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ADHD does not exist : the truth about Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
\"Few mental disorders have been met with more controversy in recent years than Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. An estimated 4.7% of adults, and up to 16% of children are living with ADHD in the US. However, some allege that doctors are handing out prescriptions indiscriminately. Thousands of patients respond poorly to stimulant medication, which is at times prescribed to individuals without the condition. There have been countless reports of students and professionals abusing Adderall or Ritalin to enhance their performance in the classroom and at work. Meanwhile, pharmaceutical companies have found a goldmine. Yet the symptoms of attention-deficit and hyperactivity are all-too-real for many individuals who are frequently unable to function without treatment. The controversy surrounding the medication has left these patients and their families at a frustrating standstill, with no alternative options available to them. In ADHD Does Not Exist Dr. Richard Saul offers a groundbreaking solution. After thousands of clinical trials, he has determined that ADHD is not an entity on its own, but in fact a cluster of symptoms stemming from 12 other conditions, each of which requires a separate treatment. The comprehensive list ranges from harmless conditions (poor eyesight and giftedness) to more severe illnesses (bipolar disorder). Dr. Saul takes the reader through clinical examples in which he alters peoples' lives by diagnosing the underlying cause of their attention-deficit symptoms. ADHD Does Not Exist will serve as a handbook for doctors, practitioners, educators, and individuals who are seeking an honest approach to treating ADHD. The book will also be of cultural importance, as it aims to deconstruct one of the most elusive medical conditions of our time\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Exploring the Role of Caffeine Use in Adult-ADHD Symptom Severity of US Army Soldiers
There is a growing trend of using energy drinks and caffeinated beverages to improve cognitive performance that is widespread and well-studied among children and teenagers with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), but little is known about adult ADHD (A-ADHD). As a consequence, the use of highly caffeinated drinks and their impact on ADHD symptoms are poorly understood. This is especially true in populations where A-ADHD and the use of these beverages are largely represented, such as in military samples. From the All Army Study (AAS) of the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Service members (STARRS) data, 1,239 A-ADHD soldiers and 17,674 peers without any psychiatric comorbidity were selected. The two groups were compared on: (1) the presence of substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis both over their lifetime and in the previous 30 days; (2) patterns of alcohol and caffeine use using chi-square analyses. Lastly, the relationship between substance use and severity of A-ADHD symptoms was assessed using Pearson’s correlations. Soldiers with a diagnosis of A-ADHD had a higher prevalence of SUD diagnosis compared to their peers without psychiatric comorbidity. They also tended to use more alcohol, caffeine pills, energy drinks, and other caffeinated drinks. Alcohol use was positively correlated with A-ADHD symptoms; on the contrary, energy drinks, caffeine pills and other caffeinated drinks showed negative correlations with some aspects of A-ADHD symptomatology. The use of caffeinated compounds appears to be increased among military soldiers with ADHD, and they may help reducing A-ADHD symptoms and improve cognitive performance. These results suggest a possible role for caffeine as a potential pharmacological tool in the treatment of adult ADHD.
Journal Article
Adult ADHD: it is old and new at the same time – what is it?
Even though the number of studies aiming to improve comprehension of ADHD pathology has increased in recent years, there still is an urgent need for more effective studies, particularly in understanding adult ADHD, both at preclinical and clinical levels, due to the increasing evidence that adult ADHD is highly distinct and a different entity from childhood ADHD. This review paper outlines the symptoms, diagnostics, and neurobiological mechanisms of ADHD, with emphasis on how adult ADHD could be different from childhood-onset. Data show a difference in the environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and brain structural changes, when combined, could greatly impact the behavioral presentations and the severity of ADHD in adults. Furthermore, a crucial aspect in the quest to fully understand this disorder could be through longitudinal analysis. In this way, we will determine if and how the pathology and pharmacology of ADHD change with age. This goal could revolutionize our understanding of the disorder and address the weaknesses in the current clinical classification systems, improving the characterization and validity of ADHD diagnosis, specifically those in adults.
Journal Article
A new understanding of ADHD in children and adults : executive function impairments
\"For over 100 years, ADHD has been seen as essentially a behavior disorder. Recent scientific research has developed a new paradigm which recognizes ADHD as a developmental disorder of the cognitive management system of the brain, its executive functions. This cutting-edge book pulls together key ideas of this new understanding of ADHD, explaining them and describing in understandable language scientific research that supports this new model. It addresses questions like: - Why can those with ADHD focus very well on some tasks while having great difficulty in focusing on other tasks they recognize as important? - How does brain development and functioning of persons with ADHD differ from others?- How do impairments of ADHD change from childhood through adolescence and in adulthood?- What treatments help to improve ADHD impairments? How do they work? Are they safe?- Why do those with ADHD have additional emotional, cognitive, and learning disorders more often than most others?- What commonly-held assumptions about ADHD have now been proven wrong by scientific research?Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other medical and mental health professionals, as well as those affected by ADHD and their families, will find this to be am insightful and invaluable resource\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Methylphenidate, Sleep, and the \Stimulant Paradox\ in Adult ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Integrating Chronopharmacotherapy and Coaching
This conceptual narrative review explores the intricate dynamics of the 'stimulant paradox' in adult ADHD, highlighting the timing-dependent trade-offs associated with stimulant medication. The paradox underscores the complexity of balancing therapeutic benefits against potential side effects, contingent on the timing of administration. Chronopharmacotherapy emerges as a promising framework, integrating circadian and homeostatic processes with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. This approach suggests that aligning medication timing with individual biological rhythms may optimize outcomes, although the conceptual nature of this integration remains non-prescriptive. ADHD coaching is examined as a complementary strategy, focusing on the development of skill-oriented routines that are sensitive to timing. This adjunctive support may facilitate the practical implementation of chronopharmacotherapy principles, enhancing adherence and effectiveness. Figures and heuristics within the review serve as illustrative tools intended to guide understanding rather than dictate clinical practice. The review identifies critical areas for future research, emphasizing the need for empirical investigation into optimal clock-time windows, phase measures, and chronotype stratification. Additionally, assumptions regarding medication formulations warrant further scrutiny to refine timing-sensitive interventions in adult ADHD management.
Journal Article
Smart but scattered--and stalled : 10 steps to help young adults use their executive skills to set goals, make a plan, and successfully leave the nest
\"Whether you're a young adult who is stalled on the journey to independence--or a concerned parent still sharing the family nest--this compassionate book is for you. Providing a fresh perspective on the causes of failure to launch, the expert authors present a 10-step plan that helps grown kids and parents work together to achieve liftoff. Learn why brain-based executive skills such as planning, organization, and time management are so important to success, and what you can do to strengthen them\"--Back cover.
Book
A New Understanding of ADHD in Children and Adults
For over 100 years, ADHD has been seen as essentially a behavior disorder. Recent scientific research has developed a new paradigm which recognizes ADHD as a developmental disorder of the cognitive management system of the brain, its executive functions. This cutting-edge book pulls together key ideas of this new understanding of ADHD, explaining them and describing in understandable language scientific research that supports this new model. It addresses questions like:
Why can those with ADHD focus very well on some tasks while having great difficulty in focusing on other tasks they recognize as important?
How does brain development and functioning of persons with ADHD differ from others?
How do impairments of ADHD change from childhood through adolescence and in adulthood?
What treatments help to improve ADHD impairments? How do they work? Are they safe?
Why do those with ADHD have additional emotional, cognitive, and learning disorders more often than most others?
What commonly-held assumptions about ADHD have now been proven wrong by scientific research?
Psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other medical and mental health professionals, as well as those affected by ADHD and their families, will find this to be am insightful and invaluable resource.
eBook
How to ADHD : an insider's guide to working with your brain (not against it)
\"The creator of the YouTube channel How to ADHD shares the insights and strategies that help her thrive in this accessible and shame-free guide to working with, understanding, and celebrating the ADHD brain\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Diagnosis and management of ADHD: a pediatric perspective on practice and challenges in Switzerland
Background
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in childhood. In Switzerland, the complex diagnosis and treatment are being carried out by adolescent−/child psychiatrists, and pediatricians. Guidelines recommend a multimodal therapy for patients with ADHD. However, it has been questioned whether health professionals follow this approach or favor drug therapy. This study aims to provide insights into the practice of pediatricians in Switzerland regarding diagnosis and treatment of ADHD and their perceptions of these processes.
Method
An online survey (self-report) about current practices of diagnosis and management as well as challenges regarding ADHD was distributed to office-based pediatricians in Switzerland. One hundred fifty-one pediatricians participated. Results show that therapy options were almost always discussed with parents and older children. Exchange with parents (81%) and level of child’s suffering (97%) were central when selecting therapy options.
Results
Therapies about which pediatricians informed most often were: pharmacological therapy, psychotherapy, and multimodal therapy. Challenges voiced were the subjectivity of diagnostic criteria and dependence on third parties, low availability of psychotherapy, and a rather negative public attitude towards ADHD. Needs that were expressed were further education for all professionals, support for coordination with specialists and schools as well as improvement of information on ADHD.
Conclusions
Pediatricians do consider a multimodal approach when treating ADHD and take the families` and children’s opinions into account. Improvements of the availability of child and youth psychotherapy, the strengthening of the interprofessional cooperation with therapists and schools, and efforts to increase public knowledge about ADHD are proposed.
Journal Article