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研究者基於個人核心關懷及影像培力教學的反思，參與一項東南亞移工 拍片教學行動，嘗試透過結合批判教育學、多元文化教育與女性主義理論的交融教育學（engaged pedagogy）理念，教導移工透過拍攝自我敘事紀錄片跨越邊界。本研究以「師生互為主體」為教學核心精神，藉由提問式對話教學方法聆聽移工學習者的生命經歷與故事，採個案研究法蒐集資料，據以探究學習支持者與學習者之間如何共構具非主流意識與觀點的影片，參與對象為1位因特殊際遇而收容於安置中心之印尼籍女移工。研究結論如下，第一，教學過程透過「持續且重複」的提問式對話，能夠激發批判反思意識較為不足之學習者的自我覺察與思考力，提升其自我敘事能力，深化對話內容與影音文本的意涵，啟發其展現非主流觀點。第二，互為主體的師生互動建立在開放、平等與自由的對話情境之下，看見彼此的存有（being），學習社群成員相互參照，有助提升理解力與想像力，並對移工生命故事產生共感。第三，影像製作的鏡像觀看方式，幫助不同主體在「差異」視框下的主客觀感受與認知相互碰撞，共同協商與調節影音文本，形構趨近於「視域融合」的視野與觀點。綜言之，互為主體師生關係下的充分對話，移工個人處境被看見與理解，共同書寫的文本自然地具備自我省察意識與社會對話意涵，適用於跨越邊界的教育學實踐。 The researcher, motivated by personal core concerns and reflections on visual empowerment teaching, participated in a Southeast Asian migrant worker filmmaking teaching project. This project attempted to cross boundaries through self-narrative documentary filming, employing engaged pedagogy theory that integrate critical pedagogy, multicultural education, and feminist theory. The study focuses on the “inter-subjective teacherstudent relationship” as its core teaching philosophy. Using a “problemposing dialogue” teaching method, the instructor listens to the life experiences and stories of migrant worker learners. The research employs a case study approach to collect data, exploring how learning supporters and the learner co-construct videos with non-mainstream consciousness and viewpoints. The participant is an Indonesian female migrant worker sheltered in a resettlement center due to special circumstances. The research conclusions are as follows: First, the teaching process, through continuous and repeated “problem-posing dialogue”, can stimulate self-awareness and critical thinking in learners who lack critical reflection, enhancing their selfnarrative ability, deepening the meaning of dialogue content and the film texts, and inspiring them to express non-mainstream viewpoints. Second, the inter-subjective teacher-student interactions, established in an open, equal, and free dialogue environment, allows for the recognition of each other’s being and value. The learning community members refer to each other, enhancing understanding and imagination, and empathizing with the migrant worker’s life stories. Third, the way of seeing through mirroring approach in video production facilitates the convergence and mutual negotiation of subjective and objective perceptions and cognitions of different subjects under the framework of “difference,” shaping a perspective and viewpoint approaching “fusion of horizons”. In summary, the sufficient dialogue under the circumstance of the inter-subjective teacher-student relationship, allowing the personal situations of migrant workers to be seen and understood. The co-written texts naturally possess self-reflective consciousness and social dialogue implications, suitable for educational practices that cross borders.

The researcher, motivated by personal core concerns and reflections on visual empowerment teaching, participated in a Southeast Asian migrant worker filmmaking teaching project. This project attempted to cross boundaries through self-narrative documentary filming, employing engaged pedagogy theory that integrate critical pedagogy, multicultural education, and feminist theory. The study focuses on the “inter-subjective teacher-student relationship” as its core teaching philosophy. Using a “problem-posing dialogue” teaching method, the instructor listens to the life experiences and stories of migrant worker learners. The research employs a case study approach to collect data, exploring how learning supporters and the learner co-construct videos with non-mainstream consciousness and viewpoints. The participant is an Indonesian female migrant worker sheltered in a resettlement center due to special circumstances. The research conclusions are as follows: First, the teaching process, through continuous and repeated

Migrant Asian massage workers in North America first experienced the impacts of COVID-19 in the final weeks of January 2020, when business dropped drastically due to widespread xenophobic fears that the virus was concentrated in Chinese diasporic communities. The sustained economic devastation, which began at least 8 weeks prior to the first social distancing and shelter in place orders issued in the U.S. and Canada, has been further complicated by a history of aggressive policing of migrant massage workers in the wake of the war against human trafficking. Migrant Asian massage businesses are increasingly policed as locales of potential illicit sex work and human trafficking, as police and anti-trafficking initiatives target migrant Asian massage workers despite the fact that most do not provide sexual services. The scapegoating of migrant Asian massage workers and criminalization of sex work have led to devastating systemic and interpersonal violence, including numerous deportations, arrests, and deaths, most notably the recent murder of eight people at three Atlanta-based spas. The policing of sex workers has historically been mobilized along fears of sexually transmitted disease and infection, and more recently, within the past two decades, around a moral panic against sex trafficking. New racial anxieties around the coronavirus as an Asian disease have been mobilized by the state to further cement the justification of policing Asian migrant workers along the axes of health, migration, and sexual labor. These justifications also solidify discriminatory social welfare regimes that exclude Asian migrant massage workers from accessing services on the basis of the informality and illegality of their work mixed with their precarious citizenship status. This paper draws from ethnographic participant observation and survey data collected by two sex worker organizations that work primarily with massage workers in Toronto and New York City to examine the double-edged sword of policing during the pandemic in the name of anti-trafficking coupled with exclusionary policies regarding emergency relief and social welfare, and its effects on migrant Asian massage workers in North America. Although not all migrant Asian massage workers, including those surveyed in this paper, provide sexual services, they are conflated, targeted, and treated as such by the state and therefore face similar barriers of criminalization, discrimination, and exclusion. This paper recognizes that most migrant Asian massage workers do not identify as sex workers and does not intend to label them as such or reproduce the scapegoating rhetoric used by law enforcement. Rather, it seeks to analyze how exclusionary attitudes and policies towards sex workers are transferred onto migrant Asian massage workers as well whether or not they provide sexual services.

There are more than 215 million international migrants in the world. Recorded remittances received by developing countries, estimated to be US$325 billion in 2010, far exceed the volume of official aid flows and constitute more than 10 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in many developing countries. Migration and remittances factbook 2011 provides a comprehensive picture of emigration, skilled emigration, immigration, and remittance flows for 210 countries and 15 country groups, drawing on authoritative, publicly available data. The current edition of the factbook updates the information in the popular 2008 edition with additional data for 71 countries collected from various sources, including national censuses, labor force surveys, population registers, and other national sources. In addition, it provides selected socioeconomic characteristics such as population, labor force, age dependency ratio, gross national income (GNI) per capita, and poverty headcount for each country and regional grouping. More frequent and timely monitoring of migration and remittance trends can provide policy makers, researchers, and the development community with the tools to make informed decisions. The factbook makes an important contribution to this effort by providing the latest available data and facts on migration and remittance trends worldwide in a comprehensive and readily accessible format.

Redefining Multicultural Families in South Korea  provides an in-depth look at the lives of families in Korea that include immigrants. Ten original chapters in this volume, written by scholars in multiple social science disciplines and covering different methodological approaches, aim to reinvigorate contemporary discussions about these multicultural families. Specially, the volume expands the scope of “multicultural families” by examining the diverse configurations of families with immigrants who crossed the Korean border during and after the 1990s, such as the families of undocumented migrant workers, divorced marriage immigrants, and the families of Korean women with Muslim immigrant husbands. Second, instead of looking at immigrants as newcomers, the volume takes a discursive turn, viewing them as settlers or first-generation immigrants in Korea whose post-migration lives have evolved and whose membership in Korean society has matured, by examining immigrants’ identities, need for political representation, their fights through the court system, and the aspirations of second-generation immigrants.

Based on insights from Filipina experiences of domestic work in Paris and Hong Kong, this volume breaks through the polarized thinking and migration-centric policy action on the protection of migrant women domestic workers from abuse to link migrants' rights and victimization with livelihood, migration and development. The book contextualizes agency and rights in the workers' capability to secure a livelihood in the global political economy and is instrumental in making the problem of migrant women workers' empowerment both a migration and development agenda. The volume is essential reading for social scientists, bureaucrats and non-governmental political activists interested in the protection of the rights and livelihoods of migrants. It will also appeal to migration and feminist scholars who have yet to adopt the contribution of critical development studies in the analysis of low-skilled female labour migration.

How do parents and children care for each other when they are separated because of migration? The way in which transnational families maintain long-distance relationships has been revolutionised by the emergence of new media such as email, instant messaging, social networking sites, webcam and texting. A migrant mother can now call and text her left-behind children several times a day, peruse social networking sites and leave the webcam for 12 hours achieving a sense of co-presence. Drawing on a long-term ethnographic study of prolonged separation between migrant mothers and their children who remain in the Philippines, this book develops groundbreaking theory for understanding both new media and the nature of mediated relationships. It brings together the perspectives of both the mothers and children and shows how the very nature of family relationships is changing. New media, understood as an emerging environment of polymedia, have become integral to the way family relationships are enacted and experienced. The theory of polymedia extends beyond the poignant case study and is developed as a major contribution for understanding the interconnections between digital media and interpersonal relationships. \"[A] compelling read about the ‘connected transnational family’ … The most compelling aspect of this book, this reader would argue, is its simultaneous engagement with a broad range of entangled issues. It convincingly puts mothers/children, migration/communication, mediation/relationship, past/present/future as well as theory/research practice into close encounter throughout.\" - Nicole Shephard, LSE Review of Books \"Mirca Madianou and Daniel Miller seem to have formed a dream team when they embarked on their mutual research project on transnational families and the role of ICTs ... In my view, the book succeeds in what many authors fruitlessly pursue: deriving convincing theory from an abundance of vast qualitative data. It is a highly engaging book that is rich in detail without drowning the reader in it. Its empirical and theoretical innovations make it a highly recommended book for any scholar working on media and migration, long-distance communication and the increasingly complex media environments that enfold us.\" - Kevin Smets, Communications \"An exemplary and groundbreaking study, with contributions to theory and our understanding of polymedia in everyday life, this stands out as an extraordinary read on the technology of relationships.\" - Zizi Papacharissi, University of Illinois-Chicago, USA \"This fascinating, richly detailed book investigates the role that fluency across multiple digital platforms plays in enabling mothering and caring to be sustained at a distance. A genuine breakthrough.\" - Nick Couldry , Goldmiths, University of London, UK \"With deft weaving of interview material and theorization...Mirca Madianou and Daniel Miller have produced an important and useful theoretical intervention that advances our understanding of the social life of transnational communities.\" - Radha S. Hegde, Media, Culture, & Society Mirca Madianou is Senior Lecturer in Media and Communication at the University of Leicester, UK. She is the author of Mediating the Nation and several articles on the social consequences of the media. Daniel Miller is Professor of Material Culture at the Department of Anthropology, University College London, UK. His most recent books include Tales from Facebook and Digital Anthropology (edited with Heather Horst). 1. Introduction 2. Philippines at the Forefront of Globalisation 3. The Hidden Motivations of Migration 4. Crafting Love: Letters and Cassettes 5. The Cultural Contradictions of Transnational Motherhood: The Mothers’ Perspective 6. The Children’s Perspective 7. Technologies of Relationships 8. Polymedia 9. A Theory of Mediated Relationships 10. Appendix: A Note on Method

In exploring an array of intimacies between global migrants Nayan Shah illuminates a stunning, transient world of heterogeneous social relations—dignified, collaborative, and illicit. At the same time he demonstrates how the United States and Canada, in collusion with each other, actively sought to exclude and dispossess nonwhite races. Stranger Intimacy reveals the intersections between capitalism, the state's treatment of immigrants, sexual citizenship, and racism in the first half of the twentieth century.

Hong Kong is a meeting place for migrant domestic workers, traders, refugees, asylum seekers, tourists, businessmen, and local residents. In Born Out of Place, Nicole Constable looks at the experiences of Indonesian and Filipina women in this Asian world city. Giving voice to the stories of these migrant mothers, their South Asian, African, Chinese, and Western expatriate partners, and their Hong Kong–born babies, Constable raises a serious question: Do we regard migrants as people, or just as temporary workers? This accessible ethnography provides insight into global problems of mobility, family, and citizenship and points to the consequences, creative responses, melodramas, and tragedies of labor and migration policies.

In the early 1900s, workers from new U.S. colonies in the Philippines and Puerto Rico held unusual legal status. Denied citizenship, they nonetheless had the right to move freely in and out of U.S. jurisdiction. As a result, Filipinos and Puerto Ricans could seek jobs in the United States and its territories despite the anti-immigration policies in place at the time. JoAnna Poblete's Islanders in the Empire: Filipino and Puerto Rican Laborers in Hawai'i takes an in-depth look at how the two groups fared in a third new colony, Hawai'i. Using plantation documents, missionary records, government documents, and oral histories, Poblete analyzes how the workers interacted with Hawaiian government structures and businesses, how U.S. policies for colonial workers differed from those for citizens or foreigners, and how policies aided corporate and imperial interests. A rare tandem study of two groups at work on foreign soil, Islanders in the Empire offers a new perspective on American imperialism and labor issues of the era.