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"ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY"
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Physical activity and physical fitness assessments in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with cancer: a scoping review
Purpose
This scoping review describes the assessment methodologies for physical activity (PA) and physical fitness assessments used in studies focusing on adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library following the PRISMA-ScR statement. A total of 34 studies were included in this review.
Results
PA was primarily assessed via self-reported questionnaires (30/34) either completed in-person (
n
= 17) or online (
n
= 13) at different time points and different stages along the cancer trajectory (i.e., from diagnosis onward). A total of 9 studies conducted a physical fitness assessment.
Conclusions
PA and physical fitness measurements are key when trying to describe outcomes, assess for associations, track changes, measure intervention adherence, and test intervention efficacy and effectiveness. Considerable heterogeneity across studies was reported limiting the generation of formal recommendations or guidance for researchers, healthcare providers, and policy makers.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Potential of existing online 24-h dietary recall tools for national dietary surveys
To describe existing online, 24-h dietary recall (24-h DR) tools in terms of functionalities and ability to tackle challenges encountered during national dietary surveys, such as maximising response rates and collecting high-quality data from a representative sample of the population, while minimising the cost and response burden.
A search (from 2000 to 2019) was conducted in peer-reviewed and grey literature. For each tool, information on functionalities, validation and user usability studies, and potential adaptability for integration into a new context was collected.
Not country-specific.
General population.
Eighteen online 24-h DR tools were identified. Most were developed in Europe, for children ≥10 years old and/or for adults. Eight followed the five multiple-pass steps but used various methodologies and features. Almost all tools (except three) validated their nutrient intake estimates, but with high heterogeneity in methodologies. User usability was not always assessed, and rarely by applying real-time methods. For researchers, eight tools developed a web platform to manage the survey and five appeared to be easily adaptable to a new context.
Among the eighteen online 24-h DR tools identified, the best candidates to be used in national dietary surveys should be those that were validated for their intake estimates, had confirmed user and researcher usability, and seemed sufficiently flexible to be adapted to new contexts. Regardless of the tool, adaptation to another context will still require time and funding, and this is probably the most challenging step.
Journal Article
An Interdisciplinary Methodology for the Characterization and Visualization of the Heritage of Roadway Corridors
Roads, particularly since the advent of motorized traffic, have hugely impacted contemporary landscapes. Although their significance was noted in the 1980s, specific roadway-heritage studies are scarce. Research in different disciplines has identified certain features of roads, but an integrated approach to roadway heritage or a consensus on what this constitutes are lacking. This article proposes an interdisciplinary methodology to assess roadway heritage. Roadways are interpreted within the framework of semantic openness that currently characterizes heritage studies, territory being the basic element of interpretation. Rather than a fragmented approach to conservation, the research defines integrated heritage configurations where natural, cultural, and historical features combine to produce a cohesive form of heritage. (Geographical information systems) technology is used with an online database to assess the complexity of roadway heritage. (Information and communications technology) strategies to raise public awareness are outlined. The methodology is applied to assess the historical N-340 Mediterranean roadway corridor in Spain.
Journal Article
Kvantitativna procjena perifernog propuštanja maski za lice
Periferno propuštanje zraka utječe na ulogu maske za lice da štiti nositelja maske od izloženosti zračnim zagađenjima. Propuštanje nastaje kad zrak prolazi izvan materijala filtra i ulazi u masku ili iz maske na mjestima između maske i lica. Nositelj maske stvara negativan pritisak unutar maske pri udisanju i pozitivan pritisak pri izdisanju. Te razlike pritiska uvlače ili tjeraju zrak van iz maske te tako smanjuju njezinu učinkovitost. Osmišljena je zračna komora kojom se jednostavnije procjenjuje prolazak zraka izvan maske. Promjene pritiska i protoka zraka bilježe su pomoću diferencijalnog manometra i digitalnog termoanemometra. Razlike protoka zraka pod maskom i protoka zraka pri otvorenoj konfiguraciji (kontrola) utvrdile su deficit u protoku zraka koji uzrokuje periferno propuštanje zraka. Testirane su četiri različite maske i to kirurška maska, covid maska, pamučna maska i N95 maska. Rezultati su dokazali sličnosti između sva četiri tipa maski. Kirurška maska pokazala je propuštanje od 50 %, covid maska 67 %, a pamučna maska 63 %. N95 maska, pak, pokazala je da je propuštanje 72 %. Rezultate ove studije potvrđuju prethodne studije koje također svjedoče o visokoj razini perifernog propuštanja zraka kod svih maski trenutno u uporabi. Metoda procjene opisana u ovoj studiji nudi novu i jednostavnu metodu za utvrđivanje propuštanja.
Conference Proceeding
Risk and Uncertainty in the Art World
This edited book offers the first complete overview of risk in the art market by bringing together contributions from a wide range of international thought-leaders on the topic - both practitioners and leading scholars who investigate the specific types of uncertainty that exist in the art market as well as the dominant models used to manage.
eBook
Research on No-baseline Effect Assessment Method based on Virtual Power Plant Response
A virtual power plant (VPP) aggregates various dispersed resources in the distribution network into a unified whole, enhancing the global responsiveness of the aggregated resources. Additionally, it can participate in power market transactions as a whole, improving the dispatchability of resources and operational economy. In this paper, we develop an evaluation model for VPP responsiveness that leverages the absolute response volume of the VPP. Four key indicators are introduced—response volume, response accuracy, load tracking, and power stability—to provide a comprehensive assessment of the system’s performance. Building upon these indicators, we propose an overall responsiveness evaluation method and employ an entropy-weighting approach to calculate a final responsiveness score. Finally, through a 24-hour case study, we derive the VPP’s response capability curve and corresponding scores.
Journal Article
The smart SME technology readiness assessment methodology in the context of industry 4.0
PurposeThis study proposes the Smart SME Technology Readiness Assessment (SSTRA) methodology which aims to enable practitioners to assess the SMEs Industry 4.0 technology readiness throughout the end-to-end engineering across the entire value chain; the smart product design phase is the focus in this paper.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed SSTRA utilises the analytic hierarchy process to prioritise smart SME requirements, a graphical interface which tracks technologies' benchmarks under Industry 4.0 Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs); a mathematical model used to determine the technology readiness and visual representation to understand the relative readiness of each smart main area. The validity of the SSTRA is confirmed by testing it in a real industrial environment. In addition, the conceptual model for Smart product design development is proposed and validated.FindingsThe proposed SSTRA offers decision-makers the facility to identify requirements and rank them to reflect the current priorities of the enterprise. It allows SMEs to assess their current capabilities in a range of technologies of high relevance to the Industry 4.0 area. The SSTRA assembles a readiness profile allowing decision-makers to not only perceive the overall score of technology readiness but also the distribution of technology readiness across the main smart areas. It helps to visualise strengths and weaknesses; whilst emphasising the fundamental gaps that require serious action to assist the program with a well-balanced effort towards a successful transition to Industry 4.0.Originality/valueThe SSTRA provides a step-by-step approach for decision-making based on data collection, analysis, visualisation and documentation. Hence, it greatly mitigates the risk of further Industry 4.0 technology investment and implementation.
Journal Article
The Methods for Assessing the Impact of International Assistance on the Resilience of Ukrainian Enterprises During Wartime
The aim of the research is to develop and test an integrated methodology for assessing the impact of international aid on the resilience of Ukrainian enterprises during the wartime, which combines quantitative and qualitative approaches, takes into account the specifics of external risks, and allows for an objective determination of the effectiveness of support from international donors in order to formulate practical recommendations for enhancing the economic resilience of businesses under martial law. The article examines contemporary approaches to evaluating the impact of international aid on the resilience of Ukrainian enterprises during the wartime. It is noted that the resilience of an enterprise under martial law is a complex characteristic that includes the ability to maintain core activities, adapt to changes in the external environment, support financial stability, ensure employment, foster innovation, and attract investments. International assistance provided in the form of financial grants, concessional loans, technical support, and educational programs plays a key role in enhancing the resilience of businesses in Ukraine. However, traditional methods of evaluating the effectiveness of such assistance do not take into account the specifics of wartime conditions, which necessitates the development of an adapted analysis model. This paper proposes an integrated methodology called RAISE (Resilience Assessment of International Support Effects), which combines quantitative analysis (resilience index, KPIs), qualitative evaluations (surveys, case studies), and adjustments for external factors (security, macroeconomic risks). The application of the RAISE methodology is illustrated through the example of the company «AgroPlus» LLC to determine the actual impact of international assistance. The research results confirm that the use of a comprehensive model allows for an objective assessment of support effectiveness, identifying the most effective tools, and formulating recommendations for donors, the government, and businesses. The practical value of the methodology lies in its applicability for assessing both individual enterprises and entire sectors of the economy, which is especially relevant for Ukraine in the context of wartime instability.
Journal Article