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AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate changes in hospital financial performance and patient quality of care after real estate is leased back to a real estate investment trust (REIT) acquired hospital.DesignQuasi-experimental difference-in-differences study.SettingHospital Medicare cost reports, 100% Medicare hospital claims from 2002 to 2021.Participants87 REIT acquired hospitals and 337 non-REIT acquired matched controls.Main outcome measuresChanges in hospital financial performance (fixed assets, fixed assets (buildings), net patient revenue, operating expenses, full time equivalent (FTE) nurses, employees on payroll (FTE), net income, total margin, operating margin, current ratio (current assets/current liabilities), days cash on hand, bankruptcy, and closure) and quality of care (risk adjusted 30 day mortality and readmission rates for acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia, as well as patient satisfaction). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio of hospital closure or bankruptcy, and a Holm-Bonferroni method was used to control family-wise error rate and determine statistical significance.ResultsCompared with matched controls, REIT acquired hospitals showed a significant decrease in yearly total fixed assets (−31.01%, 95% CI −44.75% to −13.86%; P=0.001) and in fixed assets specific to buildings (−40.81%, −55.53% to −21.23%; P<0.001). All other relative changes in financial and quality measures were non-significant, with the exception of hospital closures or bankruptcy. A significant adjusted hazard ratio was observed for closure or bankruptcy (5.66, 95% CI 2.92 to 10.98; P<0.001). 25% of REIT acquired hospitals closed or filed for bankruptcy compared with 4% of controls.ConclusionsREIT acquisitions were not associated with changes in most financial or quality of care measures. REIT acquired hospitals were, however, at greater risk of closure and bankruptcy. These findings highlight the need for regulatory oversight of REIT acquisitions of hospitals.

Given the growing importance of environmental protection in China, this study investigated the determinants of the financial reporting quality of environmental, social and governance (ESG) firms listed in China. The quality of financial reporting shows how informative the accounting numbers are for decision-making. Because business outlook can influence financial reporting quality, this study examined predictable, moderately predictable and unpredictable business outlooks. The study randomly selected 100 firms from the 2021 China ESG Top 500 Outstanding Enterprises published by the Sina Finance ESG Rating Centre and then analysed those firms in 2018, 2019 and 2020. It investigated determinants (financial health, governance and earnings management), controlling for the influence of known variables (firm age and firm-specific risk) on financial reporting quality measured as accruals quality and earnings smoothness. Ordinary robust least square regression was conducted. Financial health had a negative influence, but governance variables and earnings management did not affect financial reporting quality. Firm-specific risk had a positive effect, but firm age did not influence financial reporting quality. Changes in business outlook had no impact on the determinants’ effect on financial reporting quality. The study found that ESG firms did not engage in earnings management and aggressively manage earnings, pointing to ethical behaviour. This is the first study to contribute to understanding the financial reporting quality of ESG firms listed in China. It examined different business outlooks to understand ESG firms’ behaviour towards financial reporting quality. The findings invite replicable studies outside China to understand the contextual validity and reliability of the financial reporting quality of ESG firms, and to investigate the effect of determinants not examined in this study.

In this work will show the essence of fixed assets through the indicators characterizing the movement and efficiency of use over time. In the paper we will expose the essence of each indicator specific to fixed assets. Will be showing the determination of indicators by example. To explain the indicators, will propose a real work situation, but with conventional values.

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) ’s adoption increased attention to International Accounting Standard Regulations worldwide. It has opened the door for empirical analysis having different perceptions of mandatory IFRS adoption. This paper’s main objective is to examine the impact of accounting quality and IFRS adoption on Pakistan’s banking sector efficiency. We have employed the Malmquist productivity index, Roychowdhury’s Earnings Management, and modified learner index to conduct the empirical analysis. The results mean how much banking sector efficiency is affected by accounting quality and IFRS adoption. The results demonstrate that the banking sector efficiency significantly increases through accounting quality and IFRS. Furthermore, it can be seen that the foreign banks’ efficiency in Pakistan is less than other banks compared to public or private banks. Additionally, more earnings timeliness has been noted in large banks than medium and small banks in Pakistan. Preferably, the practice of quality accounting relies on disclosed information through financial statements. In contrast, the organizations may evade the losses once the information quality is precise and appropriate. The study provides valuable information to managers and other stakeholders.

This paper proposes a framework for dynamic depreciation estimation by integrating Building Information Modelling (BIM), cost estimation datasets and maintenance data from Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) or Facility Management Systems (FMS). The framework operates within a Common Data Environment (CDE), a centralized platform that consolidates and synchronizes data across various systems. By leveraging interoperability standards such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and Construction-Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie), the framework facilitates seamless data exchange and integration. Maintenance records, asset conditions, lifecycle data and costs of building work items are systematically tracked within the CDE, enabling real-time updates and comprehensive visibility into the state of building components. This integration provides a robust foundation for accurate and condition-based depreciation estimation, enhancing property valuation practices by reflecting the actual wear, usage and maintenance history of building assets.

The paper presents a method for aligning the relevant financial and technical procedures for determining drainage assets’ current and replacement values. This alignment is especially pertinent when actual construction costs are unavailable and records in different utility departments (technical and accounting) do not correspond. The current asset value is grounded in estimated construction costs, considering accounting and technical useful lives. Asset portfolio considers the assets providing adequate service quality, regardless of their age. The methodology relies on the update of the assets’ registry (updating the assets’ value), the increase of the accounting useful life in line with technical practice (reducing annual depreciation), and the accumulated depreciation reversion (increasing net current value). In the case study, the need to update information exchange and align technical and financial procedures in Lisbon Municipality was triggered by internal policy requirements concerning the simultaneous development of the urban drainage asset management plan and the requirement to standardize the accounting system. The application of the methodology led to an increase of approximately five times the assets’ current value. The results, their implications, and replicability opportunities are discussed.

With the development of global economy, the investment theory of capital market needs to be further developed in order to provide investors with various references in the process of value investment. Value theory is very important for international investors. Since Graham put forward the theory of value investment, he has always emphasized the importance of discounted cash flow model (DCF model) in investment evaluation. Therefore, the DCF model has great influence on investment. In order to provide some domestic investors with value-added analysis methods when investing, we will investigate the practical theory of improving the DCF model in extreme environment. Based on the theory of value investment, time series analysis is introduced to improve the DCF model. The improved DCF model can estimate the original value of an enterprise by combining the factors that affect the change of enterprise value. In the research of securities investment, considering that the existing DCF model based on the American capital market has some shortcomings in domestic capital market, it needs to be improved. To forecast the future cash flow, the time series analysis method should be used instead of the sales ratio method. American investor Warren Buffett’s philosophy and practice of value investment have been paid attention to and studied by the world. Value theory is a series of famous theories put forward by Graham and applied and developed by Buffett. By combining the improved DCF model with Buffett’s personal business experience, this paper analyzes and summarizes the relevant contents of Buffett’s value investment theory based on the improved DCF model and puts forward some suggestions worthy of reference for Chinese investors.

In recent years, there has been a stabilization of the country's economy, which in the future is a major prerequisite for increasing demand for measures to limit the catch and import of raw fish abroad. They should lead to a reorientation of enterprises towards deep processing of raw fish, which will require the inflow of significant investment resources into the industry. In fact, the problem of fixed assets depreciation accounting is not new; there are several methods of their regulation in the modern world, but it is not enough when solving different managerial tasks. The relevance of the problem is due to the discrepancy between tax and accounting, between international financial reporting and Russian standards, as well as between the need to obtain an adequate and accurate assessment of the safety, and usefulness of fixed assets in the production process. As a result, the purpose of this study is to investigate modern methods of accounting depreciation of fixed assets and to identify ways to eliminate overdue areas of this problem. At the correct picked up system harmoniously working at the enterprise, and timely replacement of obsolete non-current assets, the enterprise can achieve the best productivity results and increase its liquidity.

We provide a brief overview of the connotation and characteristics of data mining technology in the era of big data, analyze the feasibility of data mining technology in business management from the economic and technical perspectives, and propose specific application suggestions according to the content and requirements of business management. This paper describes in detail the principles and steps of using the weighted plain Bayesian algorithm and the decision tree algorithm to analyze students’ performance; firstly, we need to obtain the plain Bayesian analysis model of college students’ learning literacy in physical education and the C4.5 graduation literacy analysis model, and then use certain rules to combine the weighted plain Bayesian algorithm and the decision tree algorithm to obtain the WNB-C4.5 college students’ learning literacy analysis model. In addition, in the prediction of financial risks, the classification scheme can be used in the judgment of violation of regulations, but the most used classification scheme is the decision tree. Experiments show that the effectiveness of this scheme in data mining for financial companies is increased by 2% compared to the benchmark method.

La propiedad, planta y equipo (PPyE) en las empresas petroleras representa la mayor participación de los activos totales, esta se reconoce mediante la capacidad de infraestructura instalada para soportar el desarrollo y distribución de procesos productivos. Desde la perspectiva de lo expuesto, el objetivo de este estudio permitió determinar los modelos de medición de la propiedad, planta y equipo en empresas petroleras de Suramérica durante el período 2020-2021. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, se desarrolló una investigación documental descriptiva para el estudio de la variable. La muestra seleccionada estuvo representada por tres empresas asociadas a la industria petrolera ubicadas geográficamente en Argentina, Brasil y Colombia. Los hallazgos evidencian el uso del modelo de revaluación en su transición a estándares internacionales de contabilidad e información financiera, así como la convergencia sobre la aplicación de estándares regidos por la definición de una política contable. Entre las conclusiones, se promueve las interacciones entre los modelos del costo para medir la propiedad, planta y equipo, el método de línea recta para la depreciación, excepto para los activos asociados a las actividades de exploración y producción, para los cuales se aplica el método de unidades técnicas de producción.