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Over the past four decades, cheerleading evolved from a sideline activity at major sporting events into a professional, competitive sport with growing global popularity. Evaluating tumbling elements in cheerleading relies on both objective measures and subjective judgments, such as difficulty and execution quality. However, the complexity of tumbling—encompassing team synchronicity, ground interactions, choreography, and artistic expression—makes objective assessment challenging. Artificial intelligence (AI) revolutionised various scientific fields and industries through precise data-driven analyses, yet their application in acrobatic sports remains limited despite significant potential for enhancing performance evaluation and coaching. This study investigates the feasibility of using an AI-based approach with data from a single inertial measurement unit to accurately identify and objectively assess tumbling elements in standard cheerleading routines. A sample of 16 participants (13 females, 3 males) from a Division I collegiate cheerleading team wore a single inertial measurement unit at the dorsal pelvis. Over a 4-week seasonal preparation period, 1102 tumbling elements were recorded during regular practice sessions. Using triaxial accelerations and rotational speeds, various ML algorithms were employed to classify and evaluate the execution of tumbling manoeuvres. Our results indicate that certain machine learning models can effectively identify different tumbling elements with high accuracy despite inter-individual variability and data noise. These findings demonstrate the significant potential for integrating AI-driven assessments into cheerleading and other acrobatic sports in order to provide objective metrics that complement traditional judging methods.

This book teaches the basics of partner acrobatics with children and teenagers. It shows the reader how to organize practice sessions and arrange performances. A practical section presents simple acrobatic figures that have proved to be of value in practice.

Starting with 2009, the Aerobic gymnastics' Code of Points suffers a series of modifications in the contents of most of the chapters. The most radical change is effected in the scoring of the artistic component of an aerobic gymnastic exercise. In this, from 5 scoring criteria remain only 3. The most spectacular intervention is suffered by the constructions for the mixt pairs, trio and group. Starting with 2009, it will be allowed, in the aerobic gymnastics constructions, to use elements from acrobatic gymnastics. The actual scoring chart forbuds using these in any moment but the final construction. The restriction regarding boosting the temmates is still enforced, as is the one regarding the execution of acrobatic elements on the ground.

Serafleana loves to jump, and when her family joins the traveling acrobatic troupe the Fleatastics, she dreams of having her own act. But her family wants her to be part of their parasite pyramid, and nobody gives small Serafleana the chance to show how high she can soar. Then one day, their host dog goes wild, and Serafleana finally gets the chance to prove what she can do.

Purpose The recreational and competitive practice of acrobatic sports, that is, trampoline, tumbling and acrobatic gymnastics (ACRO), is growing rapidly around the world. Many studies described the injuries affecting young artistic gymnasts, but only few concerned acrobatic sports. Methods During a 5-year period, 357 traumatic events were collected in young acrobats practicing trampoline, tumbling or ACRO. Accident characteristics, level of expertise and training, injury location (upper limb, spine and lower limb), type of tissue injured (bone, cartilage, muscle, ligament and tendon) and provoking factors (intrinsic/behavioural and extrinsic) were investigated. Results Acrobats of national and international levels were mostly injured. Injuries occurring in acrobatic sports concerned predominantly the lower limbs and concerned in this body part mainly damages to ligaments. Forearm and knee injuries were preferentially related to trampoline. Ankle injuries were preferentially related to tumbling. Wrist injuries were preferentially related to ACRO. Upper limb bone damage and upper limb tendon damage were preferentially related to trampoline and ACRO, respectively. Intrinsic/behavioural factors were the main injury determinant in the three acrobatic sports. Conclusions The main injuries in acrobatic sports (i.e. lower limbs) are similar to those observed in artistic gymnastics. Specific injuries may result from falls and incomplete and/or erroneous figure’s landing and may also depend to the type of the landing surface. Level of evidence II.

An acrobatic act begins with one bear on a unicycle and ends with twenty-one bears and sixteen wheels flying through the air.

In recent years, the number of practitioners of disciplines such as parkour, break dance or calisthenics (freestyle or street workout) has increased. These disciplines share common characteristics, such as an unregulated street origin and a focus on acrobatics. This study aimed to analyze the state of scientific publications related to these acrobatic street sports. A bibliometric analysis was conducted, applying traditional bibliometric laws to scientific documentation found in journals indexed in WoS and Scopus. Data processing and visualization were performed using Bibliometrix and Excel. A total of 199 articles published between 1984 and 2024 were identified, indicating exponential growth. Among these, 139 papers were related to parkour, 48 to breakdance, and 12 to street workout. A review of 158 journals revealed that they contained related publications, although their distribution did not conform to Bradford’s model, showig only two areas. Among 417 authors identified, 22 were deemed prolific and 12 prominent. France emerged as the most prolific country, followed by the USA. The 553 author keywords were categorized into three groups, each associated with one of the sports. The 26 most cited papers were selected as relevant, demonstrating a correlation between the increase in publications and the popularization of these sports, largely due to television exposure. The \"International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics” emerged as the most prolific journal. The most relevant authors identified in each sport were Signey Grosprêtre (parkour); Max Daniel Kauther and Christian Wedemeyer (breakdance); and Javier Sanchez-Martinez (street workout). V zadnjih letih se je povečalo število vadbenih dejavnosti, kot so »parkour«, »breakdance« ali telovadba (prosti slog ali ulična vadba). Te dejavnosti imajo skupne značilnosti, kot sta neurejen ulični izvor in osredotočenost na akrobacije. Namen te raziskave je bil razčleniti stanje znanstvenih publikacij povezanih s temi akrobatskimi uličnimi športi. Izvedena je bila bibliometrična razčlenitev z uporabo običajnih bibliometričnih načinov za znanstveno dokumentacijo, najdeno v revijah, indeksiranih v WoS in Scopus. Obdelavo in upodobitev podatkov smo izvedli s programoma Bibliometrix in Excel. Prepoznanih je bilo skupno 199 člankov objavljenih med letoma 1984 in 2024, kar kaže na eksponentno rast. Med temi je bilo 139 člankov povezanih s »parkourjem«, 48 z »breakdanceom« in 12 z ulično vadbo. Pregled 158 revij je pokazal, da so vsebovale sorodne izdaje, čeprav njihova porazdelitev ni bila v skladu z Bradfordovim modelom, saj prikazujeta samo dve področji. Med 417 prepoznanimi pisci je bilo 22 ocenjenih kot plodovitih in 12 uglednih. Francija se je izkazala za državo z največ prispevki, sledijo ji ZDA. 553 avtorskih ključnih besed je bilo razvrščenih v tri skupine, od katerih je bila vsaka povezana z enim od športov. Kot pomembnih je bilo izbranih 26 najbolj navajanih člankov, ki dokazujejo povezavo med porastom objav in širjenjem teh dejavnosti, predvsem zaradi televizijske izpostavljenosti. \"International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics\" se je izkazal za najbolj plodno revijo. Najpomembnejši avtorji, prepoznani v vsaki dejavnosti, so bili Signey Grosprêtre (»parkour«); Max Daniel Kauther in Christian Wedemeyer (»breakdance«); in Javier Sanchez-Martinez (ulična vadba).

This collection of seven stories features everyone's favorite bear family is these classic Berenstain Bears Bright and Early books. Written and illustrated by the beloved husband and wife team of Stan and Jan Berenstain, this one-of-a-kind treasury is perfect for those just learning how to read... or those just starting to read all on their own.

This article probes the racially conflictual plotlines of mamulengo, a form of improvised popular puppetry in North-East Brazil. Drawing on a corpus of transcribed shows performed between the 1940s and 1970s, it shows how audacious Black protagonists – often named Baltazar or Benedito – took part in a game of racial ‘acrobatics’. By playing the roles of fools (bobos) and aggressors (desordeiros), these heroes simultaneously reproduced a racist status quo and offered a spirited and violent resistance to its abuses. While mamulengo has never been brought to bear on discussions of race in Brazil, this oft-overlooked form of cultural expression forces us to confront the uncomfortable aspects of race-making and belonging as they are elaborated ‘from below’.