral history and traditional historical narrative, public discourse and private memories. The women interviewed came from differing social, economic, and educational backgrounds and experienced the war in a variety of ways, some of them active in the communist resistance and others trying to support families or pursue educations in the face of wartime upheaval. Their stories demonstrate that the War of Resistance had two faces: one presented by official propaganda and characterized by an upbeat unified front against Japan, the other a record of invisible private stories and a sobering national experience of death and suffering. The accounts of how women coped, worked, and lived during the war years in the Chongqing region recast historical understanding of the roles played by ordinary people in wartime and give women a public voice and face that, until now, have been missing from scholarship on the war.

What rural households think and what kind of strategies they take, the basic driving force in land use activities, contribute greatly to the increase of their own revenues, the development of agricultural yields, and even the prosperity of rural areas. Differentiation in rural household behaviors and their consciousness in land use activities is widespread in rural China nowadays. It is important to understand the changing characteristics and laws of land use behaviors of rural households driven by their consciousness, so as to regulate their land use activities. In most empirical studies of land use change at rural household level, the land use consciousness, which acts directly on land use behaviors, is often neglected. In our research, the changes of land use behaviors of rural households are analyzed, through identifying how the land use consciousness affect the land use objectives, land management scales and land inputs of all the rural households in Bailin Village of Chongqing Municipality in the western mountainous China. Also, how the land use consciousness of different rural households comes into being under external stimuli is examined and the self-adjustment process of their consciousness according to their own conditions is also discussed. Finally, broad policy instruments are suggested to promote the rationalization of rural households’ land use consciousness and the standardization of their land use behaviors.

Rapid urbanization results in the conversion of natural soil to urban soil,and consequently,the storage and density of the soil carbon pools change.Taking Chongqing Municipality of China as a study case,this investigation attempts to better understand soil carbon pools in hilly cities.First,the vegetated areas in the study area were derived from QuickBird images.Then,topsoil data from 220 soil samples（0-20 cm） in the vegetated areas were collected and their soil organic carbon（SOC） densities were analyzed.Using the Kriging interpolation method,the spatial pattern of SOC was estimated.The results show that the SOC density exhibited high spatial variability in the urban topsoil of Chongqing.First,the SOC density in topsoil decreased according to slope in the order 2°-6° 〈 25°-90° 〈 0°-2° 〈 6°-15° 〈 15°-25°.Second,the newly developed areas during 2001-2010 had a lower SOC density than the areas built before 1988.Third,urban parks and gardens had a higher SOC density in topsoil,residential green land followed,and scattered street green land ranked last.For hilly cities,the variability of terrain affects the distribution of SOC.The Kriging results indicate that Kriging method combining slope with SOC density produced a high level of accuracy.The Kriging results show that the SOC density to the north of the Jialing River was higher than the south.The vegetated areas were estimated to amount to 73.5 km2 across the study area with an SOC storage of 0.192 Tg and an average density of 2.61 kg/m2.

As a follow-up of a previously published article on the synoptic background of the development of the severe convective weather that happened in Chongqing on 6 May 2010, this study further examines the initiation of the severe convective weather via a better high-resolution simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. It is found that the cold front approaching Chongqing from the northwest played a critical role in the initiation of the severe convective weather. As the cold front approached Chongqing, the low-to-mid level updrafts ahead of the front acted to increase the atmospheric lapse rate via the stretching effect, which in combination with the low-level diabatic heating induced by the sensible heat fluxes and infrared radiation emitted from the ground surface led to the continuous decrease of the low-level static stability and the increase of the convective available potential energy (CAPE) in Chongqing area. This provided necessary unstable energy for the development of deep moist convection. Furthermore, along with the reaching of a nearly east-west-oriented mesoscale convergence line from the southeast of Chongqing, the outflow right above the cold front began to interact with that above the mesoscale convergence line and induced distinct convergence at the altitude of approximately 1–2 km in the triangular area sandwiched by the cold front and the mesoscale convergence line. It is found that the updrafts associated with this convergence provided lifting necessary for the initiation of the severe convection. The sensitivity experiment without the terrain west of Chongqing indicates that the local topography did not play an important role in the initiation of this severe convective weather.

Raised to be \"flowers of the nation,\" the first generation born after the founding of the People's Republic of China was united in its political outlook and ambitions. Its members embraced the Cultural Revolution of 1966 but soon split into warring factions. Guobin Yang investigates the causes of this fracture and argues that Chinese youth engaged in an imaginary revolution from 1966 to 1968, enacting a political mythology that encouraged violence as a way to prove one's revolutionary credentials. This same competitive dynamic would later turn the Red Guard against the communist government. Throughout the 1970s, the majority of Red Guard youth were sent to work in rural villages. These relocated revolutionaries developed an appreciation for the values of ordinary life, and an underground cultural movement was born. Rejecting idolatry, their new form of resistance marked a distinct reversal of Red Guard radicalism and signaled a new era of enlightenment, culminating in the Democracy Wall movement of the late 1970s and, finally, the Tiananmen protest of 1989. Yang completes his significant recasting of Red Guard activism with a chapter on the politics of history and memory, arguing that contemporary memories of the Cultural Revolution are factionalized along the lines of political division that formed fifty years before.

To discuss response ability of five functional areas to rainstorm flood in Chongqing,by taking 8 districts（ counties） as research object,monthly occurrence times of heavy rain and rainstorm in different functional areas over the years and appearance month of the maximum rainfall were conducted statistics. Results showed that frequency distribution of heavy rain in whole year in different functional areas was different,but it was similar in the same functional zone. Temporal-spatial distribution of rainstorm was more independent,and there were different performances in various districts of each functional area. In urban functional core area and urban functional expansion area,rainstorm times was more,and the maximum precipitation was larger. In urban development new district,rainstorm times and the maximum precipitation were relatively smaller in whole Chongqing. In ecological conservation development area of northeast Chongqing,rainstorm duration was longer,and we needed prevention and control during June- September. In ecological protection area of southeast Chongqing,although rainstorm occurrence times was the most in Chongqing,the heavy rainstorm was less.