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الثورة في نبضي وحرفي
يحتوي الكتاب على نصوص كتبها العيساوي قبل وبعد ثورة فبراير 2011 م، حيث قسم إلى جزءين، الجزء الأول حمل عنوان (إرهاصة) والثاني (اشتعال). يقول العيساوي : \"كتبت عن الأصل في الشيء، وهو ما يدوم، أما ما يعتريه من مخالفات فهو متعلق بجملة من المتغيرات المختلفة، منها ما هو محلي ومنها ما هو بتأثير خارجي أو دولي. لست أبالغ لو قلت لك إن قناعتي لم تتغير تجاه الثورة ليس عنادا ولا انغلاقا ولا انتصارا للنفس والفكرة، بل إننا لم نعط ونفسح لعربة الثورة الطريق ووضعنا العصي في دواليبها ولكوننا لم نحسن اختيار من يقودها وصرنا تبعا لذلك نلومها على التقصير وخيبة الأمل التي شابتها بفعل أيدينا\" وحول الكتب التي تتناول ثورة فبراير وتاريخ ليبيا القديم المسكوت عنه، يضيف العيساوي : \"هذه المجموعة من الكتب لم تؤسس لفقه الثورة قبل اندلاعها وأغلب مؤلفيها لم يعرفوا ككتاب قبل فبراير، لذا لا تنتظر منها شيئا ولا تعول عليها، فأغلب هذا النتاج لا يتجاوز التوثيق. أو بالأحرى لا تنفع مثل هذه الكتب إلا لاستهلاك الذكريات فقط. ولا تؤثر سلبا ولا إيجابا وقد ينتفع مؤلفها منها ماديا، لأن شريحة عريضة من القراء تهتم بالفضائح والأخبار المثيرة التي تجدها في متن مثل هذه الكتب، كما أن هناك قسما من القراء يحب أن يقرأ كتبا بها تصفية حسابات بين ساسة خسروا مواقعهم القديمة ويحاولون القفز إلى عربة جديدة تعيدهم إلى الضوء\" أما كتب تبرئة الساحة، أي كتب من كانوا مع القذافي، أو مع مشروع ليبيا الغد الخاص بسيف الإسلام فيعلق العيساوي بقوله: \"مثل هذه الكتب بمثابة تبرئة ذمة وتكفير عن الذنب\"
Book
Definitions and guidelines for research on antibiotic persistence
Increasing concerns about the rising rates of antibiotic therapy failure and advances in single-cell analyses have inspired a surge of research into antibiotic persistence. Bacterial persister cells represent a subpopulation of cells that can survive intensive antibiotic treatment without being resistant. Several approaches have emerged to define and measure persistence, and it is now time to agree on the basic definition of persistence and its relation to the other mechanisms by which bacteria survive exposure to bactericidal antibiotic treatments, such as antibiotic resistance, heteroresistance or tolerance. In this Consensus Statement, we provide definitions of persistence phenomena, distinguish between triggered and spontaneous persistence and provide a guide to measuring persistence. Antibiotic persistence is not only an interesting example of non-genetic single-cell heterogeneity, it may also have a role in the failure of antibiotic treatments. Therefore, it is our hope that the guidelines outlined in this article will pave the way for better characterization of antibiotic persistence and for understanding its relevance to clinical outcomes.Antibiotic persistence contributes to the survival of bacteria during antibiotic treatment. In this Consensus Statement, scientists working on the response of bacteria to antibiotics define antibiotic persistence and provide practical guidance on how to study bacterial persisters.
Journal Article
Parker, Lopez and Stone's the Book of Mormon
\"In 2011, a musical full of curse words and Mormon missionaries swept that year's Tony Awards show and was praised among major media outlets as a triumphant return of the American musical. Has everyone gone insane? Or is this show a new milestone for musical theatre? Brian Granger's book explores the inherent achievements (and failures) of The Book of Mormon--one of the most ambitious, and problematic, musicals to achieve widespread success. The creative team members-Matt Parker and Trey Stone of the animated TV show South Park, and composer Robert Lopez, famous for his irreverent, Sesame Street-parody musical Avenue Q--were collectively known for their aggressive use of taboo subjects and crude, punchy humor. Granger uses the metaphor of boxing to explore the metaphorical punches the trio delivers and to ruminate over the less-discussed ideological wounds that their style of shock absurdism might leave behind. Granger offers a new theory about the formation of racialized representations and how the musical participates in that larger cultural process. This careful examination of where The Book of Mormon succeeds and fails is sure to challenge discussion our understanding of musical comedy and our appreciation for this cultural landmark in theatre\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Streptococcus pneumoniae: transmission, colonization and invasion
Streptococcus pneumoniae has a complex relationship with its obligate human host. On the one hand, the pneumococci are highly adapted commensals, and their main reservoir on the mucosal surface of the upper airways of carriers enables transmission. On the other hand, they can cause severe disease when bacterial and host factors allow them to invade essentially sterile sites, such as the middle ear spaces, lungs, bloodstream and meninges. Transmission, colonization and invasion depend on the remarkable ability of S. pneumoniae to evade or take advantage of the host inflammatory and immune responses. The different stages of pneumococcal carriage and disease have been investigated in detail in animal models and, more recently, in experimental human infection. Furthermore, widespread vaccination and the resulting immune pressure have shed light on pneumococcal population dynamics and pathogenesis. Here, we review the mechanistic insights provided by these studies on the multiple and varied interactions of the pneumococcus and its host.
Journal Article
أشخاص حول القذافي
قدم عبد الرحمن شلقم في كتابه \"أشخاص حول القذافي\" الكثير من المعلومات والخفايا الخاصة بالشخصيات القريبة من العقيد الراحل معمر القذافي مراعيا من خلال سرده وحديثه عنها مدى علاقته وقربه وصداقته لها، فمنهم من يقدمه بصورة سيئة جدا، ومنهم من يحاول أن يبحث له في تاريخه الطويل في خدمة العقيد عن بقعة ضوء. لكن العامل المشترك الذي أسقطه شلقم على كل هذه الشخصيات هو إدانتهم لاستمرارهم مع النظام المنهار إلى آخر يوم فيه وعدم انضمامهم للثورة مبكرا كما فعل هو، مستجيبا لنداء الخير في قلبه، ليتحول إلى كلمات مؤثرة يلقيها في هيئة الأمم المتحدة ليصدر القرار الأممي القاضي بحماية الليبيين العزل.
Book
Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence
Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen that causes ventilator-associated as well as bloodstream infections in critically ill patients, and the spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter strains is cause for concern. Much of the success of A. baumannii can be directly attributed to its plastic genome, which rapidly mutates when faced with adversity and stress. However, fundamental virulence mechanisms beyond canonical drug resistance were recently uncovered that enable A. baumannii and, to a limited extent, other medically relevant Acinetobacter species to successfully thrive in the health-care environment. In this Review, we explore the molecular features that promote environmental persistence, including desiccation resistance, biofilm formation and motility, and we discuss the most recently identified virulence factors, such as secretion systems, surface glycoconjugates and micronutrient acquisition systems that collectively enable these pathogens to successfully infect their hosts.
Journal Article
جماهيرية الدم والنار : تاريخ من الصراعات والحروب والمؤامرات
جماهيرية الدم والنار تاريخ من الصراعات والحروب والمؤامرات لأن القذافي كان يعتبر نفسه حاكما ثوريا، ملهما، يحمل للعالم منهجا جديدا ورسالة ضمنها في كتابه \"الأخضر\".. فقد شهدت سنواته الأربعون التي حكم فيها ليبيا العديد من الصراعات والمعارك السياسية والعسكرية والنزاعات، وهي صراعات لم يتورع القذافي في سبيل حسمها لصالحه عن التعاون مع الإرهابيين الدوليين والمنظمات الإرهابية العالمية، ولا عن الخطف والقتل، وبذل فيها الكثير من أموال الشعب الليبي وتعرضت بسببها ليبيا للحصار والعقوبات، والمطالبة بالتعويضات، وفي هذا الكتاب نقدم لكم الصفحات الأهم والأبرز في ذلك الملف، ملف القذافي، وصراعاته، ومؤامراته، وحروبه.
Book
Persistent bacterial infections and persister cells
Key Points
Many bacterial infections persist in the host for long periods of time despite antibiotic treatment.
This persistence is an important medical concern, as it leads to the overuse of antibiotics and therefore contributes to antimicrobial resistance.
The role of antibiotic-tolerant persister cells in the recalcitrance and relapse of bacterial infections has gained recognition in recent years.
Persisters are often growth-arrested bacteria with a reduced metabolism that are able to restart growth after a stress.
The stresses that bacteria encounter during the infection of a host are triggers for the formation of persisters.
Toxin–antitoxin modules have an important role in the formation of growth-arrested persisters.
Understanding how growth-arrested persisters regrow is necessary to design better therapeutic strategies.
Many bacteria can infect and persist inside their hosts for long periods of time. In this Review, Fisher, Gollan and Helaine discuss recent developments in our understanding of bacterial persisters and their potential implications for the treatment of persistent infections.
Many bacteria can infect and persist inside their hosts for long periods of time. This can be due to immunosuppression of the host, immune evasion by the pathogen and/or ineffective killing by antibiotics. Bacteria can survive antibiotic treatment if they are resistant or tolerant to a drug. Persisters are a subpopulation of transiently antibiotic-tolerant bacterial cells that are often slow-growing or growth-arrested, and are able to resume growth after a lethal stress. The formation of persister cells establishes phenotypic heterogeneity within a bacterial population and has been hypothesized to be important for increasing the chances of successfully adapting to environmental change. The presence of persister cells can result in the recalcitrance and relapse of persistent bacterial infections, and it has been linked to an increase in the risk of the emergence of antibiotic resistance during treatment. If the mechanisms of the formation and regrowth of these antibiotic-tolerant cells were better understood, it could lead to the development of new approaches for the eradication of persistent bacterial infections. In this Review, we discuss recent developments in our understanding of bacterial persisters and their potential implications for the treatment of persistent infections.
Journal Article
Porins and small-molecule translocation across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria and their complex cell envelope, which comprises an outer membrane and an inner membrane, are an important and attractive system for studying the translocation of small molecules across biological membranes. In the outer membrane of Enterobacteriaceae, trimeric porins control the cellular uptake of small molecules, including nutrients and antibacterial agents. The relatively slow porin-mediated passive uptake across the outer membrane and active efflux via efflux pumps in the inner membrane creates a permeability barrier. The synergistic action of outer membrane permeability, efflux pump activities and enzymatic degradation efficiently reduces the intracellular concentrations of small molecules and contributes to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and functional roles of general porins in small-molecule translocation in Enterobacteriaceae and consider the crucial contribution of porins in antibiotic resistance.In the outer membrane, trimeric porins control the cellular uptake of small molecules, including nutrients and antibacterial agents. In this Review, Pagès and colleagues discuss advances in our understanding of the roles of general porins in small-molecule translocation in Enterobacteriaceae and consider the crucial contribution of porins in antibiotic resistance.
Journal Article