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"ASEAN"
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The ASEAN Economic Community and ASEAN economic integration
ASEAN realized the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) at the end of 2015. The AEC is an economic integration whose goals are free movement of goods, services, investment, and skilled workers, and freer movement of capital. Following the establishment of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), ASEAN deepened its economic integration through the AEC. Evaluations of ASEAN's economic integration are mixed. While highly praised for its steady integration progress, there are also assessments suggesting there is little progress in integration. This study examines the AEC's economic integration and evaluates ASEAN economic integration, including the AFTA. The AEC is an \"FTA-plus\" economic integration, and its target and level of market integration are similar to those of the Economic Partnership Agreement. The AEC's greatest achievement is using tariff elimination to realize a free trade area with a high level of trade liberalization. Liberalizing trade in services, eliminating non-tariff barriers, and facilitating trade have been delayed and have become issues for AEC2025. AEC2025 aims to participate in the global value chain, and its measure is the attraction of foreign direct investment. Although ASEAN's economic integration has various issues, as a whole, it can be evaluated as successful because of its implementation of flexible liberalization over time. ASEAN's economic integration is a successful example of economic integration by developing countries; other developing countries can learn lessons from ASEAN's experiences.
Journal Article
ASEAN Business in Crisis
This book outlines the events leading up to and during the Financial Crisis of 1997 and assesses the responses of the financial contagion.
eBook
The foundation of the ASEAN economic community : an institutional and legal profile
\"ASEAN has undertaken the complex task of creating a single economic entity for Southeast Asia by 2015 in the form of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), but without regulators or supranational institutions, its implementation has been an inconsistent process. Through comparisons with the EU and NAFTA, this book illustrates the shortcomings of the current system, enabling readers to understand both the potential of regional economic development in ASEAN and its foundational and institutional deficiencies. The authors' analysis of trade in goods and services, investment, and dispute resolution in the AEC indicates that without strong regional institutions, strong dispute resolution or a set of norms, full and effective implementation of the AEC is unlikely to result. The book offers clear solutions for the ASEAN institutions to help the AEC reach its full potential. Written by two leading practitioners, this insightful book will interest policymakers, students and researchers\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Impacts of Air Pollution on Health and Economy in Southeast Asia
The accessibility of cheap fossil fuels, due to large government subsidies, promotes the accelerated gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth in Southeast Asia. However, the ambient air pollution from fossil fuel combustion has a latent cost, which is the public health issues such as respiratory diseases, lung cancer, labor loss, and economic burden in the long-run. In Southeast Asia, lung cancer is the leading and second leading cause of cancer-related death in men, and women, respectively. This nexus study employs the panel vector error correction model (VECM) and panel generalized method of moments (GMM) using data from ten Southeast Asian countries from the period (2000–2016) to explore the possible association between emissions, lung cancer, and the economy. The results confirm that CO2 and PM2.5 are major risk factors for lung cancer in the region. Additionally, the increasing use of renewable energy and higher healthcare expenditure per capita tend to reduce the lung cancer prevalence. Governments specially in low oil price era, have to transfer subsidies from fossil fuels to renewable energy to create a healthy environment. Furthermore, cost creation for fossil fuel consumption through carbon taxation, especially in the power generation sector, is important to induce private sector investment in green energy projects.
Journal Article
The ASEAN comprehensive investment agreement : the regionalisation of laws and policy on foreign investment
The International Investment regime is one of the fastest growing areas of international economic law which increasingly rely on large membership investment treaties such as the ASEAN comprehensive Investment Agreement. This book comprehensively examines the role of this specific agreement and situates it in the wider trend towards the regionalisation of laws and policy on foreign investment.
Book
The effect of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) on firm performance: the moderating role of country regulatory quality and government effectiveness in ASEAN
The research examines how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance influences firm performance in the ASEAN region, focusing on how country regulatory quality and government effectiveness affect this relationship. The study uses a comprehensive dataset and finds that environmental and social performances do not directly impact firm performance significantly. However, governance performance has a notably positive effect on firm performance, highlighting the importance of sound governance practices. The study also identifies that the connections between environmental and social performance and firm performance are notably affected by country regulatory quality and government effectiveness. This suggests that the benefits of environmental and social initiatives on firm performance depend on the regulatory and governance environments in which firms operate. Similarly, the link between governance performance and firm performance is also influenced by these factors. These findings underscore the essential role of supportive regulatory structures and effective government practices in enhancing the positive effects of ESG initiatives on firm performance. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of ESG impacts within the ASEAN context and emphasizes the need to integrate ESG efforts with broader institutional support to achieve optimal firm performance.
Journal Article