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本研究欲從Hirschi社會連結觀點，探究學校因素對青少年吸菸行為之影響，以期補足菸害防制在制度與政策面之外，學校實務功能執行面之區塊。本研究利用「台灣青少年成長歷程研究」資料庫，樣本為1,668位高中職（含專科）學生，進行零膨脹負二項迴歸分析，檢視由學校因素所構成的連結，是否影響、如何影響青少年的吸菸行為。在考量性別和學校類型的脈絡效應後，青少年有無吸菸行為受到師生關係、大學或以上之教育承諾、請假天數，以及對吸菸持「當然錯」道德信念的影響。其中的師生關係、教育承諾與道德信念是保護因子，增加青少年無吸菸的機率。相對地，青少年在學校的請假天數，則降低青少年無吸菸的機率。另外，學校因素影響吸菸頻率（成癮程度）的假設，未能獲得本實徵研究的支持。最後，依據研究結果提出建議，以供學校、教師作為實際輔導工作及未來研究之參考

Motivation Drugs are addictive, and their use and attendant negative consequences and externalities impose a heavy burden on society. According to the Annual Report on Drug Abuse and Inspection Statistics (Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, 2018), juvenile drug use accounted for 59.3% of schedule III drug-related crimes in 2017. Because curiosity is one of the most important factors leading to drug use, school or university campuses are key sites for young people’s drug addiction prevention. The literature on drug-related crime is mostly based on qualitative research, and this is especially so for the research conducted in Taiwan. This study analyzed data from the Statistics of Police Work (National Police Agency, Ministry of the Interior, 2002-2018) by using quantitative methods, with the aim of determining the driving forces of drug-related crime by teenagers and young people in Taiwan. We focused on the effect of household structure and entertainment venues nearby, with an aim of determining policy sugge

本研究旨在調查臺灣青少年媒體多工的現況和探討其與認知功能及心理適應間的相關性。本研究招募12－15歲自願者參與研究，有效樣本數為291人。參與者須填答媒體多工量表、巴拉特衝動量表、心理憂鬱量表與生活滿意度量表，並以電腦化測驗評估工作記憶廣度、注意力、轉換能力、抑制功能。本研究結果發現：一、臺灣青少年數位裝置使用平均時間為每週30.98小時、媒體多工的平均分數值為2.26。二、數位裝置使用時間與工作記憶廣度、轉換能力、注意力之警覺、導引、執行控制之間沒有相關，但與注意力的反應時間有負相關。三、媒體多工與規則轉換作業之間沒有相關，但與工作記憶廣度、注意力、抑制控制有負相關。此外，媒體多工與心理憂鬱有顯著的正相關。整體而言，本研究結果可能因不同年齡、文化、測驗方式、統計策略而有所不同，相關議題之關聯發展仍待未來進一步實證。

患者男性，28岁，因渐进性右上肢远端无力伴肌萎缩5年，于2016年2月19日至我院门诊就诊。患者5年前无明显诱因出现右手手指无力，寒冷时加重，逐渐出现右手手指活动笨拙、不能并拢，穿针引线等精细活动明显受限，症状持续无明显缓解，伴右手肌萎缩，无明显肉跳感，其他肢体活动正常，无疼痛、麻木等感觉异常，无言语障碍、吞咽困难等。

本文運用Swanson關懷理論照護一位納氏漏斗胸矯正術後青少年之護理經驗。個案在術後除傷口疼痛及相關事項不瞭解外，並出現身體心像改變，進而影響復健與身心恢復，故引發筆者探討動機。照護期間2019年7月3日至7月10日，藉由觀察、會談、傾聽、電訪追蹤等方式進行整體性護理評估，確立急性疼痛、知識缺失、身體心像紊亂等護理問題。筆者與個案建立良好治療性關係，運用Swanson關懷理論了解個案健康照護需求，提供所需關懷及個別性護理；與個案討論及共同訂定治療選項，運用認知行為策略降低疼痛；協助個案擬定及執行個別化運動計畫，並建立正確姿勢於日常生活；協助個案術後適應外觀改變，重新認識自己、審視美的定義，維持正念面對未來。然而筆者與個案有年齡上的差距，以致花較多時間溝通使個案卸下心防，建議未來院內可定期舉辦青少年溝通課程，以提升護理人員跨年齡別溝通能力。期盼此照護經驗，能予護理人員在照護因疾病而導致身體心像改變個案之護理經驗參考及運用。

Research has demonstrated that health literacy significantly affects health status, health inequality, medical expenses, accessibility of medical care, understanding of health information, and decision-making behavior. However, most studies on the topic of health literacy have focused on adults and are based on a medical perspective. This study proposed a definition of health literacy and an ability indicator for adolescents. The target study population were students in their third year of junior and senior high school. Thirty-four teachers, 23 parents, and 85 adolescents were interviewed to collect data concerning the real-life context of adolescents. The collected data and national health education curriculum guildines were used as a reference to develop health literacy definitions and abilities. Eight health education experts and eight senior teachers were invited to conduct a two-round Delphi survey. Based on the 3 types of adolescent health literacy (functional, interactive, and critical health literacy)

The COVID-19 pandemic led to considerable global morbidity and mortality between 2019 and 2022, prompting governments worldwide to close schools to prevent virus transmission. In early 2020, more than 180 countries suspended face-to-face classes in schools, disrupting the education of millions of students and leading to learning losses for children and adolescents. Investigations have revealed that some students lacked the necessary equipment for online learning and were therefore prevented from attending classes, while others intentionally skipped classes. I addition, surveys have indicated that the number of adolescents and young adults self-reporting mental health problems increased because of social isolation and a lack of face-to-face interaction with others. These findings suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic period, poor learning performance and the mental health status of adolescents required close attention. In Taiwan, schools were closed twice from 2020 to 2022 to protect students from COVID-19

目的总结青少年型亨廷顿病患者临床表型及IT15基因胞嘧啶-腺嘌呤-鸟嘌呤（CAG）重复突变特点。方法采用聚合酶链反应结合荧光标记毛细管电泳片段分析方法,对159个亨廷顿病家系272名成员进行IT15基因CAG重复序列检测,并对其中10例青少年期发病患者的临床表现、影像学特征以及临床表型与基因型相关性进行分析。结果经基因检测共发现211例携带异常扩展的IT15基因CAG重复序列,其中10例为青少年型亨廷顿病患者,临床表现各异,主要以不自主运动和认知功能障碍为主;发病年龄平均（12.50±4.55）岁,IT15基因CAG重复序列平均（63.70±14.83）个,Pearson相关分析显示,二者呈负相关关系（r=-0.865,P=0.001）。结论青少年型亨廷顿病与成年型亨廷顿病患者临床表现不同,前者主要表现为认知功能障碍;对于无明确家族史、临床表现疑似亨廷顿病的患者,基因检测是明确诊断的依据;亨廷顿病发病年龄与IT15基因CAG重复次数呈负相关,但不能完全解释发病年龄的变异性,尤以青少年型亨廷顿病患者显著,可能存在其他遗传调节因素。

This study validated instruments for assessing the health awareness and health literacy of adolescents and explored the related and protective factors of adolescents’ health literacy in Taiwan. A total of 1,005 representative adolescents were stratified randomly selected from Kaohsiung City, and they completed two well-structured instruments for measuring their health awareness and health literacy. First, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and internal consistency were used to examine the instruments’ validities and reliabilities. Second, chi-square test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to compare the health awareness and health literacy levels of adolescents from different backgrounds. Finally, hierarchical regression analysis was employed to identify the relations between health knowledge, attitudes toward health, and healthy behaviors and their predictors. The initial results indicated that adolescents’ means of health attitude decreased with increasing age and

目的应用fMRI技术探讨中国青年和老年人群在简单运算任务下脑激活模式及其与行为学之间的关系。方法分别对青年组（19例）和老年组（20例）健康志愿者进行对照任务和简单运算任务下的fMRI检查。结果两组受试者受教育程度（P=0．125）、智力水平（P=0．921），以及完成对照任务（P=0．142）和简单乘法运算任务（P=0．880）之正确率差异无统计学意义，但老年组受试者完成对照任务（P=0．000）和简单乘法运算任务（P=0．005）反应时间明显延长。青年组受试者在任务刺激下可激活右侧缘上回并向顶内沟和颞中上回后部延伸，中央前回和运动前区、前额叶，左侧缘上回并向颞上回后部和角回延伸，顶内沟区域、颞中下回，内侧后扣带回、楔前叶、辅助运动区、海马沟、海马旁回及前额叶内侧；老年组受试者则分别激活右侧缘上回和顶下区域并向颞中上回后部延伸，中央前回和运动前区、前额叶，左侧缘上回和角回并向顶下延伸，中央前回和运动前区、岛叶及前额叶，内侧后扣带回和中央旁小叶、前扣带回及前额叶内侧；两组受试者共激活脑区包括顶下区域、楔前叶、中央前后回和额顶叶网络，以及颞叶、海马旁回、钩回、屏状核和后扣带回等皮质下结构。结论数学事实提取相关网络的主要成分受年龄影响较小，老年人群的任务激活脑区主要向任务相关顶区集中。