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"Acculturation -- Hawaii"
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Paradise of the Pacific : approaching Hawai°i
\"The dramatic history of America's tropical paradise. The history of Hawaii may be said to be the story of arrivals--from the eruption of volcanoes on the ocean floor 18,000 feet below, the first hardy seeds that over millennia found their way to the islands, and the confused birds blown from their migratory routes, to the early Polynesian adventurers who sailed across the Pacific in double canoes, the Spanish galleons en route to the Philippines, and the British navigators in search of a Northwest Passage, soon followed by pious Protestant missionaries, shipwrecked sailors, and rowdy Irish poachers escaped from Botany Bay--all wanderers washed ashore, sometimes by accident. This is true of many cultures, but in Hawaii, no one seems to have left. And in Hawaii, a set of myths accompanied each of these migrants--legends that shape our understanding of this mysterious place. In Paradise of the Pacific, Susanna Moore, the award-winning author of In the Cut and The Life of Objects, pieces together the elusive, dramatic story of late-eighteenth-century Hawaii--its kings and queens, gods and goddesses, missionaries, migrants, and explorers--a not-so-distant time of abrupt transition, in which an isolated pagan world of human sacrifice and strict taboo, without a currency or a written language, was confronted with the equally ritualized world of capitalism, Western education, and Christian values\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Historical metaphors and mythical realities
Hawaiian culture as it met foreign traders and settlers is the context for Sahlins's structuralist methodology of historical interpretation
eBook
Acculturation and Health Status in the Children’s Healthy Living Program in the Pacific Region
Acculturation/enculturation has been found to impact childhood health and obesity status. The objective of this study is to use cross-sectional data to examine the association between proxies of adult/caregiver acculturation/enculturation and child health status (Body Mass Index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and acanthosis nigricans [AN]) in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI), Alaska, and Hawaiʻi. Study participants were from the Children’s Healthy Living (CHL) Program, an environmental intervention trial and obesity prevalence survey. Anthropometric data from 2–8 year olds and parent/caregiver questionnaires were used in this analysis. The results of this study (n = 4121) saw that those parents/caregivers who identified as traditional had children who were protected against overweight/obesity (OWOB) status and WC > 75th percentile (compared to the integrated culture identity) when adjusted for significant variables from the descriptive analysis. AN did not have a significant association with cultural classification. Future interventions in the USAPI, Alaska, and Hawaiʻi may want to focus efforts on parents/caregivers who associated with an integrated cultural group as an opportunity to improve health and reduce child OWOB prevalence.
Journal Article
Acculturation and Cancer Risk Behaviors among Pacific Islanders in Hawaii
Background: To communicate research to the public, the National Cancer Institute developed the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). However, as with most national health surveillance, including the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, HINTS data are not sufficient to address unique demographic subpopulations such as US Pacific Islanders (PIs). National sampling methods do not adequately reach participants from small, medically underserved populations.Aim: This study aims to document the cancer-relevant knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and information-seeking practices of PIs in Hawaii (HI).Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey during 2017-2018 of Native Hawaiians, Chuukese, and Marshallese in HI using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) to recruit these geographically diffuse groups. The modified HINTS survey included questions about cancer knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, health communications, and cultural practices.Results: A total of 515 Native Hawaiians, 305 Chuukese, and 180 Marshallese completed the survey. Differences were found across a variety of cancer-related attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors. These groups also differed regarding acculturation, health locus of control, and trust in medical professionals. Native Hawaiians were significantly more acculturated (P=.0001) than Chuukese or Marshallese and more likely to smoke cigarettes (P=.0001). Among participants aged >50 years, we found no significant differences across ethnic groups (P=.30) for those completing a colon cancer screening (37%). However, only 27% were referred to screening by a physician.Conclusions: Cancer prevention programs are greatly needed for PIs in HI. This study provides knowledge concerning the efficiency of RDS to recruit participants, and the role of culture in communications influencing cancer risk behaviors, which may be generalizable to migrant PIs in the United States. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(4):593- 602; doi:10.18865/ed.30.4.593
Journal Article
Identifying Urban Immigrant Food-Cultivation Practices for Culturally-Tailored Garden-Based Nutrition Programs
Garden-based nutrition programs are used to address food access and nutrition in low-income communities. In urban immigrant communities, food-growing practices may be shaped by environmental and cultural factors, and may not reflect the assumptions behind these curricula. Built-environment research was adapted to develop a protocol for assessing a community’s gardening practices. A random sample of census blocks was generated and mapped, observational protocols developed, iteratively tested and refined, then fieldworkers trained and deployed. Daily debriefings were conducted to identify challenges in field implementation. Nearly all (93%) sampled blocks contained evidence of food cultivation. Garden structures, land-use patterns, and plant choices reflected cultural preferences, differing substantively from USDA home gardening curricula. This tool successfully identified food-growing practices within an urban immigrant Asian and Pacific Islander community, and provides a replicable methodology for community assessment. Results support the need to culturally-tailor garden-based nutrition programs for urban immigrant populations.
Journal Article
Association Between Acculturation Modes and Type 2 Diabetes Among Native Hawaiians
OBJECTIVE:--To examine the association between acculturation modes (integrated, assimilated, traditional, and marginalized) and type 2 diabetes prevalence in Native Hawaiians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 495 Native Hawaiians, including acculturation modes, diabetes status, triglycerides, fasting insulin, BMI, age, and education level. Acculturation modes were assessed using an eight-item cultural affiliation questionnaire. RESULTS:--Native Hawaiians in a traditional mode of acculturation were more likely to have type 2 diabetes (27.9%) than those in integrated (15.4%), assimilated (12.5%), or marginalized (10.5%) modes. CONCLUSIONS:--The higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Native Hawaiians in a traditional mode of acculturation could not be attributed to any of the sociodemographic or biological factors included in this study. We discuss the role of psychosocial factors as possible mediators in the relationship between acculturation modes and type 2 diabetes.
Journal Article
Does Cultural Assimilation Influence Prevalence and Presentation of Depressive Symptoms in Older Japanese American Men? The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
Sociocultural factors have been implicated in affecting prevalence, incidence, and diagnosis of depression but previous studies have included heterogeneous ethnic populations. We studied the influence of cultural assimilation on the prevalence and presentation of depressive symptoms in elderly Japanese American men.
This analysis was based on 3,139 Japanese American men aged 71–93 years who were participants in the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study between 1991 and 1993. We created a Cultural Assimilation Scale (CAS) using 8 questions assessing the degree of Japanese identity and lifestyle compared to a Western one. Subjects were divided into tertiles of CAS score for analysis. Prevalence of depressive symptoms was measured using an 11-question version of the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale questionnaire, and presence of depressive symptoms was defined as score 9 or more.
Prevalent depressive symptoms did not reach a statistically significant association with CAS tertiles (Western, 10.8%; Mixed, 9.6%; and Japanese, 8.5%). However after adjusting for demographic, functional, and disease factors, the most culturally Japanese group had significantly lower odds for prevalent depressive symptoms, compared to the most Western group. Among the subset of subjects with a high-Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-11 score, there were no significant differences in both mean psychological scores and mean somatic scores between the three CAS groups.
Prevalent depressive symptoms were significantly lower among elderly Japanese American men who were most culturally Japanese, compared to more westernized men. Improving knowledge and understanding about the pathogenesis of depression will have important public health implications.
Journal Article
Social Support as a Buffer for Perceived Unfair Treatment Among Filipino Americans: Differences Between San Francisco and Honolulu
Objectives. We examined whether perceived unfair treatment is associated with health conditions, whether social support moderates this association, and whether such relationships differ by location. Methods. Data were derived from the 1998–1999 Filipino American Community Epidemiological Study, a cross-sectional investigation of 2241 Filipino Americans living in San Francisco and Honolulu. Negative binomial regression was used to examine potential 2-way and 3-way interactions between support, unfair treatment, and city (San Francisco vs Honolulu). Results. Reports of unfair treatment were associated with increased illness after control for education, employment, acculturation, ethnic identity, negative life events, gender, and age. Furthermore, 2-way interactions were found between instrumental support and city, emotional support and city, and unfair treatment and city, and a 3-way interaction was shown between instrumental support, unfair treatment, and city. Conclusions. Local contexts may influence the types of treatment encountered by members of ethnic minority groups, as well as their resources. These factors in turn may have implications for health disparities and well-being
Journal Article
Immigrant Memoirs in the Service of Americanization: Between “the Melting Pot” and Cultural Pluralism
This article analyzes four immigrant memoirs – Mary Antin's The Promised Land (1912); Jacob Cash's What America Means to Me (1925); Constantine Panunzio's The Soul of an Immigrant (1922), and M. E. Ravage's An American in the Making (1917) – in the light of their contribution to the nationwide debate over immigration that took place against the background of heightened antagonism towards the immigrant community at the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States. It argues that these life narratives represent diverse perspectives on the Americanization process: two of them – Cash's and Antin's – seem to endorse the assimilationist point of view, while the other two – Panunzio's and Ravage's – lean more towards arguments voiced by cultural pluralists. All four texts try to refute restrictionists' claims based on pseudo-scientific racial theories. This article also suggests a way of classifying autobiographies authored by European immigrants at the turn of the twentieth century.
Journal Article
The color of success
The Color of Successtells of the astonishing transformation of Asians in the United States from the \"yellow peril\" to \"model minorities\"--peoples distinct from the white majority but lauded as well-assimilated, upwardly mobile, and exemplars of traditional family values--in the middle decades of the twentieth century. As Ellen Wu shows, liberals argued for the acceptance of these immigrant communities into the national fold, charging that the failure of America to live in accordance with its democratic ideals endangered the country's aspirations to world leadership.
Weaving together myriad perspectives, Wu provides an unprecedented view of racial reform and the contradictions of national belonging in the civil rights era. She highlights the contests for power and authority within Japanese and Chinese America alongside the designs of those external to these populations, including government officials, social scientists, journalists, and others. And she demonstrates that the invention of the model minority took place in multiple arenas, such as battles over zoot suiters leaving wartime internment camps, the juvenile delinquency panic of the 1950s, Hawaii statehood, and the African American freedom movement. Together, these illuminate the impact of foreign relations on the domestic racial order and how the nation accepted Asians as legitimate citizens while continuing to perceive them as indelible outsiders.
By charting the emergence of the model minority stereotype,The Color of Successreveals that this far-reaching, politically charged process continues to have profound implications for how Americans understand race, opportunity, and nationhood.
eBook