Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
773,265
result(s) for
"2"
Sort by:
B-2 Spirit stealth bomber
This title explores the development and use of the nearly undetectable B-2 Spirit heavy bomber. Readers will follow the history of its origins and the development of its stealth technology.
Book
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thalidomide Derivatives as Potential Anti-Psoriasis Agents
Several thalidomide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity. Introduction of the benzyl group to the parent thalidomide is unfavorable in which 2-(1-benzyl-2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (4a) was inactivated. However, the inhibitory activities on TNF-α and IL-6 expression in HaCaT cells were improved by the substitution of a chloro- or methoxy- group at the phenyl position of 4a. The IL-6 inhibitory activity decreased in an order of 5c (69.44%) > 4c (48.73%) > 6c (3.19%) indicating the 3-substituted derivative is more active than the 4-substituted counterpart, which in turn is more active than the 2-substituted counterpart. Among them, 2-[1-(3-chlorobenzyl)-2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl]isoindoline-1,3-dione (5c) was found to inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 expression in HaCaT cells with a higher potency than thalidomide and no significant cell cytotoxicity was detected at 10 μM. In psoriasis, Compound 5c reduced IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and IL-24 in imiquimod-stimulated models. Our results indicated that compound 5c is a potential lead of novel anti-psoriasis agents. Structural optimization of compound 5c and its in vivo assay are ongoing.
Journal Article
Pushing our limits : insights from Biosphere 2
Biospherian Mark Nelson offers insider perspectives on Biosphere 2 and bold insights into today's global ecological challenges--Provided by publisher.
Book
SGLT-2-inhibition with dapagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content: a randomised controlled trial
Background and aims
Sodium tissue content by
23
Na magnetic resonance imaging (Na-MRI) has been validated in experimental and human studies. SGLT-2 inhibition blocks the reabsorption of glucose and of sodium in the proximal tubular cells in a 1:1 fashion. We hypothesized that SGLT-2 inhibition in patients with type 2 diabetes characterized by sodium retention leads to decreased tissue sodium content due to its pharmacological action.
Materials and methods
In a prospective double blind, placebo controlled, cross-over trial 59 patients (61 ± 7.6 years) with type 2 diabetes were randomized to either dapagliflozin 10 mg or placebo once daily for 6 weeks each. In addition to metabolic parameters and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) we analysed the sodium content in the skin and muscles of the lower leg by Na-MRI.
Results
Compared to baseline 6 weeks treatment with the SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin decreased fasting (132 ± 28 vs. 114 ± 19 mg/dl, p < 0.001), postprandial blood glucose (178 ± 66 mg/dl vs. 153 ± 46 mg/dl, p < 0.001), body weight (87.6 vs. 86.6 kg, p < 0.001) and systolic (129 ± 12 vs. 126 ± 11 mmHg, p = 0.010), and diastolic (77.4 ± 9 vs. 75.6 ± 8 mmHg, p = 0.024), 24-h ambulatory BP. Tissue sodium content in the skin was reduced after 6 weeks treatment with dapagliflozin compared to baseline [24.1 ± 6.6 vs. 22.7 ± 6.4 A.U.(arbitrary unit) p = 0.013]. No significant reduction of tissue sodium content was observed in the muscle (M. triceps surae: 20.5 ± 3.5 vs. 20.4 ± 3.7 A.U. p = 0.801). No clear significant difference in tissue water content of muscle and skin was observed after 6 weeks of treatment with dapagliflozin, compared to baseline.
Conclusion
SGLT-2 inhibition with dapagliflozin resulted in a significant decrease in tissue sodium content of the skin after 6 weeks. This observation point to a decrease of total sodium content in patients with type 2 diabetes prone to cardiovascular complications, that might be mitigated by SGLT-2 inhibition.
Trial registration
The study was registered at
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
(NCT02383238) retrospectively registered
Journal Article
Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. Whether SGLT2 inhibitors are effective in patients with a higher left ventricular ejection fraction remains less certain.
We randomly assigned 6263 patients with heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of more than 40% to receive dapagliflozin (at a dose of 10 mg once daily) or matching placebo, in addition to usual therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of worsening heart failure (which was defined as either an unplanned hospitalization for heart failure or an urgent visit for heart failure) or cardiovascular death, as assessed in a time-to-event analysis.
Over a median of 2.3 years, the primary outcome occurred in 512 of 3131 patients (16.4%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 610 of 3132 patients (19.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 0.92; P<0.001). Worsening heart failure occurred in 368 patients (11.8%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 455 patients (14.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.91); cardiovascular death occurred in 231 patients (7.4%) and 261 patients (8.3%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05). Total events and symptom burden were lower in the dapagliflozin group than in the placebo group. Results were similar among patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60% or more and those with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 60%, and results were similar in prespecified subgroups, including patients with or without diabetes. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups.
Dapagliflozin reduced the combined risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death among patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. (Funded by AstraZeneca; DELIVER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03619213.).
Journal Article
القصة الحقيقية : أول رواية في تاريخ الخيال العلمي
القصة الحقيقية : هي أول رواية في تاريخ الخيال العلمي، كتبها لوقيانوس السميساطي في القرن الثاني الميلادي. تعتبر هذه الرواية من الأعمال الأدبية الرائدة التي تمزج بين الخيال العلمي والفانتازيا، حيث تتناول مغامرات خيالية ورحلات إلى عوالم غير معروفة. الرواية تسخر من الأساطير والخرافات التي كانت شائعة في ذلك الوقت، وتقدم رؤية نقدية للعادات والتقاليد الاجتماعية.
BOOK
Finerenone with Empagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
In this trial in persons with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, combination therapy with finerenone and empagliflozin led to a greater reduction in the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio than either drug alone.
Journal Article
The LEGO movie 2 : the awesomest, most amazing, most epic movie guide in the universe!
Companion guide to the characters, vehicles, and locations featured in The LEGO Movie 2.
Book
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
In this trial, patients with CKD (with or without type 2 diabetes) were randomly assigned to receive dapagliflozin or placebo. The primary composite outcome — a sustained decline in the estimated GFR of at least 50%, end-stage kidney disease, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes — was less frequent with dapagliflozin.
Journal Article