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为进一步探讨鳄蜥（Shinisaurus crocodilurus）的生理性体温调节能力，2018年8月，以广东省罗坑自然保护区鳄蜥研究中心成体饲养池内的鳄蜥为研究对象，探讨鳄蜥在20.0 30.0 ℃时，调节体温（Tb）与环境温度（Te）的关系。结果表明：以2.5 ℃梯度变温时，鳄蜥的调节体温与环境温度呈正相关，升温时，Tb=0.533Te+13.084（F1，48=327.65，R2=0.872，P<0.001）；降温时，Tb=1.150Te-3.454（F1，48=1476.48，R2=0.969，P<0.001）。降温时，鳄蜥体温与环境温度的相关系数（1.150）大于升温时（0.533）。升温和降温时，鳄蜥热交换的平衡点分别为28.01、23.03 ℃，环境温度高于或低于平衡点时，鳄蜥的调节体温均低于环境温度。研究表明，降温时，鳄蜥对环境的依赖性更强，生理调节能力较弱。

TB66%TB657.2; 针对夏季空调降温负荷难以计量的现状,提出测算夏季空调降温负荷及降温用电量的算法模型,进而结合夏季天气情况,建立夏季降温负荷与夏季最高温度的回归模型,分析电网降温负荷的单位温升负荷.最后,以若干区域电网为例,分析各电网的空调降温负荷和单位温升负荷,可以为电网的生产运行和电力营销工作提供重要的决策参考.

以崖柏和侧柏幼苗为对象，研究其叶片在秋冬季节性自然降温过程中抗氧化酶、渗透调节物质和丙二醛（MDA）的变化特征，并比较两树种对低温胁迫的适应能力。结果表明：在秋冬季节性自然降温过程中，日最低气温由12．50℃降至-13．96℃，崖柏幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性均显著增强，但过氧化物酶（POD）活性基本没有变化，而侧柏的SOD和POD活性同时增强；两树种叶片脯氨酸（Pro）含量、可溶性糖含量均显著增加，但崖柏的增加幅度低于侧柏；两树种叶片MDA含量均极显著增加，但崖柏增加幅度较大。日最低气温与侧柏的SOD、POD和可溶性糖含量均极显著相关，但仅与崖柏的SOD极显著相关，表明在季节性自然降温过程中，侧柏比崖柏更能够建立较完善的防御系统进行自身调节以适应低温环境。研究结果可为崖柏迁地保存和栽培管理工作提供参考。

利用地温相对恒定、受外界环境影响较小的特点,在全封闭温室内采用沟式栽培法,营造适宜作物生长的条件,研究了沟式栽培条件下温室内环境因子的差异以及其对蕹菜生长、产量和水分生产率的影响。结果表明,随着沟深的增加,植株生长点的温度和光照度降低。沟壁贴反光膜处理也表现相同的规律,但同深度沟内的温度和光照度明显升高。各处理的空气相对湿度保持在25%~60%之间,适宜作物生长。无反光膜处理植株长势优于反光膜处理。无反光膜条件下,基质距地表不同深度处理下产量均值表现为：0.5 m〉0.7 m〉0.25 m〉0.9 m。耗水量表现为随着沟深增加而减小。无反光膜处理下水分生产率和耗水量则随着沟深度的增加而增加,贴反光膜处理均小于同深度无反光膜处理。沟式栽培法可解决全封闭温室的高温、高湿问题,同时大大提高了作物水分生产率。

Successive filtration and comparison show that the stratosphere air temperature in 10 hPa-layer of the Northern Hemisphere （NH） in July continuously increases,which is associated to the increases in greenhouse gases mostly CO2,volcanic activities,and solar activity,demonstrating the follows.（a） The increase in CO2 concentration is largely consistent with that of the stratosphere air temperature in 10 hPa-layer of the NH in July.However,the increase in the air temperature is not in a linear pattern,during which several cooling events interrupt.The cooling events between late 1960s and late 1970s are remarkable ones and so is the one before mid 1990s.Analysis shows that these events are induced by volcanic activities and solar activity.（b） The CO2-free variation in the stratosphere air temperature in 10 hPa-layer of the NH is consistent with that of the solar magnetic index.The wave crests and wave troughs of the two curves are consistent in phase,and the curve of solar magnetic index leads the other slightly.I

The extreme modern elevation of the Tianshan Mountains reflects the Cenozoic deformation. Apatite Fission Track （AFI） chronometry is widely used to study the latest cooling stages caused by tectonic process or by exhumation in the uppermost crust. However, uncertainties remain over timing constraints on thermal history of the Tianshan Mountains since the Cenozoic though a great mount of dating work had been done in this area. To address this issue, modern river sands from the drainage basin on the piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains were sampled to integrate regional information. Single grains were dated with the AFT method, and then different grain-age components were identified to provide thermochronological constraints of their sources. Combined with discussion of previous dataset, our results show the multi-staged rapid cooling cluster at 46-32, 25-24, 19-13, 8-6, and -3 Ma, respectively. We interpreted these cooling events as a result of interplays between the Cenozo- ic tectonic uplift of the mountains and regional climate change.

Although the mid-late Holocene cold and dry event about 4000years ago （the 4ka event） has been observed almost globally, it was most prominent in terrestrial climate proxies from the lower latitudes. Here we evaluate the oceanic response to this event in terms of a Holocene sea surface temperature （SST） record reconstructed using the U~7 index for Core B3 on the continen- tal shelf of the East China Sea. The record reveals a large temperature drop of about 5~C from the mid-Holocene （24.7~C at 5.6ka） to the 4ka event （19.2~C at 3.8ka）. This mid-late Holocene cooling period in Core B3 correlated with （i） decreases in the East Asia summer monsoon intensity and （ii） the transition period with increased E1 Nifio/Southern Oscillation activities in the Equatorial Pa- cific. Our SST record provides oceanic evidence for a more global nature of the mid-late Holocene climate change, which was most likely caused by a southward migration of the Intertropical Converge Zone in response to the decreasing summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the large SST drop around Core B3 indicates that the mid-late Holocene cooling was regionally amplified by the initiation/strengthening of eddy circulation/cold front which caused upwelling and resulted in additional SST de- crease. Upwelling during the mid-late Holocene also enhanced with surface productivity in the East China Sea as reflected by higher alkenone content around Core B3.

A stratus-sea fog event that occurred over the Yellow and East China Seas on 3 June 2011 is investigated using observations and a numerical model, with a focus on the effects of background circulation and Sea Surface Temperature Front （SSTF） on the transition of stratus into sea fog. Southerly winds of a synoptic high-pressure circulation transport water vapor to the Yellow Sea, creating conditions favorable for sea fog/stratus formation. The subsidence from the high-pressure contributes to the temperature inversion at the top of the stratus. The SSTF forces a secondary circulation within the ABL （Atmospheric Boundary Layer）, the sinking branch of which on the cold flank of SSTF helps lower the stratus layer fiLrther to reach the sea surface. The cooling effect over the cold sea surface counteracts the adiabatic warming induced by subsidence. The secondary circulation becomes weak and the fog patches are shrtmk heavily with the smoothed SSTE A conceptual model is proposed for the transition of stratus into sea fog over the Yellow and East China Seas. Finally, the analyses suggest that sea fog frequency will probably decrease due to the weakened SSTF and the reduced subsidence of secondary circulation under global wanning.

In this research, the whole contact-type large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was designed. The planning area of the entire piggery was 5,700 m^sup 2^ with workplace and green belts. The sow house was 93 m long and 33 m wide, a total of 3,069 m^sup 2^, including office area of 60 m^sup 2^ and aisle area of 107 m^sup 2^. The fermentation bed had an area of 2,902 m^sup 2^ with length of 88.7 m and width of 27.7 m. Its area accounted for 95% of the total area of sow house. The fermentation mattress had a depth of 80 cm, and had a volume of 2,321 m^sup 3^, equivalent to 733 of coconut chaff and rice chaff. The large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was equipped with the automatic feeding system, automatic sprinkler system, automatic positioning column for pregnant sows, sows' obstetric table system, fanning wet curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental monitoring and automatic control system.