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The primary application of base isolation around the world is in buildings and bridges; however, it could be applied in any structure. Thetechnique has some limitations that, theoretically, reduce its efficiency, such as in tall buildings and soft soil conditions. In this paper, a non-conventional seismic isolated structure is studied to evaluate the benefits of the technique on it. Specifically, a stadium grandstandlocated in Colombia with hard and soft soil conditions beneath the isolated base is analyzed. The considered structure is important due to its necessity for seismic risk mitigation. It will have a high number of people to evacuate safely during earthquakes, and after them, it couldbe designated as a humanitarian shelter. The results a) show structural benefits principally in hard soil conditions, b) corroborate andquantify the limitations in soft soil, and c) make recommendations to isolate structures under the conditions studied here. La principal aplicación del aislamiento sísmico a nivel mundial está en edificaciones y puentes, sin embargo, puede ser aplicada a cualquierestructura. La técnica, teóricamente, tiene limitaciones de uso por eficiencia, como en edificaciones altas y suelos blandos. En este artículose estudia una estructura aislada no convencional, para evaluar los beneficios del aislamiento sobre esta. Específicamente se analiza unatribuna de estadio localizada en Colombia, con condiciones de suelo duro y blando. La estructura es importante, debido a su necesidad de mitigación del riesgo por sismo. Esta considerará un alto número de personas que deben evacuar de forma segura durante terremotos y después de estos, la estructura podría ser destinada a refugio humanitario. Los resultados a) muestran beneficio estructural principalmenteen condiciones de suelo duro, b) corroboran y cuantifican las limitaciones de los suelos blandos y c) permiten generar algunasrecomendaciones para aislar estructuras bajo las condiciones aquí estudiadas.

Growing threats to biodiversity and global alteration of habitats and species distributions make it increasingly necessary to consider evolutionary patterns in conservation decision making. Yet, there is no clear-cut guidance on how genetic features can be incorporated into conservation-planning processes, despite multiple molecular markers and several genetic metrics for each marker type to choose from. Genetic patterns differ between species, but the potential tradeoffs among genetic objectives for multiple species in conservation planning are currently understudied. We compared spatial conservation prioritizations derived from 2 metrics of genetic diversity (nucleotide and haplotype diversity) and 2 metrics of genetic isolation (private haplotypes and local genetic differentiation) in mitochondrial DNA of 5 marine species. We compared outcomes of conservation plans based only on habitat representation with plans based on genetic data and habitat representation. Fewer priority areas were selected for conservation plans based solely on habitat representation than on plans that included habitat and genetic data. All 4 genetic metrics selected approximately similar conservation-priority areas, which is likely a result of prioritizing genetic patterns across a genetically diverse array of species. Largely, our results suggest that multispecies genetic conservation objectives are vital to creating protected-area networks that appropriately preserve community-level evolutionary patterns. Las crecientes amenazas para la biodiversidad, la alteración global de los hábitats y la distribución de las especies cada vez hacen más necesario considerar los patrones evolutivos en la toma de decisiones sobre la conservación. Sin embargo, no existe una guía bien definida sobre cómo las características genéticas pueden ser incorporadas a los procesos de planificación de la conservación, a pesar de las opciones de múltiples marcadores moleculares y la variedad de medidas genéticas para cada marcador. Los patrones genéticos difieren entre las especies, pero las compensaciones potenciales entre los objetivos genéticos para especies múltiples en la planificación de la conservación no están completamente estudiadas en la actualidad. Comparamos las priorizaciones de conservación espacial derivadas de dos medidas de diversidad genética (diversidad de nucleótidos y haplotipos) y dos medidas de aislamiento genético (haplotipos privados y diferenciación genética local) en el ADN mitocondrial de cinco especies marinas. Comparamos los resultados de los planes de conservación basados solamente en la representación del hábitat con los planes basados en los datos genéticos y la representación del habitat. Se seleccionaron menos áreas prioritarias con los planes basados solamente en la representación del hábitat que con los planes que incluyeron los datos genéticos y de habitat. Las cuatro medidas genéticas seleccionaron aproximadamente áreas de prioridad de conservación similares, lo que probablemente es resultado depriorizar los patrones genéticos a lo largo de un conjunto de especies diversas genéticamente. En general, nuestros resultados sugieren que los objetivos de conservación genética de especies múltiples son vitales para crear redes de áreas protegidas que conserven apropiadamente los patrones evolutivos a nivel comunitario.

Conservation biologists often face the trade-off that increasing connectivity in fragmented landscapes to reduce extinction risk of native species can foster invasion by non-native species that enter via the corridors created, which can then increase extinction risk. This dilemma is acute for stream fishes, especially native salmonids, because their populations are frequently relegated to fragments of headwater habitat threatened by invasion from downstream by 3 cosmopolitan non-native salmonids. Managers often block these upstream invasions with movement barriers, but isolation of native salmonids in small headwater streams can increase the threat of local extinction. We propose a conceptual framework to address this worldwide problem that focuses on 4 main questions. First, are populations of conservation value present (considering evolutionary legacies, ecological functions, and socioeconomic benefits as distinct values)? Second, are populations vulnerable to invasion and displacement by non-native salmonids? Third, would these populations be threatened with local extinction if isolated with barriers? And, fourth, how should management be prioritized among multiple populations? We also developed a conceptual model of the joint trade-off of invasion and isolation threats that considers the opportunities for managers to make strategic decisions. We illustrated use of this framework in an analysis of the invasion-isolation trade-off for native cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarkii) in 2 contrasting basins in western North America where invasion and isolation are either present and strong or farther away and apparently weak. These cases demonstrate that decisions to install or remove barriers to conserve native salmonids are often complex and depend on conservation values, environmental context (which influences the threat of invasion and isolation), and additional socioeconomic factors. Explicit analysis with tools such as those we propose can help managers make sound decisions in such complex circumstances.

Lockdown involves social isolation that can have a negative impact at the psychological level, which is why several studies have analyzed the relationship between confinement and possible emotional disorders or alterations. This study aims to analyze the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pertaining to stressors that could appear during the confinement of college students, in addition to their evolution and the differential effects that contagion might cause to these symptoms. 270 students responded to a survey created specifically for this study. The survey was administered once a week during the last four weeks of confinement. The students' responses did not show evidence of PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, the low frequency and intensity of symptoms decreases as the weeks of confinement progress. Likewise, infected students show more symptoms than non-infected students, except in respect of the stressor Fear of contagion. The confinement experienced by our students has not been a source of stress. Although this may seem positive, it also promotes risky behaviors, so it should be considered important to carry out awareness campaigns in order to promote habits that help prevent the transmission of the virus.

To address high rates of social isolation and depression among female Mexican immigrants, we are testing (Spanish, conversational gatherings), an innovative peer support group intervention. Our anthropologically inspired theoretical architecture integrates gendered emplacement theory, women's funds of knowledge, and cultural and contextual situatedness. We used a community-driven, community-engaged research (CD-CEnR) design, involving 59 female Mexican immigrants who participated in weekly group meetings by Zoom. Data were gathered from survey and social network analysis (SNA), hair samples for cortisol testing at baseline and 12-months, and qualitative data from meeting notes, interviews, evaluation discussions, participant creative projects, and \"Ripple Effects Mapping (REM).\" As we describe, the Tertulias group meetings created a generative social environment that valued and incorporated participants' experience-based knowledge and enhanced social relationships, providing mechanisms for reducing social isolation and depression among participants.

El uso de materiales aislantes es el primer paso para reducir la energía requerida para mantener una buena temperatura en el interior de un edificio y alcanzar la eficiencia energética. El objetivo es diseñar materiales para aislamiento acústico y térmico baratos, biodegradables y reciclables como los basados en fibras naturales. En este trabajo se estudian las propiedades térmicas y acústicas de no tejidos basados en fibras de fique, de coco y de algodón reciclado a partir de tejido denim. Se proponen posibles usos para los materiales fabricados basados en las exigencias del Código Técnico.

Interspecific competition affects population dynamics, distributional ranges, and evolution of competing species. The competitive exclusion principle states that ecologically similar species cannot coexist unless they exhibit niche segregation. Herein, we assess whether niche segregation allows the coexistence of Crocidura russula and C. suaveolens in southwestern Iberia and whether segregation is the result of current (ecological effect) or past (evolutionary effect) competition. We performed an annual live-trapping cycle in the two main habitats of the Odiel Marshes Natural Reserve (OMNR), the tidal marsh and the Mediterranean forest, both in syntopic (i.e., where both species co-occur) and allotopic (where only one of the two species occurs) sites within this Reserve. We modeled the presence–absence of each species in both habitats and sites by generalized linear mixed models. The coexistence of both species was favored by spatial and temporal niche segregation. Crocidura suaveolens was restricted to tidal marsh and did not occupy Mediterranean forest, even when C. russula was absent. We interpret this to be the result of competition in the past triggering an evolutionary response in C. suaveolens towards its specialization in tidal marsh. Moreover, the specialist C. suaveolens currently is outcompeting C. russula in tidal marshes, reversing the dominance pattern observed elsewhere. The degree of co-occurrence between both species in syntopic sites was low, as they showed inverse dynamics of seasonal abundances. Interspecific competition leading to habitat specialization favors the coexistence of these ecologically similar species.

Dissolved gas chromatography (DGA) analysis and Megger DC insulation tests are performed to diagnose the condition of a power transformer. In this context, the objective of this study is to assess whether there is a relationship between both types of tests. To this effect, a database with DGA and Megger DC test protocols is analyzed, using the theory of variable correlation as well as current DGA techniques. The results allow stating that there is indeed a relationship between both tests under specific conditions. Therefore, the DC isolation status of a transformer can be estimated via DGA tests.

Athletic performance is a complex multifactorial phenomenon, therefore several variables should be considered to provide an accurate prediction of time in races. However, physiological variables have usually been used as the main predictors, ignoring the predictive potential of other factors such as psychological variables. The main aim of this study was to provide an equation for predicting performance at 10K, using both physiological and psychological factors as explanatory variables. 13 male runners participated in the study (weight 68.06 ± 18.73 kg; height 174.31 ± 5.39 cm; age 39.5 ± 8.5 years; 57.34 ± 5.03 ml - kg -min VO2MAX). A multiple regression model was established using a stepwise regression approach based on Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). After check possible collinearities, results showed as better predictors of the time at 10K event: VVO2MAX (β=-1.03), Arousal (β=0.17) and Isolation (β=0.19). The resulting regression showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98 and RMSE= 50.30 s. VVO2MAX was the best predictor of the 10K performance. However, psychological factors, such as Arousal and Isolation, explain the addition variance. A higher VVO2MAX, a lower Arousal and a higher Isolation might allow better athletic performance in the 10K race. El rendimiento en los eventos resistencia es un fenómeno multifactorial complejo, por lo que deben considerarse diversas variables para proporcionar una predicción precisa del tiempo en las carreras. Hasta la fecha se han utilizado las variables fisiológicas como principales predictores, ignorando el potencial predictivo de otros factores como las variables psicológicas. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue proporcionar una ecuación para predecir el rendimiento en 10K, utilizando tanto factores fisiológicos como psicológicos como variables explicativas. Participaron en el estudio 13 corredores varones (Peso 68,06 ± 18,73 kg; Altura 174,31 ± 5,39 cm; edad 39,5 ± 8,5 años; 57,34 ± 5,03 ml - kg -min VO2MAX). Se estableció un modelo de regresión múltiple utilizando un enfoque de regresión por pasos basado en mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Tras comprobar las posibles colinealidades, los resultados mostraron el VVO2MAX (β=-1,03), activación (β=0,17) y Aislamiento (β=0,19), como mejores predictores del tiempo en la prueba de 10K. La regresión resultante mostró un coeficiente de determinación (R2) de 0,98 y RMSE= 50,30 s. VVO2MAX fue el mejor predictor del rendimiento en 10K. Sin embargo, los factores psicológicos, como la activación y el aislamiento, explican la varianza adicional. Un mayor VVO2MAX, una menor activación y un mayor aislamiento podrían permitir un mejor rendimiento en la carrera de 10K.