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Murakami : unfamiliar people, swelling of monsterized human ego
\"One of Japan's leading contemporary artists, Takashi Murakami's work has been distinguished by a wide-ranging practice that encompasses not only fine art, but fashion, consumer products, curation, and entertainment. As founder of the Superflat movement, Murakami's artworks are larger than life, boldly colored, and buoyant, with a pop sensibility that draws inspiration from anime and manga. His familiar happy flowers and kawaii characters have become branded icons for the artist's production and management company, Kaikai Kiki, Ltd. Beyond the cheerful images that have defined Murakami's career lurk darker manifestations-the sharp-toothed, multi-eyed monsters that have increasingly become this artist's vehicle for expressing the effects of rampant consumerism, human fallibility, and media-induced anxiety. Murakami: Unfamiliar People-Swelling of Monsterized Human Ego explores this theme in works from the last decade, a time of intense environmental, political, and social upheaval in the world at large. Using humor and playful distortion, he portrays the monsters that alternately haunt us and offer diversion, solace, and protection from chaos. Lately, the COVID pandemic has unleashed its own demons, prompting new images of estrangement and NFT art that speaks to the rise of replicants and cyborgs that inhabit virtual realms\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Cuban Missile Crisis
Drawing on an extensive body of research, including primary sources released only in the last few years, this work places the crisis in a broader international and chronological context than previously possible.
eBook
Distinct baseline immune characteristics associated with responses to conjugated and unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines in older adults
Pneumococcal infections cause serious illness and death among older adults. The capsular polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 and conjugated alternative PCV13 can prevent these infections; yet, underlying immunological responses and baseline predictors remain unknown. We vaccinated 39 older adults (>60 years) with PPSV23 or PCV13 and observed comparable antibody responses (day 28) and plasmablast transcriptional responses (day 10); however, the baseline predictors were distinct. Analyses of baseline flow cytometry and bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data revealed a baseline phenotype specifically associated with weaker PCV13 responses, which was characterized by increased expression of cytotoxicity-associated genes, increased frequencies of CD16
+
natural killer cells and interleukin-17-producing helper T cells and a decreased frequency of type 1 helper T cells. Men displayed this phenotype more robustly and mounted weaker PCV13 responses than women. Baseline expression levels of a distinct gene set predicted PPSV23 responses. This pneumococcal precision vaccinology study in older adults uncovered distinct baseline predictors that might transform vaccination strategies and initiate novel interventions.
Ravichandran et al. performed a systems immunology study to profile the responses to pneumococcal vaccines in older adults. They identified distinct baseline features that could capture responses to Prevnar and Pneumovax and sex-biased differences in Prevnar responses.
Journal Article
Essentials. Pivotal events, war, and conflict. The Cuban Missile Crisis
In 1962, the United States discovered that the Soviets had installed nuclear warheads in Cuba, sparking an international crisis that impacted millions and was resolved through diplomacy.
Streaming Video
Intravenous nanoparticle vaccination generates stem-like TCF1+ neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells
Personalized cancer vaccines are a promising approach for inducing T cell immunity to tumor neoantigens. Using a self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine that links neoantigen peptides to a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist (SNP-7/8a), we show how the route and dose alter the magnitude and quality of neoantigen-specific CD8
+
T cells. Intravenous vaccination (SNP-IV) induced a higher proportion of TCF1
+
PD-1
+
CD8
+
T cells as compared to subcutaneous immunization (SNP-SC). Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that SNP-IV induced stem-like genes (
Tcf7
,
Slamf6
,
Xcl1
) whereas SNP-SC enriched for effector genes (
Gzmb
,
Klrg1
,
Cx3cr1
). Stem-like cells generated by SNP-IV proliferated and differentiated into effector cells upon checkpoint blockade, leading to superior antitumor response as compared to SNP-SC in a therapeutic model. The duration of antigen presentation by dendritic cells controlled the magnitude and quality of CD8
+
T cells. These data demonstrate how to optimize antitumor immunity by modulating vaccine parameters for specific generation of effector or stem-like CD8
+
T cells.
Seder and colleagues use a self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine and adjuvant to expand stem-like CD8
+
T cells and trigger potent antitumor responses.
Journal Article
Peptide–TLR-7/8a conjugate vaccines chemically programmed for nanoparticle self-assembly enhance CD8 T-cell immunity to tumor antigens
Personalized cancer vaccines targeting patient-specific neoantigens are a promising cancer treatment modality; however, neoantigen physicochemical variability can present challenges to manufacturing personalized cancer vaccines in an optimal format for inducing anticancer T cells. Here, we developed a vaccine platform (SNP-7/8a) based on charge-modified peptide–TLR-7/8a conjugates that are chemically programmed to self-assemble into nanoparticles of uniform size (~20 nm) irrespective of the peptide antigen composition. This approach provided precise loading of diverse peptide neoantigens linked to TLR-7/8a (adjuvant) in nanoparticles, which increased uptake by and activation of antigen-presenting cells that promote T-cell immunity. Vaccination of mice with SNP-7/8a using predicted neoantigens (
n
= 179) from three tumor models induced CD8 T cells against ~50% of neoantigens with high predicted MHC-I binding affinity and led to enhanced tumor clearance. SNP-7/8a delivering in silico-designed mock neoantigens also induced CD8 T cells in nonhuman primates. Altogether, SNP-7/8a is a generalizable approach for codelivering peptide antigens and adjuvants in nanoparticles for inducing anticancer T-cell immunity.
Cancer vaccines that self-assemble into uniform nanoparticles improve tumor clearance.
Journal Article