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85 result(s) for "非编码RNA"
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LncRNA在非小细胞肺癌中的研究进展
肺癌相关死亡是世界范围内癌症导致死亡的最常见原因。非编码RNA无蛋白编码功能,但可发挥多种生物学作用。长链非编码RNA是最新表征的一种至少包含200个核苷酸且不编码蛋白的RNA。多种长链非编码RNA具有促进或抑制肿瘤进展的功能,包括非小细胞肺癌。由于他们在调节基因表达方面的基本作用并涉及肿瘤发生的生物学机制,有望成为以组织或血液为基础的癌症生物标志物。在该综述中,我们着重强调lnc RNA在非小细胞肺癌中的作用,并讨论其作为诊断及预后标志物、治疗靶标的潜在临床应用。
系统性鉴定长非编码RNA MALAT1调控的微小RNA
背景与目的长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)在肿瘤的发生、侵袭转移等过程中发挥着重要的调控作用。本研究通过实验和生物信息学手段系统性研究lnc RNA MALAT1调控的微小RNA(micro RNA,miRNA)。方法设计特异性敲减MALAT1的反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligonucleotides,ASO),在A549细胞中敲减MALAT1,通过Tqa Man Low Density Array(TLDA)芯片研究敲减MALAT1后miRNA表达变化;使用基因集富集分析(gene set enrichment analysis,GSEA)方法分析敲减MALAT1之后差异表达基因,寻找富集的miRNA。结果 ASO有效降低了MALAT1表达,敲减MALAT1之后153个miRNA表达显著变化,其中131个miRNA表达上调,22个miRNA表达下调。在A549细胞中敲减MALAT1后,458个基因发生显著差异表达,GSEA分析发现多个miRNA在差异表达基因中被显著富集。对TLDA和GSEA数据取交集并进一步分析确认28个被MALAT1调控的miRNA。结论本研究系统鉴定了MALAT1对miRNA的调控,为进一步研究提供了基础。
非小细胞肺癌血清中lncRNA HOTAIR的表达及临床意义
背景与目的长链非编码RNA HOX转录反义RNA(HOX transcript antisense RNA,HOTAIR)在多种肿瘤中异常表达。本研究旨在探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者血清中lnc RNA HOTAIR的水平及其临床意义。方法采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)方法检测64例NSCLC患者和64例正常对照血清中HOTAIR的水平,统计分析血清中HOTAIR的水平与NSCLC临床病理参数之间的关系。结果与正常对照组相比,NSCLC患者血清中HOTAIR水平明显升高,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。血清中HOTAIR水平与NSCLC患者的肿瘤大小、(tumor-node-metastasis,TNM)分期及淋巴转移有关(P〈0.05),而与患者的年龄、性别、吸烟、分化程度及病理类型均无明显相关(P〉0.05)。结论 NSCLC患者血清中HOTAIR水平明显升高,HOTAIR可能参与了NSCLC的发病过程。
肿瘤相关长非编码RNA的表达及调控机制的研究进展
肿瘤相关性长非编码RNA的研究尚处于方兴未艾的阶段,其表达与肿瘤侵袭、转移及预后有着密切的关系,但是有关其转录调控的研究仍然比较少见.本文介绍了长非编码RNA的组织细胞表达、与肿瘤侵袭转移和患者预后的关系、转录调控和表观遗传学调控研究的现状,探讨了本研究领域将来的发展方向.
胞外囊泡中linc-VLDLR表达与食管癌发生及耐药的关系
目的探讨胞外囊泡(EVs)中linc-VLDLR的表达与食管癌的发生及耐药的关系。方法以不同浓度阿霉素(ADM)作用于食管鳞癌Eca109细胞24h,采用MTT法检测ADM对Eca109细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC(50))。以IC(50)浓度为基准设置3个ADM浓度干预Eca109细胞24h,提取培养液中EVs。荧光定量RT-PCR检测EVs中linc-VLDLR mRNA表达。以EVs干预Eca109细胞48h,随后以不同浓度ADM再作用于细胞24h,MTT法检测IC(50);EVs干预Eca109细胞48h,流式细胞术检测细胞周期;荧光定量RT-PCR检测Eca109细胞中linc-VLDLR及三磷酸腺苷结合转运蛋白G2(ABCG2)mRNA表达。结果 ADM作用Eca109细胞24h的IC(50)为0.44±0.02μg/ml,选取0、0.2、0.4、0.8μg/ml ADM浓度作用Eca109细胞24h后提取上清液中的EVs(EVs1–4)。EVs4中linc-VLDLR表达水平明显高于EVs1–3(P〈0.01)。EVs1–4干预Eca109细胞48h,EVs4组IC(50)值明显高于EVs1–3及对照组(P〈0.05)。流式细胞术检测显示EVs4组Eca109细胞增殖指数(PI)明显高于EVs1–3及对照组(P〈0.01)。EVs4干预Eca109细胞48h后,Eca109细胞中linc-VLDLR及ABCG2基因表达水平明显高于EVs1–3及对照组(P〈0.05)。结论 linc-VLDLR及ABCG2基因在食管癌细胞中高表达,参与了食管癌耐药形成。耐药细胞释放的EVs可以上调食管癌细胞中ABCG2表达,调控细胞耐药性,其作用与EVs上携带的linc-VLDLR基因有关。
植物中MicroRNA及其它非编码小RNA的保守性和进化历程
非编码小RNA是一类长度约为20~26个核苷酸的内源性RNA分子,在植物中普遍存在,在转录和转录后过程调控基因表达。microRNA及其它非编码小RNA在植物个体生长发育和生理过程中起重要作用。microRNA及其它非编码小RNA在陆地植物中保守,而且每个进化分支的出现皆伴随着新microRNA和其它非编码小RNA的产生,这些现象都表明,非编码小RNA与陆地植物的系统发生密切相关。本文从microRNA及其它非编码小RNA的保守性并结合其功能,探讨了非编码小RNA在植物进化中的重要功能。
微小RNA研究进展
微小RNA(miRNA)是参与基因转录后水平调控的非编码小分子RNA。人类基因中大约有3%编码miRNAs,而编码蛋白的基因中30%受到miRNAs的调控。miRNAs在多种生物进程中起到关键作用,包括调节发育、细胞增殖、分化和凋亡,相应的miRNAs的表达变化与包括肿瘤在内的多种疾病有关。本文综述了miRNAs的生物学及其与肿瘤的联系,并讨论了miRNAs的研究方法。
Circular RNA is enriched and stable in exosomes: a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently identified as a naturally occurring family of widespread and diverse endogenous noncoding RNAs that may regulate gene expression in mammals . They are unusually sta- ble RNA molecules with cell type- or developmental stage-specific expression patterns . Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin secreted by most cell types. They contain a specific cargo of protein, mRNA and microRNA species, which can modulate recipient cell behaviors and may be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of human diseases .
Efficient genome editing in plants using a CRISPR/Cas system
Dear Editor, In the past few years, the development of sequence- specific DNA nucleases has progressed rapidly and such nucleases have shown their power in generating efficient targeted mutagenesis and other genome editing applica- tions. For zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), an engi- neered array of sequence-specific DNA binding domains are fused with the DNA nuclease Fokl [1, 2]. These nu- cleases have been successful in genome modifications by generating double strand breaks (DSBs), which are then repaired through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) in different species, including mouse, tobacco and rice [3-5]. Recently, an- other breakthrough technology for genome editing, the CRISPR/Cas system, was developed. CRISPR (clustered regulatory interspaced short 12alindromic repeats) loci are variable short spacers separated by short repeats, which are transcribed into non-coding RNAs. The non-coding RNAs form a functional complex with CRISPR-asso- ciated (Cas) proteins and guide the complex to cleave complementary invading DNA [6]. After the initial development of a programmable CRISPR/Cas system, it has been rapidly applied to achieve efficient genome editing in human cell lines, zebrafish and mouse [7-10]. However, there is still no successful application in plants reported.
Crystal structure of the YTH domain of YTHDF2 reveals mechanism for recognition of N6-methyladenosine
Dear Editor, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been demonstrated to be ubiquitous in several types of eukaryotic RNAs, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) [1]. The recent discoveries of RNA m6A methyltransferase complex METTL3/METTL14/WTAP and demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 prove the reversibility of m6A modification [2-6]. This modification plays important roles in various biological processes, including circadian rhythms [7],