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"1880-1964"
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Supreme commander : MacArthur's triumph in Japan
A combination of political history, military biography, and business management reveals how General Douglas MacArthur defied expectations to rebuild Japan successfully after World War II.
Book
Cheongcheon 1950
Blick ins BuchSiegesgewiss plante General Douglas MacArthur, Oberkommandierenderder UN-Streitkrafte in Korea, eine groangelegte Offensive, die einen kraftvollen Vorsto aller Truppen nach Norden vorsah. Am chinesischen Grenzfluss Yalu sollte der nordkoreanische Gegner endgultig zerschlagen und der Koreakrieg noch vor Ablauf des Jahres 1950 beendet werden. Wahrend die UN-Truppen in der bergigen Landschaft beiderseits des Flusses Cheongcheon vorruckten, formierte sich unerkannt ein gewaltiger chinesischer Gegenangriff, der die ambitionierte Offensive in eine schwere Niederlage verwandelte. Wir stehen einem vollig neuen Krieg gegenuber lautete das Urteil MacArthurs, der erkannte, dass die chinesische Intervention fortan die Strategie in Korea nachhaltig verandern wurde. Die Schlacht am Cheongcheon ist damit nicht nur ein Wendepunkt des Koreakrieges, sondern auch ein Schlusselereignis des Kalten Krieges. Oliver Heyn analysiert die taktischen Entscheidungen der Generale ebenso wie die Erfahrungen und Emotionen der Soldaten, die in extremer Kalte um jedes Stuck Boden rangen. Am Ende steht die Einsicht, dass trotz uberlegener Technik und Material der Faktor Mensch die entscheidende Komponente auf dem Schlachtfeld bleibt.
eBook
Photo-Attractions
In Spring 1938, an Indian dancer named Ram Gopal and an American writer-photographer named Carl Van Vechten came together for a photoshoot in New York City. Ram Gopal was a pioneer of classical Indian dance and Van Vechten was reputed as a prominent white patron of the African-American movement called the Harlem Renaissance. Photo-Attractions describes the interpersonal desires and expectations of the two men that took shape when the dancer took pose in exotic costumes in front of Van Vechten's Leica camera. The spectacular images provide a rare and compelling record of an underrepresented history of transcultural exchanges during the interwar years of early-20th century, made briefly visible through photography.
Art historian Ajay Sinha uses these hitherto unpublished photographs and archival research to raise provocative and important questions about photographic technology, colonial histories, race, sexuality and transcultural desires. Challenging the assumption that Gopal was merely objectified by Van Vechten's Orientalist gaze, he explores the ways in which the Indian dancer co-authored the photos. In Sinha's reading, Van Vechten's New York studio becomes a promiscuous contact zone between world cultures, where a \"photo-erotic\" triangle is formed between the American photographer, Indian dancer, and German camera.
A groundbreaking study of global modernity, Photo-Attractions brings scholarship on American photography, literature, race and sexual economies into conversation with work on South Asian visual culture, dance, and gender. In these remarkable historical documents, it locates the pleasure taken in cultural difference that still resonates today.
eBook
Langston Hughes, London, 1938 by Eslanda Goode Robeson
Langston Hughes, Eslanda Goode Robeson, and Louise Jefferson were three African American artists and activists united by common ideals: the power of visual culture, the value of transatlantic connections, and the advocation for greater freedoms for African Americans through art. Through the detailed examination of a single photographic object, this article examines the role that photography played in cultivating interwar networks that were simultaneously intimate and global, personal and public. This photograph evidences the strong, transatlantic friendship between Hughes, Robeson, and Jefferson and demonstrates how Black women image-makers merged personal and professional space within their activism.
Journal Article
Not Even Past: Race, Historical Trauma, and Subjectivity in Faulkner, Larsen, and Van Vechten
Not Even Past highlights references to nineteenth-century U.S. slavery and anti-Black racism in literary and photographic projects begun during the late 1920s and early 1930s, including novels by William Faulkner and Nella Larsen, and portraits by Carl Van Vechten. These texts share a representational crisis, in which distinctions between present, quotidian racism and a massive, fully racialized historical trauma disappear. All identify persistent historical traumatization with intense subjective states (including madness, religious ecstasy, narcissism, and fetishistic enjoyment), and each explores the conservative, even coercive social character of such links between psyche and history. When the past of enslavement is not even past,narration freezes, black and white women lose their capacity to question or resist social and domestic violence, and racial politics fail.Anticipating contemporary trauma studies by decades, these disparate modernists' works constitute not an expounded or avowed but an interstitial trauma theory, which finds its shape in the spaces left by conventional public discourse. Their works parallel important essays by psychoanalytic thinkers of the same era, including Joan Riviere, Sigmund Freud, Melanie Klein, and Walter Benjamin, and their joint explication of relationships among psyche, history, and race offers important resources for psychoanalytic approaches to racial difference today. Despite their analytic acuity, however, Faulkner, Larsen, and Van Vechten also themselves carry the traumatic past forward into the future. Indeed, the two novelists' tragic depictions of a triumphant color line and the photographer's insistence on an idiom of black primitivism lent support to white supremacy in the twentieth century. Yet even in their very failure, three U.S. modernists tell us that it is not enough simply to exercise critical acuity on the marks of past violence. Reading, however masterly, cannot interrupt a history in the midst of repeating itself; it can only itself reiterate the disaster.
eBook