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Redefining the intersection of user perception and spatial design, this research introduces a sophisticated design methodology that integrates quantitative visual perception analysis with user behavior insights to optimize spatial configurations. Conducted across 15 communities in City H, the study employs a mix of questionnaires and observational tactics to identify how design elements correlate with user engagement. Findings reveal that environmental qualities, such as tranquility and clear signage, alongside the density of fitness equipment, significantly affect residents’ activity patterns, with a notable correlation (R²=0.727) between equipment density and spontaneous activity levels. This method promises enhanced space efficiency and user satisfaction by weaving user feedback into the spatial design process, offering a novel paradigm for spatial design innovation.

With the development of the market economy, new farmers’ cooperative economic organisations have flourished, and with their organisational appeal, linkage of economic interests and attraction, they have brought together and driven a large number of farmers, accumulated rich social capital, become the emerging subjects of rural governance, and influenced and changed the existential ecology of rural governance. Based on the perspective of new farmers’ cooperative economic organisations, this paper provides a relatively comprehensive and systematic exploration of rural governance embedded in new farmers’ cooperative economic organisations with the help of coordination theory, institutional theory and the utility function in calculus theory. The specific operation, motivation, and guarantee mechanisms under the organization’s participation in rural governance are empirically examined. The mean value of the composite index of the level of rural governance under the participation of NPCE organisations is 0.633, with a coefficient of variation of 0.144. It is found that the participation of the new farmers’ cooperative economic organisations in rural governance is a stage-by-stage development trend. In the long run, rural governance will eventually shift to a pattern of multiple co-governance, led by the market, guided by the government, and directed by village organizations.

The level of high-quality openness is determined by the degree of economic openness, so this paper explores the impact of high-quality openness on China’s economic growth according to the degree of economic openness and analyzes the long-term equilibrium relationship and short-term dynamic adjustment process between high-quality openness and economic growth by using mathematical and statistical methods such as co-integration analysis and error correction model. An indicator system containing multiple dimensions such as trade openness, foreign cooperation, and real tariff rate is constructed, and China’s relevant data for the past 15 years are collected for empirical analysis. The research results show that there exists a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between economic growth and the indicators of economic openness, and every 1% increase in overall economic openness leads to a 0.48532% increase in GDP. In the short term, the openness of the Chinese economy has a minor impact on economic growth over the same period. Additionally, there is a unidirectional Granger causality between economic openness and China’s economic growth, i.e., economic openness can enhance economic growth, but economic growth is not the cause of economic openness. It indicates that high-quality openness can promote China’s economic growth.

In this paper, in order to study the best way to digitally protect industrial heritage, we take the industrial heritage of A city as the research object and build a platform for the digital protection of industrial heritage. In this paper, after the actual investigation of the current problems of industrial heritage protection in A city, based on the results of the investigation, the Unity 3D engine is applied to build an industrial heritage digital protection platform integrating the introduction of industrial heritage, virtual browsing, architectural drawings, and characteristic culture. In the ANOVA analysis of the willingness to use the relevant functions of the industrial heritage digital protection platform, those who know a little about the industrial heritage of City A are willing to use the production process and virtual experience functions, while those who don’t know much about the industrial heritage of City A are more willing to use the functions such as basic knowledge. The industrial heritage digitization platform has an impact on the user’s satisfaction due to its usability, reliability, findability, interactivity, openness, and immersion.

This paper develops a practical program of non-heritage images based on AR technology according to the characteristics of AR technology. Screening the non-heritage image sense of place evaluation index and satisfaction test items, respectively, constructs the sense of place mathematical evaluation model and KNO model. Taking the questionnaire data as the entry point, use the model of this paper to jointly explore the non-heritage images based on AR technology.The mean value of the Worse index of the 20 satisfaction test items is -0.3517, and the mean value of the Better index is 0.6626, which proves that the experiencers’ attitude towards the non-heritage images integrating AR technology is basically satisfied.The assessment matrix of sense of place for the AR technology-driven non-heritage images is ( 3.5804, 2.0325, 1.4579, 1.5178, 1.4104), indicating that the performance of AR technology in the sense of place recreation of non-heritage images is excellent.

This paper explores applying deep learning techniques for automatically recognizing and transcribing oracle bone and gold texts. We significantly enhance model recognition efficiency by leveraging the power of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for image data enhancement and the Pix2Pix model for text repair. Our approach integrates the ResNet50 model for robust feature extraction with unsupervised domain adaptation, utilizing multiple pseudo labels to achieve efficient text recognition and transcription. We improve the model’s repair capabilities by generating hard-to-distinguish sample data through GANs and employing a U-Net-based text repair model enhanced with dense connectivity and spectral normalization. Further, combining ResNet50 for feature extraction and advanced domain adaptation techniques strengthens the model’s generalization. Our results on the Oracle dataset show an increase in recognition accuracy from 82% to 94.5%, highlighting the effectiveness of our image enhancement strategies. The ResNet50 extractor outperforms others across various Intersection over Union (IoU) metrics, establishing its feature extraction superiority. In real-world scenarios, testing with a combined Oracle and Jinwen dataset yields a recognition accuracy above 80%, demonstrating our model’s ability to effectively fulfill the recognition task. This research underscores the potential of deep learning algorithms in automating the recognition and transcription of ancient texts, offering a novel solution that significantly boosts recognition accuracy through a synergistic blend of image enhancement, feature extraction, and domain adaptation techniques.

This study explores biosensor technology, focusing on its application in drug detection through advanced quantitative analysis methods: partial least squares (PLS) and probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA). We developed a rapid quantitative calibration model using azure A, B, and C—metabolites of pefloxacin mesylate and methylene blue— demonstrated through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The findings highlight the superior accuracy of PLS and PPCA in predicting drug concentrations, with pefloxacin mesylate detection deviations maintained between 0.24%-0.98% and 0.35%-1.02%, respectively. PLS proved to be slightly more effective. This study confirms the potential of biosensor technology in ensuring drug safety, offering substantial support for public health protection and regulatory compliance.

Mathematical modeling is the link between mathematics and practical problems and is the medium through which mathematics is widely used in related fields. This paper introduces the definitions of mathematical models in different disciplines and for different practical problems and gives the specific steps of mathematical modeling and the key problems to be solved in each step, the most important of which is nonlinear regression theory. The parameter estimation of the error variance of the nonlinear regression model is performed by the least squares method, and for the problem of poor numerical stability and computational complexity due to the pathological matrix in solving the least squares method, the least squares method is proposed based on adding the edge computing framework. The results show that the system efficiency of the nonlinear regression model based on edge computing is 92%, and the resource utilization is between 80% and 90% on average, which is higher than the two algorithms of RPP and RPA. The nonlinear regression model based on edge computing proposed in this paper organically combines mathematical modeling, which can make mathematical modeling play a greater role in the practical application process and solve more practical problems.

Along with globalization and technological advances, the complexity and dynamics of international supply chains are increasing. Using CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the knowledge map of the global supply chain helps to deeply understand the industry’s development trends and essential elements. The knowledge map of the international supply chain field is visualized and analyzed using CiteSpace software in this paper, which uncovers the key components and development trends in the field. The study involves collecting and analyzing relevant literature from 2009 to 2021, and applying techniques such as word frequency analysis, co-occurrence network construction, and spectral clustering algorithms to map the knowledge map. Supply chain management, supply chain resilience and risk management are the most popular topics in the supply chain field, in which the word “supply chain management” has a co-occurrence frequency of 485 times, with a centrality of 0.457. Using the spectral clustering algorithm, we identify several key research clusters and find that “supply chain security” has become a recent research topic. Security” has become a hot research topic recently. Research in the field of supply chain is gradually focusing on improving chain flexibility and reducing risks. There is increasing interest in the trend of supply chain futurization and intelligence.

Virtual reality technology has transformed numerous fields, including art design, where its implications are particularly profound. This study explores the integration of optical illusion with virtual reality to offer novel expressions and perspectives in art. This approach generates unparalleled visual effects by leveraging visual discrepancies and augmented reality. It softens the divide between the virtual and tangible worlds, enriching art design’s creative domain.Our research demonstrates the effective visualization of three-dimensional objects and the streamlined post-processing of images. Employing optical illusion technology, we observed an average enhancement of 37% in the accuracy of categorizing illusions, alongside a notable increase in the perceived depth of images without special equipment. Specifically, the perceived three-dimensional effect of images processed through this technology scored an average of 67.57, significantly from the unprocessed images’ score of 54.83. Furthermore, a case study on ‘No Signal’ design illustrates how dynamic optical illusions can dramatically amplify the visual impact and novelty experienced by viewers.In summary, applying optical illusions grounded in virtual reality technology profoundly enhances artworks’ visual appeal and broadens art design’s expressive capabilities. This advancement holds considerable theoretical and practical relevance, underscoring its significance and potential in art and design.